The DOI matches its Crossref record.
A Retrospective Review of 61 Patients With Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Analysis of Factors Influencing Recurrent Thrombosis
Abstract
Background: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a disorder of recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis, pregnancy losses, and thrombocytopenia. Recurrent thrombosis has particularly adverse effects on patient prognosis. The factors that influence recurrence and management techniques that prevent these events remain controversial. To add further insight regarding predisposing factors and the prevention of thrombotic recurrence, 61 wellcharacterized patients with APS were followed up for a median time of 77 months. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in which the following factors were examined to determine their influence on thrombotic recurrence: primary vs secondary syndrome; the presence of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, or smoking; patient age, sex, and race; pregnancy and oral contraceptives use; and treatment with warfarin sodium, warfarin plus aspirin, aspirin alone, prednisone, or no treatment. Results: There was no difference between patients with primary and secondary APS with respect to recurrent arterial (55% vs 38%, respectively) or recurrent venous (47% vs 50%, respectively) thrombotic events. In all patients with APS, white race (P=.02) was associated with recurrent arterial events. Venous thrombosis occurred during pregnancy or in the postpartum period in 16 (30%) of 53 women and in 8 women taking oral contraceptives. Recurrent arterial and venous thromboses were significantly decreased with prophylactic warfarin use when compared with prednisone use or no treatment. Recurrences were infrequent in patients with prothrombin ratios of 1.5 to 2.0. Conclusions: Treatment with warfarin was most effective in preventing recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis. Pregnancy and the use of oral contraceptives or prednisone may also influence recurrence. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:2101-2108
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Alternatively, treatment with VKA with a target INR of 2–3 plus LDA is used by some experts, supported by limited data from one retrospective cohort study and one small RCT.36 37”
From EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults (2019) · cites this paper as [36]
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–134 of 134
Diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome
Bertolaccini, M. L., & Khamashta, M. A. (2008) · Expert Review of Hematology · doi:10.1586/17474086.1.2.183 · Cited by 2
Clinical Aspects of the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Lateef, A., & Petri, M. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-1893-5.00042-x · Cited by 2
Usefulness of a Diluted Prothrombin Time for Accurately Diagnosing Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Nakai, K., Wada, H., Nakatani, K., et al. (2009) · Vascular Disease Prevention · doi:10.2174/1567270001006010025 · Cited by 2
Affections hématologiques et accidents vasculaires cérébraux
Crassard, I., & Woimant, F. (2005) · Encyclopédie médico-chirurgicale. Neurologie · doi:10.1016/s0246-0378(05)27714-x · Cited by 1
Antiphospholipid-Syndrom bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Hedrich, C. M., & Kallinich, T. (2022) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-60410-6_39 · Cited by 2
Mono-organic versus Multi-organic Involvement in Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Medina, G., Lastra, O. L. V., Ángeles, U., & Jara, L. J. (2005) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1361.072 · Cited by 2
Queralt, C., & Vidal, N. (2000) · Medicina Clínica · doi:10.1016/s0025-7753(00)71383-2 · Cited by 2
Accidente cerebrovascular agudo en el síndrome antifosfolipídico primario
Sabé, N., Palacı́n, A., Sampere, I. M., Perujo, E. S., de Evan, M. J., Borrego, F. R., & Farriols, R. P. (2002) · Revista Clínica Española · doi:10.1016/s0014-2565(02)71119-3 · Cited by 2
Karakitsos, D., Saranteas, T., Poularas, J., et al. (2009) · The Journal of Trauma: Injury, Infection, and Critical Care · doi:10.1097/01.ta.0000243386.77986.dd · Cited by 1
Syndrome des antiphospholipides
Meyer, O. (2010) · EMC - Appareil locomoteur · doi:10.1016/s0246-0521(10)52466-5 · Cited by 1
Treatment of Retinal Vein Occlusions
Browning, D. J. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-3439-9_13 · Cited by 1
Varfarin v terapii antifosfolipidnogo sindroma
Reshetnyak, T. M., Kondrateva, L., Shtivelband, I. B., & Nasonov, E. L. (2008) · Modern Rheumatology Journal · doi:10.14412/1996-7012-2008-469 · Cited by 1
Clinical Aspects of Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Durcan, L., & Petri, M. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-47927-1.00042-6 · Cited by 1
Long term use of anticoagulant therapy for patients with pulmonary embolism
Becattini, C., & Cimini, L. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Hematology · doi:10.1080/17474086.2020.1770589 · Cited by 1
Casado-Suela, M. Á., Torres-Macho, J., Izquierdo-Martínez, A., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14165716 · Cited by 1
“Evidence from long retrospective series shows a high rate of recurrent thrombosis in patients with APS who discontinued anticoagulant therapy [4,5].”
