The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Brain Infarction and the Clinical Expression of Alzheimer Disease<subtitle>The Nun Study</subtitle>
Abstract
Objective. —To determine the relationship of brain infarction to the clinical expression of Alzheimer disease (AD). Design. —Cognitive function and the prevalence of dementia were determined for participants in the Nun Study who later died. At autopsy, lacunar and larger brain infarcts were identified, and senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the neocortex were quantitated. Participants with abundant senile plaques and some neurofibrillary tangles in the neocortex were classified as having met the neuropathologic criteria for AD. Setting. —Convents in the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southern United States. Participants. —A total of 102 college-educated women aged 76 to 100 years. Main Outcome Measures. —Cognitive function assessed by standard tests and dementia and AD assessed by clinical and neuropathologic criteria. Results. —Among 61 participants who met the neuropathologic criteria for AD, those with brain infarcts had poorer cognitive function and a higher prevalence of dementia than those without infarcts. Participants with lacunar infarcts in the basal ganglia, thalamus, or deep white matter had an especially high prevalence of dementia, compared with those without infarcts (the odds ratio [OR] for dementia was 20.7,95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.5-288.0). Fewer neuropathologic lesions of AD appeared to result in dementia in those with lacunar infarcts in the basal ganglia, thalamus, or deep white matter than in those without infarcts. In contrast, among 41 participants who did not meet the neuropathologic criteria for AD, brain infarcts were only weakly associated with poor cognitive function and dementia. Among all 102 participants, atherosclerosis of the circle of Willis was strongly associated with lacunar and large brain infarcts. Conclusion. —These findings suggest that cerebrovascular disease may play an important role in determining the presence and severity of the clinical symptoms of AD.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Population-autopsy series verified the high frequency and pathogenetic importance of combined Alzheimer disease and vascular disease in the expression of dementia as mentioned previously.”
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, vascular lesions can lower the threshold for the clinical manifestation of Alzheimer disease.”
In the citing paper
“Several studies have found that in patients with Alzheimer disease and cerebrovascular disease, less Alzheimer disease pathology is needed to express the dementia syndrome.”
In the citing paper
“typically are accompanied by Alzheimer disease and other pathologies.”
In the citing paper
“Infarcts frequently coexist with Alzheimer disease pathology in the brains of older people.”
In the citing paper
“One study showed that only people with Alzheimer disease pathology with subcortical infarcts had dementia, raising the possibility of an interaction (a multiplicative effect) between the 2 pathologies.”
In the citing paper
“It is now accepted that many of the traditional risk factors for stroke are also risk markers for Alzheimer disease and VCI.16,31,340,484–491”
In the citing paper
“Lacunes are frequently seen on imaging in elderly patients with no symptoms”
From Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration (2013) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“are associated with an increased risk of stroke, gait impairment, and dementia.”
From Neuroimaging standards for research into small vessel disease and its contribution to ageing and neurodegeneration (2013) · cites this paper as [25]
In the citing paper
“Cerebrovascular effects of APOE4 are associated with AD, stroke, and brain hemorrhage (314, 506, 549, 614, 693).”
From Blood-Brain Barrier: From Physiology to Disease and Back (2019) · cites this paper as [549]
In the citing paper
“Classical anatomic locations for strategic infarcts include the thalamus, angular gyrus, and basal ganglia, including the caudate nucleus and globus pallidus. 52-57”
From Vascular Cognitive Impairment (2017) · cites this paper as [56]
In the citing paper
“A single small infarct may cause severe cognitive deficits when located in a strategic brain region.”
From Vascular Cognitive Impairment (2017) · cites this paper as [56]
In the citing paper
“However, vascular brain lesions lower the threshold of AD pathology required to induce dementia. 56,100-102”
From Vascular Cognitive Impairment (2017) · cites this paper as [56]
In the citing paper
“Earlier studies have suggested a multiplicative effect between vascular and AD-type pathology on cognitive decline, 56 whereas recent studies indicate that the effects are additive. 49,100,105”
From Vascular Cognitive Impairment (2017) · cites this paper as [56]
In the citing paper
“many older individuals with dementia suffer from a combination of vascular and Alzheimer-type pathology with an additive effect on cognition,19”
From Diagnostic Criteria for Vascular Cognitive Disorders: A VASCOG Statement (2014) · cites this paper as [19]
In the citing paper
“On the other hand, in older individuals with moderate AD pathology subcortical vascular lesions are a major determinant of the expression of the dementia (Esiri et al., 1999; Schneider et al., 2007b; Snowdon et al., 1997).”
