Cited by 605Sleep and related disordersSleep and Work-Related FatigueSleep and Wakefulness Research

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Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold

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Cohen, Sheldon, Doyle, William J., Alper, Cuneyt M., Janicki-Deverts, Denise, Turner, Ronald B.·2009·Archives of Internal Medicine

DOI 10.1001/archinternmed.2008.505PMC PMC2629403

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sleep quality is thought to be an important predictor of immunity and, in turn, susceptibility to the common cold. This article examines whether sleep duration and efficiency in the weeks preceding viral exposure are associated with cold susceptibility. METHODS: A total of 153 healthy men and women (age range, 21-55 years) volunteered to participate in the study. For 14 consecutive days, they reported their sleep duration and sleep efficiency (percentage of time in bed actually asleep) for the previous night and whether they felt rested. Average scores for each sleep variable were calculated over the 14-day baseline. Subsequently, participants were quarantined, administered nasal drops containing a rhinovirus, and monitored for the development of a clinical cold (infection in the presence of objective signs of illness) on the day before and for 5 days after exposure. RESULTS: There was a graded association with average sleep duration: participants with less than 7 hours of sleep were 2.94 times (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-7.30) more likely to develop a cold than those with 8 hours or more of sleep. The association with sleep efficiency was also graded: participants with less than 92% efficiency were 5.50 times (95% CI, 2.08-14.48) more likely to develop a cold than those with 98% or more efficiency. These relationships could not be explained by differences in prechallenge virus-specific antibody titers, demographics, season of the year, body mass, socioeconomic status, psychological variables, or health practices. The percentage of days feeling rested was not associated with colds. CONCLUSION: Poorer sleep efficiency and shorter sleep duration in the weeks preceding exposure to a rhinovirus were associated with lower resistance to illness.

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Authors: Cohen, S., Doyle, W. J., Alper, C. M., Janicki-Deverts, D., & Turner, R. B.
Affiliations: Carnegie Mellon University (US)
University of Pittsburgh (US)
ORCID: Cohen, Sheldon
Doyle, William J.
Turner, Ronald B.
Venue: Archives of Internal Medicine
Publisher: American Medical Association (AMA)
Published: 2009-01-12
Volume: 169
Issue: 1
Pages: 62
ISSN: 0003-9926 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2008.505
PMC: PMC2629403
OpenAlex: W2097663158
Cited by: 605
References: 27
Citations by year: 2026: 35 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 53 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 62 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 35 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 37.60
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Archives of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
KiltHub Repository (submittedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
KiltHub Repository
Funders: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL65111, HL65112, P50HL065112, P50HL065111)
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01AI066367, AI066367)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
Keywords: sleep duration, sleep efficiency, common cold, rhinovirus infection, cold sensitivity, immune resistance, sleep deprivation, nasal challenge
MeSH terms: Adult, Common Cold, Disease Susceptibility, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Predictive Value of Tests, Probability, Surveys and Questionnaires, Reference Values, Risk Factors, Sleep, Sleep Wake Disorders, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, Multivariate Analysis, Confidence Intervals, Linear Models, Logistic Models, Odds Ratio, Polysomnography, Young Adult

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Sleep Habits and Susceptibility to the Common Cold

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