Cited by 212Sodium Intake and HealthBlood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesNutritional Studies and Diet

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The Hypertension Prevention Trial: Three-Year Effects of Dietary Changes on Blood Pressure

Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group·1990·Archives of Internal Medicine

DOI 10.1001/archinte.1990.00390130131021

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Abstract

• A total of 841 healthy men and women aged 25 to 49 years, with diastolic blood pressures of 78 to 89 mm Hg, were randomly assigned to a control treatment group (no dietary counseling) or to one of four dietary counseling treatment groups (reduced calories, reduced sodium, reduced sodium and calories, or reduced sodium and increased potassium). Participants were followed for a 3-year period to assess the effect of dietary changes on blood pressure. After 6 months, counseling had resulted in a net (of control) mean overnight urinary sodium reduction of 13%, a potassium increase of 8%, and a decrease in mean body weight of 7%. At 3 years, the sodium and weight reductions were 10% and 4%, respectively; the potassium change was nil. All four dietary counseling treatment groups had lower mean blood pressures than the control group. The largest net reduction in blood pressure occurred in the calorie group: diastolic pressure was 2.8 mm Hg and 1.8 mm Hg and systolic pressure, 5.1 mm Hg and 2.4 mm Hg at 6 months and 3 years, respectively. All four dietary counseling treatment groups experienced fewer hypertensive events; significantly fewer occurred in the sodium groups. The beneficial effects on blood pressure achieved in this trial have implications for the prevention of cardiovascular disease through dietary reduction of calories and sodium. (Arch Intern Med.1990;150:153-162)

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Authors: Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group
Corresponding author: Hypertension Prevention Trial Research Group
Venue: Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 1990-01-01
Volume: 150
Issue: 1
Pages: 153
ISSN: 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archinte.1990.00390130131021
OpenAlex: W4242085430
Cited by: 212
References: 0
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 7.53
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
Keywords: hypertension prevention, nutrition counseling, sodium reduction, calorie reduction, potassium intake, blood pressure reduction, sodium excretion, weight loss, cardiovascular disease prevention, middle-aged adults

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The Hypertension Prevention Trial: Three-Year Effects of Dietary Changes on Blood Pressure

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