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Increased Risk of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Hepatitis C vs Hepatitis B Before, During, and After Discontinuing Interferon Therapy
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Thyroid gland dysfunction has been reported to occur with variable frequency during interferon alfa (IFN-alpha) therapy in patients with the hepatitis C virus (HCV). We prospectively evaluated if the prevalence of autoimmune thyroid disease in patients with HCV differs from that in patients with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) before, at the end of, and 6 months after stopping treatment with IFN-alpha. METHODS: One hundred thirty-four patients with HCV and 41 patients with HBV were studied. Measurements of serum free thyroxine, free triiodothyronine, thyrotropin, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAbs), thyroglobulin antibodies (TgAbs), and thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin were performed. RESULTS: Positive levels of TPOAb and TgAb were found in 20% and 11% of patients with HCV compared with 5% and 3% of patients with HBV, respectively. At the end of IFN-alpha therapy, thyroid gland dysfunction was more prevalent in patients with HCV (12%) compared with those with HBV (3%), with thyrotropin levels significantly higher in the HCV group (P = .03). Titers of TPOAb, TgAb, and thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin increased significantly (P = .02, P = .04, and P = .02, respectively) at the end of IFN-alpha therapy in patients with HCV but not in those with HBV. Patients who developed thyroid gland dysfunction were predominantly female (P = .03), had decreased levels of free triiodothyronine (P<.001), and had a higher prevalence of TPOAb (P = .03) before treatment with IFN-alpha. Thyroid gland dysfunction was reversed in 60% of those with HCV 6 months after discontinuing treatment with IFN-alpha. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with HCV are more susceptible than patients with HBV to autoimmune thyroid disease. Systematic screening of thyroid gland function and TPOAb titers in all patients with HCV before, during, and after IFN-alpha therapy appears warranted. This precaution is not necessary for patients with HBV.
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Cited by
Zignego, A. L., Ferri, C., Pileri, S. A., Caini, P., & Bianchi, F. B. (2007) · Digestive and Liver Disease · doi:10.1016/j.dld.2006.06.008 · Cited by 262
Interferon-α and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease
Prummel, M. F., & Laurberg, P. (2003) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/105072503322238809 · Cited by 221
Environmental Basis of Autoimmunity
Floreani, A., Leung, P. S. C., & Gershwin, M. E. (2016) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-015-8493-8 · Cited by 122
Metadata
- Authors
- Fernandez-Soto, L., Gonzalez, A., Escobar-Jimenez, F., Vazquez, R., Ocete, E., Olea, N., & Salmeron, J.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1998-07-13
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1445
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2112888014
- Cited by
- 199
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Increased Risk of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Hepatitis C vs Hepatitis B Before, During, and After Discontinuing Interferon Therapy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1001/archinte.158.13.1445
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- Fernandez-Soto, L., Gonzalez, A., Escobar-Jimenez, F., Vazquez, R., Ocete, E., Olea, N., & Salmeron, J. (1998). Increased Risk of Autoimmune Thyroid Disease in Hepatitis C vs Hepatitis B Before, During, and After Discontinuing Interferon Therapy. Archives of Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.158.13.1445
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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