From The Pathobiology of Vascular Dementia (2013) · cites this paper as Snowdon et al., 1997
In the citing paper
“it seems reasonable to postulate that insulin resistance and T2D could increase AD risk through cerebrovascular disease, a factor increasingly accepted to be important in AD manifestation [5, 19-21].”
From Metformin in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: Results of a Pilot Randomized Placebo Controlled Clinical Trial (2016) · cites this paper as [5]
Citations
Cites
The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 801–900 of 1,644
Treating Hypertension to Prevent Cognitive Decline and Dementia: Re-Opening the Debate
Iulita, M. F., & Girouard, H. (2016) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/5584_2016_98 · Cited by 37
Alzheimer’s Disease: From Pathogenesis to Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy – Bridging the Missing Link
Hu, J., & Wang, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2021.811852 · Cited by 42
Poststroke Dementia in the Elderly
Mackowiak‐Cordoliani, M., Bombois, S. P., Mémin, A., H�non, H., & Pasquier, F. (2005) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.2165/00002512-200522060-00003 · Cited by 35
Alzheimer's Disease—Current Status and Future Directions
Bhardwaj, D., Mitra, C., Narasimhulu, C. A., Riad, A., Doomra, M., & Parthasarathy, S. (2017) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2017.0093 · Cited by 37
Ramos‐Miguel, A., Jones, A. A., Sawada, K., Barr, A. M., Bayer, T. A., Falkai, P., Leurgans, S. E., Schneider, J. A., Bennett, D. A., & Honer, W. G. (2018) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2018.02.006 · Cited by 37
Peters, R. K., Beckett, N. S., Nunes, M., FLETCHER, A. E., Forette, F. O., & Bulpitt, C. J. (2006) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.2165/00002512-200623010-00008 · Cited by 37
Patterns of Neuropsychological Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease and Mixed Dementia
Dong, Y., Gan, D. Z. Q., Tay, S. Z., Koay, W. I., Collinson, S. L., Hilal, S., Venketasubramanian, N., & Chen, C. (2013) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2013.05.011 · Cited by 36
The correlation between neuropathology levels and cognitive performance in centenarians
Zhang, M., Ganz, A. B., Rohde, S. K., Lorenz, L. M. C., Rozemüller, A. J. M., van Vliet, K., Graat, M., Sikkes, S. A. M., Reinders, M. J. T., Scheltens, P., et al. (2023) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13087 · Cited by 34
Role of Homocysteine in Cognitive Impairement and Alzheimer’s Disease
Bhargava, S., Bhandari, A., & Choudhury, S. (2017) · Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s12291-017-0646-5 · Cited by 36
Davies, T. A., Long, H. J., Eisenhauer, P. B., Hastey, R., Cribbs, D. H., Fine, R. E., & Simons, E. R. (2000) · Amyloid · doi:10.3109/13506120009146830 · Cited by 36
Interaction Between a Rat Model of Cerebral Ischemia and β-Amyloid Toxicity
Whitehead, S. N., Cheng, G., Hachinski, V., & Cechetto, D. F. (2005) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000173405.02425.d6 · Cited by 36
What are the facts and artifacts of the pathogenensis and etiology of Alzheimer disease?
Smith, M. A., & Perry, G. L. (1998) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/s0891-0618(98)00061-1 · Cited by 36
Vascular-ischemic dementia: an update
Jellinger, K. A. (2002) · Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6139-5_1 · Cited by 36
Wu, Z., Chen, C., Kang, S. S., Liu, X., Gu, X., Yu, S. P., Keene, C. D., Cheng, L., & Ye, K. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2100986118 · Cited by 34
Clinical evaluation: a systematic but user-friendly approach
López, O. L., & Wolk, D. A. (2009) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511575976.004 · Cited by 35
Kooistra, M., Geerlings, M. I., van der Graaf, Y., Mali, W. P. T. M., Vincken, K. L., Kappelle, L. J., Muller, M., & Biessels, G. J. (2013) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2013.07.004 · Cited by 34
Associations of Vascular Risk and Amyloid Burden with Subsequent Dementia
Gottesman, R. F., Wu, A., Coresh, J., Knopman, D. S., Jack, C. R., Rahmim, A., Sharrett, A. R., Spira, A. P., Wong, D. F., Wagenknecht, L. E., et al. (2022) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.26447 · Cited by 37
Lipoprotein profile in older patients with vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease
Zuliani, G., Blè, A., Zanca, R., Munari, M. R., Zurlo, A., Vavalle, C., Atti, A. R., & Fellin, R. (2001) · BMC Geriatrics · doi:10.1186/1471-2318-1-5 · Cited by 35
Butyrylcholinesterase genotype and gender influence Alzheimer's disease phenotype
Lane, R. M., & He, Y. (2012) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2010.12.005 · Cited by 35
McDonald, R. J., Craig, L. A., & Hong, N. S. (2008) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06151.x · Cited by 35
Winblad, B. G., Carfagna, N., Bonura, L., Rossini, B. M., Wong, E. H. F., & Battaglia, A. (2000) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.2165/00023210-200014040-00003 · Cited by 35
Anti-oxidants and cognitive function: a review of clinical and epidemiologic studies
Launer, L. J., & Kalmijn, S. (1998) · Journal of neural transmission. Supplementum · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-6467-9_1 · Cited by 34
What are the mechanisms for post-stroke dementia?
