The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Grading and Prevalence of Macular Degeneration in Chesapeake Bay Watermen
Abstract
A new grading scheme was developed to classify the fundus features of macular degeneration. This scheme identifies the earliest fundus changes associated with macular degeneration, as well as specific drusen characteristics felt to be associated with an increased risk of developing the exudative forms of this disease. Agreement between two graders using this scheme indicated good interobserver reliability. Using this scheme, fundus photographs of 777 participants were graded in a population-based study of watermen from the eastern shore of Maryland. The prevalence of at least one druse within 1500 microns of the foveal center was extremely common (over 80% in each age group over 30 years of age) and not age related. The prevalence of large, confluent, or soft drusen was relatively uncommon and was age related; by the eighth decade, 26% of all participants had large or soft drusen, and 17% of them had confluent drusen. These latter characteristics are more likely to be markers of early changes consistent with age-related macular degeneration rather than simply the presence of a few drusen.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Age is the strongest risk factor for age-related macular degeneration; all population-based studies confirm that the prevalence of age-related macular degeneration increases with age in white individuals.3,22–27”
From Age-related macular degeneration (2008) · cites this paper as [26]
Citations
Cites
Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions
Fleiss, J. L., Levin, B., & Paik, M. C. (2003) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/0471445428 · Cited by 18,646
Leibowitz, H. M., Krueger, D. E., Maunder, L. R., Milton, R. C., KINI, M. M., Kahn, H. A., Nickerson, R. J., Pool, J., Colton, T., Ganley, J. P., et al. (1980) · PubMed · Cited by 1,250
Drusen and Disciform Macular Detachment and Degeneration
Gass, J. D. M. (1973) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.1973.01000050208006 · Cited by 593
Pathologic Features of Senile Macular Degeneration
GREEN, W. R., McDonnell, P. J., & Yeo, J. H. (2005) · Retina · doi:10.1097/00006982-200507001-00011 · Cited by 315
Cataracts and Macular Degeneration in Older Americans
Klein, R., & Klein, R. (1982) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.1982.01030030573002 · Cited by 276
Exposure to Sunlight and Other Risk Factors for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
West, S. K. (1989) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.1989.01070010897038 · Cited by 258
DRUSEN AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO SENILE MACULAR DEGENERATION
Sarks, S. H. (1980) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1111/j.1442-9071.1980.tb01670.x · Cited by 219
Prognosis of Patients with Bilateral Macular Drusen
Smiddy, W. E., & Fine, S. L. (1984) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(84)34309-3 · Cited by 194
The Prevalence of Macular Drusen in Postmortem Eyes
Coffey, A. J. H., & Brownstein, S. (1986) · American Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/0002-9394(86)90138-8 · Cited by 64
Lack of Evidence for Aspirin Use and Prevention of Cataracts
West, S. K., Muñoz, B. E., Newland, H. S., Emmett, E. A., & Taylor, H. R. (1987) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archopht.1987.01060090087034 · Cited by 46
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–251 of 251
Carneiro, Â. M. (2015) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118823408.ch8 · Cited by 4
Schittkowski, M., Schneider, H., Ziegler, P. G., Vogel, S., & Guthoff, R. F. (1998) · Der Ophthalmologe · doi:10.1007/s003470050298 · Cited by 4
Sarraf, D., Salib, D. M., Jain, A., & Quiram, P. A. (2007) · Seminars in Ophthalmology · doi:10.1080/08820530701457431 · Cited by 3
Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Seddon, J. M., & Sobrin, L. (2012) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-0737-9.00063-1 · Cited by 3
Wilde, C., Poostchi, A., Hillman, J. G., MacNab, H. K., Vernon, S. A., & Amoaku, W. M. K. (2020) · Eye · doi:10.1038/s41433-020-01169-3 · Cited by 3
Heritability of retinal drusen in the Copenhagen Twin Cohort Eye Study
Belmouhand, M., Rothenbuehler, S. P., Hjelmborg, J., Dabbah, S., Bjerager, J., Sander, B., Dalgård, C., & Larsen, M. (2022) · Acta Ophthalmologica · doi:10.1111/aos.15136 · Cited by 3
Épidémiologie et facteurs de risque de la DMLA
Chaine, G., & Rohart, C. (2007) · Journal Français d Ophtalmologie · doi:10.1016/s0181-5512(07)89677-x · Cited by 4
Current concepts and recent advances in the management of age-related macular degeneration
Byrne, S. F., & Beatty, S. (2003) · Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) · doi:10.1007/bf02915287 · Cited by 3
Spezielle Pathologie der Retina
Messmer, E. P., Ruggli, G. M., Apple, D. J., & Naumann, G. O. H. (1997) · Spezielle pathologische Anatomie · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-60402-7_3 · Cited by 3
The Role of Omega-3 and Antioxidant Nutrients in Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Review Article
Koçyiğit, E., & Tek, N. A. (2022) · Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences · doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.810526 · Cited by 2
Age-related macular degeneration : a light and electron microscopical study
van der Schaft, T. L. (1993) · Cited by 2
An evaluation of the young people's knowledge regarding the ophthalmic effects of smoking.
