The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cigarette Smoking and Sleep Disturbance
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Individuals with sleep complaints often exhibit unhealthy lifestyles, including obesity, excessive alcohol use, lack of physical exercise, and cigarette smoking. We sought to explore the relationship between cigarette smoking, poor sleep habits, and sleep complaints. Several lines of evidence suggest a relationship between cigarette smoking and sleep disturbance, including the effects of nicotine and nicotine withdrawal on sleep, a tendency for nonsmokers to be more alert in the morning, an association between cigarette smoking and snoring, and a tendency for individuals who engage in one unhealthy behavior also to engage in others. METHOD: A total of 484 individuals aged 14 to 84 years completed a comprehensive sleep and health questionnaire. There were 99 high school students from grades 9 through 12 (45 boys and 54 girls, of whom 38 [38%] were smokers), who completed an in-class survey. In addition, 385 adults aged 20 to 84 years (122 men and 263 women, of whom 77 [20%] were smokers) from a random sample of 1000 completed a mail survey. The effects of age and smoking status on sleep, health, and daytime function were assessed by multivariate analysis of variance. RESULTS: Cigarette smokers were significantly more likely than nonsmokers to report problems going to sleep, problems staying asleep, daytime sleepiness, minor accidents, depression, and high daily caffeine intake. CONCLUSION: Individuals with sleep complaints should be queried about tobacco use. Those who are smokers should be advised that there is a relationship between cigarette smoking and sleep disturbance.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Short sleep is associated with current or former smoking status [31, 32] while both short and long sleep are associated with higher cigarette consumption [31, 33].”
From Smoking, screen-based sedentary behavior, and diet associated with habitual sleep duration and chronotype: data from the UK Biobank (2016) · cites this paper as [33]
Citations
Cites
Klink, M. E., & Quan, S. F. (1987) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.91.4.540 · Cited by 385
Snoring in a Hispanic-American Population
Schmidt-Nowara, W. W. (1990) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.150.3.597 · Cited by 219
Epidemiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Partinen, M., & Telakivi, T. (1992) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/15.suppl_6.s1 · Cited by 205
Cigarette Smoking Associated with Sleep Difficulty
Soldatos, C. R., Kales, J. D., Scharf, M. B., Bixler, E. O., & Kales, A. (1980) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7352268 · Cited by 156
Adolescent sleepiness: increased risk in a high-risk population
Carskadon, M. A. (1990) · Journal of Safety Research · doi:10.1016/0022-4375(90)90038-d · Cited by 126
Snoring and Sleep Architecture
Hoffstein, V., Mateika, J. H., & Mateika, S. (1991) · American Review of Respiratory Disease · doi:10.1164/ajrccm/143.1.92 · Cited by 99
Effects of Abstinence From Smoking on Sleep and Daytime Sleepiness
Prosise, G. L., Bonnet, M. H., Berry, R. B., & Dickel, M. J. (1994) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.105.4.1136 · Cited by 78
Association between smoking and drinking and sleep duration
Palmer, C. D., Harrison, G. A., & Hiorns, R. W. (1980) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.1080/03014468000004111 · Cited by 75
Ishihara, K., Miyasita, A., Inugami, M., Fukuda, K., Yamazaki, K., & Miyata, Y. (1985) · Psychological Reports · doi:10.2466/pr0.1985.57.2.391 · Cited by 48
The effects of smoking on the health and sleep of sportswomen.
Bale, P. J., & White, M. (1982) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsm.16.3.149 · Cited by 12
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–305 of 305
Ra, C. K., Businelle, M. S., Gamble, K. L., Steinberg, M. B., Hedeker, D., Spaeth, A. M., & Villanti, A. C. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0334129
Improved sleep as an adjunctive treatment for smoking cessation
Patterson, F., & Ashare, R. L. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13954-3.00029-2
Partinen, M. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-84-8086-733-7.00023-1
Basic Mechanisms: Cognitive Performance and Sleep
Wesensten, N. J. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511783005.003
Metadata
- Authors
- Phillips, B. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Corresponding author
- Phillips, Barbara A.
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1995-04-10
- Volume
- 155
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 734
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1998674496
- Cited by
- 304
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 4.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- cigarette smoking, sleep disorders, nicotine, nicotine withdrawal, daytime sleepiness, snoring, sleep habits, tobacco use, caffeine consumption, depression, health behavior, adolescents, adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Sleep Wake Disorders, Smoking
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
