Cited by 48Virus-based gene therapy researchRetinal Development and DisordersGlaucoma and retinal disorders

Induction of rapid and highly efficient expression of the human ND4 complex I subunit in the mouse visual system by self-complementary adeno-associated virus

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Koilkonda, Rajeshwari D.·2010·Archives of Ophthalmology

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the high efficiency and rapidity of allotopic expression of a normal human ND4 subunit of complex I in the vertebrate retina using a self-complementary adeno-associated virus (scAAV) vector for ocular gene delivery to treat acute visual loss in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON). METHODS: The nuclear-encoded human ND4 subunit fused to the P1 isoform of subunit C of adenosine triphosphate synthase (ATPc) mitochondrial targeting sequence and FLAG epitope was packaged in scAAV2 capsids or single-stranded (ss) AAV2 capsids. These constructs were injected into the vitreous cavities of mice. The contralateral eyes were injected with scAAV-green fluorescent protein (GFP). One week later, pattern electroretinograms and gene expression of the human ND4 subunit and GFP were evaluated. Quantitative analysis of ND4FLAG-injected eyes was assessed relative to Thy1.2-labeled retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). RESULTS: Pattern electroretinogram amplitudes remained normal in eyes inoculated with scAAV-ND4FLAG, ssAAV-ND4FLAG, and GFP. Confocal microscopy revealed the typical perinuclear mitochondrial expression of scAAV-ND4FLAG in almost the entire retinal flat mount. In contrast, scAAV-GFP expression was cytoplasmic and nuclear. Relative to Thy1.2-positive RGCs, quantification of scAAV-ND4FLAG-positive RGCs was 91% and that of ssAAV-ND4FLAG-positive RGCs was 51%. CONCLUSION: Treatment of acute visual loss due to LHON may be possible with a normal human ND4 subunit gene of complex I, mutated in most cases of LHON, when delivered by an scAAV vector. Clinical Relevance Unlike most retinal degenerations that result in slowly progressive loss of vision over many years, LHON due to mutated mitochondrial DNA results in apoplectic, bilateral severe and usually irreversible visual loss. For rescue of acute visual loss in LHON, a highly efficient and rapid gene expression system is required.

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Crossref · 10.1001/archophthalmol.2010.135

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  • Preclinical studies showed that rAAV2/2-ND4 efficiently rescued complex I dysfunction in cells carrying the m.11778G>A mutation and in an induced rat model of LHON.

    “Preclinical studies showed that rAAV2/2-ND4 efficiently rescued complex I dysfunction in cells carrying the m.11778G>A mutation and in an induced rat model of LHON.[12][13][14][15]”

    From Efficacy and Safety of Intravitreal Gene Therapy for Leber Hereditary Optic Neuropathy Treated within 6 Months of Disease Onset (2021) · cites this paper as [14]

    The Clinical Relevance section (page not provided) reports that normal ND4 expression normalized defective ATP synthesis in LHON cells, but does not establish that rAAV2/2-ND4 produced that rescue. The Comment section (page not provided) reports prevention of visual loss in an induced rat model, but specifies that the ND4 gene was delivered by plasmid electroporation, not AAV. This paper's own mouse results concern efficient ND4 expression rather than rescue of complex I dysfunction. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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  • When compared to ssDNA, lowered rAAV doses of scAAV gene therapy vector can be used to reach similar transgene expression levels in the retina in vivo.

    “When compared to ssDNA, lowered rAAV doses of scAAV gene therapy vector can be used to reach similar transgene expression levels in the retina in vivo [101,152,256,257].”

    From Recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral Vectors (rAAV)-Vector Elements in Ocular Gene Therapy Clinical Trials and Transgene Expression and Bioactivity Assays (2020) · cites this paper as [256]

    The Methods (Intraocular Injections) report a lower dose of scAAV than ssAAV in mice. The Results (Immunohistochemistry) report ND4 expression in 91% of retinal ganglion cells with scAAV versus 51% with ssAAV. This supports greater expression at a lower dose, but the paper does not show that a reduced scAAV dose reaches a similar expression level to ssAAV. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
  • The allotopic expression strategy has been successfully applied in cell models and safely translated in induced rodent LHON models with preservation of RGCs and visual function.

    “This strategy has been successfully applied in cell models and safely translated in induced rodent LHON models with preservation of RGCs and visual function.9–12”

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [2]Harding AE Sweeney MG Govan GG Riordan-Eva P Pedigree analysis in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy families with a pathogenic mtDNA mutation. Am J Hum Genet 1995 57 1 77 86 7611298 PMC1801226
  2. [23]Hauswirth WW Lewin AS Zolotukhin S Muzyczka N Palczewski K Production and purification of recombinant AAV vectors. Vertebrate Phototransduction and the Visual Cycle 2000 743 761 Academic Press Inc Orlando, FL

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Authors
Koilkonda, R. D.
Affiliations
University of Miami (US)
Corresponding author
Koilkonda, Rajeshwari D.
Venue
Archives of Ophthalmology
Published
2010-07-01
Volume
128
Issue
7
Pages
876
ISSN
0003-9950 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2060065962
Cited by
48
References
42
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
2.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Archives of Ophthalmology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
National Eye Institute (P30-EY14801, R24EY018600, R01EY017141, P30EY014801)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Retinal Development and Disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Ophthalmology › Glaucoma and retinal disorders
Keywords
Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy, ocular gene delivery, mitochondrial DNA mutations, retinal ganglion cells, pattern electroretinogram, mitochondrial targeting sequence, intravitreal injection, acute visual loss, retinal degeneration
MeSH terms
Dependovirus, Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Electroretinography, Gene Expression Regulation, Genetic Vectors, Mice, Inbred DBA, NADH Dehydrogenase, Retinal Ganglion Cells, Visual Acuity, Gene Transfer Techniques, Microscopy, Confocal, Thy-1 Antigens, Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect, Electron Transport Complex I, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice

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