Treatment of “Other” Stroke Etiologies
Cucchiara, B. L., & Kasner, S. E. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-69424-7.00058-2 · Cited by 1
Cáliz, R., Fontecha, P. D. D. C., Galindo-Izquierdo, M., Longo, F. J. L., Zamora, M. Á. M., Santamaría, A., Pliego, O. A., Lozano, M. J. C., Beltrán, M. P. D., Ortells, L. C., et al. (2019) · Reumatología Clínica (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.reumae.2018.11.012 · Cited by 1
Síndrome de Hughes y trombosis: el debate continúa
Ruiz‐Irastorza, G., & Khamashta, M. A. (2002) · Medicina Clínica · doi:10.1016/s0025-7753(02)72297-5 · Cited by 1
Dumurgier, J., Desgranges, P., Chapoy, E., Becquemin, J.-P., & Hosseini, H. (2004) · Revue Neurologique · doi:10.1016/s0035-3787(04)71149-2 · Cited by 1
Novel therapies for the antiphospholipid syndrome
Pierangeli, S. S. (2008) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1586/1744666x.4.2.193 · Cited by 1
Genetics of Arterial Thrombosis
Lau, E. C. (2001) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-044450669-6/50039-6 · Cited by 1
Thromboprophylaxis and treatment of thrombosis in pregnancy
Heilmann, L., Rath, W. H., & Bick, R. L. (2006) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511526978.007
Cryptogenic Emboli and Other Elusive Causes of Stroke
Smirnakis, S. M., & Koroshetz, W. J. (2004) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59259-769-7_13
Miyata, M., Sakata, Y., SHIBUKAWA, G., et al. (2000) · Internal Medicine · doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.39.748
Comments on the Editorial “Antiphospholypid Syndrome: New Clinical and Therapeutic Perspectives”
Ruiz‐Irastorza, G., & Khamashta, M. A. (2007) · Reumatología Clínica (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/s2173-5743(07)70219-8
Comentarios al editorial “Síndrome antifosfolipídico: nuevas perspectivas clínicas y terapéuticas”
Ruiz‐Irastorza, G., & Khamashta, M. A. (2007) · Reumatología Clínica · doi:10.1016/s1699-258x(07)73609-4
Treatment of “Other” Stroke Etiologies
Kasner, S. E., & Cucchiara, B. L. (2011) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-5478-8.10054-5
Treatment of “Other” Stroke Etiologies
Kasner, S. E., & Cucchiara, B. L. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-29544-4.00056-6
Antiphospholipid-Syndrom bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Hedrich, C. M., & Kallinich, T. (2021) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-60411-3_39-1
Meyer, O. (2011) · EMC - Aparato Locomotor · doi:10.1016/s1286-935x(11)70977-7
Clinical aspects of antiphospholipid syndrome
Topilow, J., & Petri, M. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-93232-5.00051-4
(2000) · Time to knit · doi:10.1016/s0246-0521(19)30265-7
Yang, W., Park, H.-K., Koh, S., Kim, S., Kim, Y., Jung, K., Kang, H. G., Choi, J. C., Kim, H. Y., Nam, H. S., et al. (2025) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2025.108164
Oral Contraceptives and Autoimmune Diseases
Mehrani, T., & Petri, M. (2010) · Principles of Gender-Specific Medicine · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374271-1.00054-x
Metadata
- Authors
- Krnic-Barrie, S.
- Corresponding author
- Krnic-Barrie, Sanja
- Venue
- Archives of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1997-10-13
- Volume
- 157
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 2101
- ISSN
- 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4253029803
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 5 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 4.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Fogarty International Center (1 FO5 TWO 4936-01)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Internal Medicine › Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- antiphospholipid syndrome, recurrent thrombosis, venous thrombosis, arterial thrombosis, warfarin prophylaxis, prednisone, oral contraceptives, pregnancy, prothrombin ratio, risk factors, anticoagulation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
