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Cited by 351Cannabis and Cannabinoid ResearchChronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) ResearchSmoking Behavior and Cessation

Effects of Marijuana Smoking on Pulmonary Function and Respiratory Complications: A Systematic Review

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Tetrault, Jeanette M.·2007·Archives of Internal Medicine
DOI 10.1001/archinte.167.3.221
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Abstract

Background The relationship between marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory complications is poorly understood; therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the impact of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications. Methods Studies that evaluated the effect of marijuana smoking on pulmonary function and respiratory complications were selected from the MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and EMBASE databases according to predefined criteria from January 1, 1966, to October 28, 2005. Two independent reviewers extracted data and evaluated study quality based on established criteria. Study results were critically appraised for clinical applicability and research methods. Results Thirty-four publications met selection criteria. Reports were classified as challenge studies if they examined the association between short-term marijuana use and airway response; other reports were classified as studies of long-term marijuana smoking and pulmonary function or respiratory complications. Eleven of 12 challenge studies found an association between short-term marijuana administration and bronchodilation (eg, increases of 0.15-0.25 L in forced expiratory volume in 1 second). No consistent association was found between long-term marijuana smoking and airflow obstruction measures. All 14 studies that assessed long-term marijuana smoking and respiratory complications noted an association with increased respiratory symptoms, including cough, phlegm, and wheeze (eg, odds ratio, 2.00; 95% confidence interval, 1.32-3.01, for the association between marijuana smoking and cough). Studies were variable in their overall quality (eg, controlling for confounders, including tobacco smoking). Conclusions Short-term exposure to marijuana is associated with bronchodilation. Physiologic data were inconclusive regarding an association between long-term marijuana smoking and airflow obstruction measures. Long-term marijuana smoking is associated with increased respiratory symptoms suggestive of obstructive lung disease.

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  • Other longitudinal studies argue against the strength or persistence of deficits over shorter periods, especially in studies where abstinence was carefully monitored.

    “Further, other longitudinal studies argue against the strength or persistence of deficits over shorter periods, 17,20 especially in studies where abstinence was carefully monitored.101”

    From Association of Cannabis With Cognitive Functioning in Adolescents and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2018) · cites this paper as [101]

    The STUDY QUALITY section describes longitudinal studies of pulmonary function, including one that found no significant relationship between marijuana smoking and FEV1 decline. But citation 101 is attached to the clause about carefully monitored abstinence; neither that section nor the passages retrieved for “abstinence” describe monitored abstinence or deficits after abstinence. (LLM, conf=0.75)

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Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. Tashkin DP. Smoked marijuana as a cause of lung injury. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis. 2005;63:93- 100.
  2. Tashkin DP, Shapiro BJ, Frank IM. Acute pulmo- nary physiologic effects of smoked marijuana and oral 9-tetrahydrocannabinol in healthy young men. N Engl J Med. 1973;289:336-341.
  3. Vachon L, FitzGerald MX, Solliday NH, Gould IA, Gaensler EA. Single-dose effects of marihuana smoke. Bronchial dynamics and respiratory- center sensitivity in normal subjects. N Engl J Med. 1973;288:985-989.
  4. Cruickshank EK. Physical assessment of 30 chronic cannabis users and 30 matched controls. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1976;282:162-167.
  5. Chopra GS. Studies on psycho-clinical aspects of long-term marihuana use in 124 cases. Int J Addict. 1973;8:1015-1026.
  6. Mehra R, Moore BA, Crothers K, Tetrault J, Fiel- lin DA. The association between marijuana smok- ing and lung cancer: a systematic review. Arch In- tern Med. 2006;166:1359-1367.

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Authors
Tetrault, J. M.
Affiliations
VA Connecticut Healthcare System (US)
Corresponding author
Tetrault, Jeanette M.
ORCID
Tetrault, Jeanette M.
Venue
Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher
American Medical Association (AMA)
Published
2007-02-12
Volume
167
Issue
3
Pages
221
ISSN
0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1001/archinte.167.3.221
OpenAlex
W1509657115
Cited by
4
References
34
Citations by year
2020: 1 · 2014: 1
FWCI
0.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (K23HL079114)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R21 DA019246, R21 DA 019246-02)
  • National Center for Research Resources (K12 RR 0117594-01)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
Keywords
cannabis smoking, lung function, respiratory complications, bronchodilation, airflow obstruction, respiratory symptoms, cough, wheezing, sputum, obstructive lung disease

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