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Detecting Alcoholism: The CAGE Questionnaire
Abstract
Four clinical interview questions, the CAGE questions, have proved useful in helping to make a diagnosis of alcoholism. The questions focus on Cutting down, Annoyance by criticism, Guilty feeling, and Eye-openers. The acronym "CAGE" helps the physician to recall the questions. How these questions were identified and their use in clinical and research studies are described. (JAMA1984;252:1905-1907)
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“Για την ποσοτική αξιολόγηση της τρέχουσας καταθλιπτικής και αγχώδους συμπτωματολογίας, καθώς και της προβληματικής κατανάλωσης αλκοόλ, χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, αντίστοιχα, οι κλίμακες Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9 27,28 ), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI 29,30 ) και CAGE. 31,32”
From Clinical presentation and requests for support of people with HIV/AIDS seeking counselling and psychotherapy in Greece (2019) · cites this paper as [31]
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SAUNDERS, J. B., AASLAND, O. G., BABOR, T. F., DE LA FUENTE, J. R., & GRANT, M. (1993) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x · Cited by 13,597
Case-finding instruments for depression: Two questions are as good as many
Whooley, M. A., Avins, A. L., Miranda, J., & Browner, W. S. (1997) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1046/j.1525-1497.1997.00076.x · Cited by 1,826
Current Concepts in Validity and Reliability for Psychometric Instruments: Theory and Application
Cook, D. A., & Beckman, T. J. (2006) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2005.10.036 · Cited by 1,745
“Frequently these outcomes are ssessed using instruments such as scales, questionnaires, ducation tests, and observer ratings that attempt to measure actors such as symptoms, attitudes, knowledge, or skills in arious settings of medical practice (Table 1).(1-9) For the urposes of this article, we will refer to all such…”
BackgroundPrimary Care: Is There Enough Time for Prevention?
Yarnall, K. S. H., Pollak, K. I., Østbye, T., Krause, K. M., & Michener, J. L. (2003) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.93.4.635 · Cited by 1,641
The SCOFF questionnaire: Assessment of a new screening tool for eating disorders
Morgan, J. F., Reid, F., & Lacey, J. H. (1999) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.319.7223.1467 · Cited by 1,416
Metadata
- Authors
- Ewing, J. A.
- Corresponding author
- Ewing, John A.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1984-10-12
- Volume
- 252
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 1905
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W4254121089
- Cited by
- 3,005
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 67 · 2023: 80 · 2022: 103 · 2021: 103 · 2020: 186 · 2019: 114 · 2018: 128 · 2017: 130 · 2016: 136 · 2015: 142 · 2014: 144 · 2013: 137 · 2012: 133
- FWCI
- 5.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- alcoholism, CAGE questionnaire, screening questions, clinical interview, diagnostic criteria
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