Kanonidou, E. D., Konidaris, V. E., Kanonidou, C., & Praidou, A. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 2
Recent Advances and New Perspectives in Managing Macular Degeneration
Davey, P. G. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.91530 · Cited by 2
Statins and Age-Related Maculopathy
McGwin, G., & Owsley, C. J. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-186-4_10 · Cited by 2
Age-related macular disease : studies on incidence, risk factors, and prognosis
van Leeuwen, R. (2003) · Cited by 1
Epidemiology of Age-Related Macular Degeneration Early in the 21st Century
Wang, J. J., Mitchell, P., & Klein, R. (2007) · Humana Press eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-186-4_2 · Cited by 1
Age-related macular degeneration
Al‐Taie, R., Nolan, J. M., & Neelam, K. (2006) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-8816-1.50031-8 · Cited by 1
Makarczyk, L. D. S. Q., & Ugarte, M. D. F. S. (2021) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.97752 · Cited by 1
Jefferys, J. L., Alexander, J., Hiner, C. J., Javornik, N. B., Smith, R. E., Bressler, N. M., Hawkins, B. S., & Maureen G. Maguire for the Macular Photocoagulation Study Group (2008) · Ophthalmic Epidemiology · doi:10.1080/09286580701772003 · Cited by 1
Self-citationDie altersabhängige Makuladegeneration — eine Übersicht
Steinberg, J., Uibel, S., Berndt, T., Müller, D., Quarcoo, D., & Groneberg, D. A. (2011) · Zentralblatt für Arbeitsmedizin Arbeitsschutz und Ergonomie · doi:10.1007/bf03345002 · Cited by 1
Singh, A. K., Untoo, R. A., Wani, O. A., & Rashid, W. (2022) · International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20220015 · Cited by 1
Angiography of Macular Diseases
Wu, L., Benavides, R., Porras, A., Garcia-Amaris, R. A., & Arévalo, J. F. (2008) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-0-387-68987-6_4 · Cited by 1
Pattern electroretinography in senile macular degeneration
Sanders, D. G. M., & van Lith, G. H. M. (1991) · Documenta Ophthalmologica · doi:10.1007/bf00165680 · Cited by 1
Food-Related Concerns of Older Adults with Macular Degeneration
Crews, G. W., & Holcomb, C. A. (2001) · Journal of Nutrition for the Elderly · doi:10.1300/j052v21n01_02 · Cited by 1
Prospective therapeutics for age-related macular degeneration
Chiesa, R. (1999) · Emerging Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1517/14728222.3.4.527 · Cited by 1
Reading performance with stand magnifiers in age-related macular degeration
Cheong, A. M. Y. (2003) · Cited by 1
Primary Vision Care in Geriatrics: An Overview
Schmitt, E., & Castillo, R. E. (2007) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7506-7359-4.50006-0 · Cited by 1
Macular Pigment Measurement—Theoretical Background
(2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-71994-6_6 · Cited by 1
Klaver, C. C. W., van Leeuwen, R., Vingerling, J. R., & de Jong, P. T. V. M. (2004) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-05681-3_1 · Cited by 1
Geschlechtsspezifische Unterschiede in der Entwicklung trockener, seniler Makulopathien
Mudrich, C., Binder, S., STOLBA, U., & VELIKAY, M. (1995) · Spektrum der Augenheilkunde · doi:10.1007/bf03163793 · Cited by 1
Sun, D. K. (2015) · UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona)
Longville, B. A. C. (2009) · Murdoch University Research Portal
Age-related maculopathy: A genetic and epidemiological approach
Willemse-Assink, J. J. M. (2000) · EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam)
Characterising adaptational dysfunction in age-related macular degeneration
Gaffney, A. J. (2012) · ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)
Jiang, S. (2014) · Texas ScholarWorks (Texas Digital Library)
Kumar, K., Barguja, P., V., S. G. S. R. R., & Kubrey, S. S. (2013) · Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences · doi:10.14260/jemds/1490
