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Acute Respiratory Illness in an American Community: The Tecumseh Study
Abstract
Approximately 14,600 cases of respiratory illness in 4,905 residents of Tecumseh, Mich, were studied during a six-year period. The annual incidence of respiratory illness for each individual was calculated. Rates decreased with age except during the 20- to 29-year decade. In children less than 3 years of age, males experienced more illnesses than females; in those older than that, the reverse was true. Frequency of physician consultation varied with illness type. Rhinoviruses were the most frequently isolated pathogen from all illnesses. From those associated with physician consultation, group A hemolytic streptococci were nearly as frequently isolated. More illnesses started on Monday than on any other day of the week. Illness frequency increased with education of head of household, but decreased with family income. Therefore, highest rates were observed in more educated families with low income.
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“children less than one year old have been noted to experience an average of six colds per year; the frequency decreases with age to about three colds per year in older children (10–14 years) [45].”
From Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course (2018) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“The incidence of common cold is lowest in adolescents compared with all other age groups, but increases in adults aged 20–30 years [45]; the risk is likely to be greater in those who come into close contact with children, who are at highest risk.”
From Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course (2018) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“Although certain infections are less likely in older people (for example, the incidence of common cold has been shown to be the lowest those aged over 60 years [45]), the risk of many others such as urinary tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections, skin and soft tissue infections, for example, is greatly increased [65].”
From Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course (2018) · cites this paper as [45]
In the citing paper
“On average, the youngest children have 6–8 and adults 2–4 colds per year.5, 7”
From The common cold (2003) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“The incidence of upper respiratory infections is inversely proportional to age (figure 2 ).”
From The common cold (2003) · cites this paper as [5]
In the citing paper
“During the first years of life, boys seem to have more respiratory infections than girls, but this difference is reversed later in life.5”
From The common cold (2003) · cites this paper as [5]
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“This was interpreted at the time as a difference in perception of an infection as a symptomatic illness, which was related to educational status.(23) We now know the situation might be more complex, with immunologic modifiers and stress related to the frequency of illness, which could be related to educational status…”
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Socioeconomic causes of the recent rise in death rates for 15–24-yr-olds
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Metadata
- Authors
- Monto, A. S.
- Corresponding author
- Monto, Arnold S.
- ORCID
- Monto, Arnold S.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1974-01-14
- Volume
- 227
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 164
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W4292477508
- Cited by
- 297
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Keywords
- acute respiratory illness, incidence, age differences, sex differences, rhinovirus, Streptococcus pyogenes, physician consultation, seasonal variation, household education, household income, Tecumseh, Michigan
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