SPA-2 : sémiologie du phénotype de la dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge : forme atrophique
Hassani, R. T. J., Tien, V. L., Canouï‐Poitrine, F., Atmani, K., Querques, G., Sterkers, M., Massamba, N., COSCAS, G. J., Soubrane, G., Bastuji‐Garin, S., et al. (2011) · Journal Français d Ophtalmologie · doi:10.1016/j.jfo.2010.10.017
Diabetes and other risk factors in patients with age-related macular degeneration
Mocanu, V., Dégı̀, R., Facskó, A., Vizvári, E., Horhat, R., Timar, R. Z., & Șerban, V. (2013) · Romanian Journal of Diabetes Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases · doi:10.2478/rjdnmd-2013-0036
Evidence for mild blue–yellow colour vision deficits immediately following fluorescein angiography
Sankeralli, M. J. (2000) · Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics · doi:10.1016/s0275-5408(99)00044-7
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF AGE-RELATED MACULOPATHY
Bosman, F. T. (2010)
Combatant eye protection: an introduction to the blue light hazard
Lattimore, M. R. (2016) · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · doi:10.1117/12.2219993
The Ocular Pathological Findings in Professional Baseball Players
KIRSCHEN, D. G., & Laby, D. M. (2019) · Journal of Sports and Performance Vision · doi:10.22374/jspv.v1i1.2
Schäfer, K. (2012) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-1505
Dias, A. S., Burnier, J. V., Bergeron, S., Youhnovska, E. N., Marcotte, E., Belfort, R. N., & Burnier, M. N. (2024) · The Pan-American Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.4103/pajo.pajo_49_23
Tittl, M., Maár, N., & Stur, M. (1999) · Spektrum der Augenheilkunde · doi:10.1007/bf03162762
de Jong, P. T. V. M., Albert Hofman, D., Vingerling, J. R., Dielemans, I., & Grobbee, D. E. (1996) · Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0161-6420(96)30725-2
Biomarcadores de tomografia de coerência óptica em degeneração macular relacionada a idade
Sampaio, I., Novais, E. A., & Roisman, L. (2025) · Revista Brasileira de Oftalmologia · doi:10.37039/1982.8551.2025s3ex0005
Le promoteur du gène SLC16A8, une cible thérapeutique pour la Dégénérescence Maculaire liée à l'âge
Thiébault, L. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/aee789c6z11b3z4486z9441z23a18287c9f5
Development of a Model for Macular Degeneration
Rakoczy, P. E., Lai, M. C., & Constable, I. J. (1997) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5933-7_9
Metadata
- Authors
- Bressler, N. M.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bressler, Neil M.
- ORCID
- Bressler, Neil M.
- Venue
- Archives of Ophthalmology
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1989-06-01
- Volume
- 107
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 847
- ISSN
- 0003-9950 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2081972722
- Cited by
- 251
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 8.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Archives of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Eye Institute (EY-04547)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Retinal Diseases and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Ocular Diseases and Behçet’s Syndrome
- Keywords
- age-related macular degeneration, drusen, prevalence, watermen, Chesapeake Bay, inter-rater reliability, fundus photography, soft drusen
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Atrophy, Cross-Sectional Studies, Exudates and Transudates, Humans, Hyperplasia, Macular Degeneration, Male, Maryland, Middle Aged, Ophthalmoscopy, Photography, Pigment Epithelium of Eye, Population Surveillance, Retina, Retinitis Pigmentosa, Risk Factors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