Hennerici, M. G. (2009) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(09)70261-3 · Cited by 35
Comorbid Rat Model of Ischemia and β‐Amyloid Toxicity: Striatal and Cortical Degeneration
Amtul, Z., Whitehead, S. N., Keeley, R. J., Bechberger, J. F., Fisher, A. L., McDonald, R. J., Naus, C. C. G., Muñoz, D. G., & Cechetto, D. F. (2014) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/bpa.12149 · Cited by 34
Targeting Infectious Agents as a Therapeutic Strategy in Alzheimer’s Disease
Fülöp, T., Munawara, U., Larbi, A., Desroches, M., Rodrigues, S., Catanzaro, M., Guidolin, A., Khalil, A., Bernier, F., Barron, A. E., et al. (2020) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-020-00737-1 · Cited by 32
The Epidemiology of vascular dementia
Román, G. C. (2008) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/s0072-9752(07)01259-6 · Cited by 34
Biomarkers of cerebrovascular disease in dementia
Mills, S. J., Cain, J. R., Purandare, N. B., & Jackson, A. (2007) · British Journal of Radiology · doi:10.1259/bjr/79217686 · Cited by 34
Cultural Diversity in Alzheimer Disease
Chui, H. C., & Gatz, M. (2005) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/01.wad.0000190802.03717.20 · Cited by 33
Iwasaki, K., Egashira, N., Hatip‐Al‐Khatib, I., Akiyoshi, Y., Arai, T., Takagaki, Y., Watanabe, T., Mishima, K., & Fujiwara, M. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.04.073 · Cited by 34
Diet and Age Interactions with Regards to Cholesterol Regulation and Brain Pathogenesis
Uranga, R. M., & Keller, J. N. (2010) · Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research · doi:10.1155/2010/219683 · Cited by 36
Cerebrovascular disease and dementia
Onyike, C. U. (2006) · International Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1080/09540260600935421 · Cited by 34
An overview of common non-alzheimer dementias
Knopman, D. S. (2001) · Clinics in Geriatric Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-0690(05)70069-0 · Cited by 34
Hanon, O., Seux, M. L., Lenoir, H., Rigaud, A.-S., & Forette, F. (2003) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-003-0104-2 · Cited by 34
Preliminary Results from an MRI/CT‐Based Database for Vascular Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease
Scheltens, P., & Kittner, B. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06411.x · Cited by 34
Neuropathology of Alzheimer's Disease and its Variants
Duyckaerts, C. J., & Dickson, D. W. (2011) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781444341256.ch10 · Cited by 36
Bermejo‐Pareja, F., & del Ser, T. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13020536 · Cited by 39
Why therapies for Alzheimer’s disease do not work: Do we have consensus over the path to follow?
Amtul, Z. (2015) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2015.09.003 · Cited by 35
Cognitive Deficits in Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Surgical Candidates
Jackson, D. C., Sandoval-Garcia, C., Rocque, B. G., Wilbrand, S. M., Mitchell, C., Hermann, B. P., & Dempsey, R. J. (2015) · Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology · doi:10.1093/arclin/acv082 · Cited by 33
Endothelial‐derived plasma exosome proteins in Alzheimer’s disease angiopathy
Abner, E. L., Elahi, F. M., Jicha, G. A., Mustapić, M., Al‐Janabi, O. M., Kramer, J. H., Kapogiannis, D., & Goetzl, E. J. (2020) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202000034r · Cited by 34
Long term changes in phospho-APP and tau aggregation in the 3xTg-AD mice following cerebral ischemia
Koike, M. A., Garcia, F., Kitazawa, M., Green, K. N., & LaFerla, F. M. (2011) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2011.03.034 · Cited by 33
Neuroimaging Determinants of Cognitive Performances in Stroke Associated With Small Vessel Disease
Mok, V., Chang, C., Wong, A., Lam, W. W. M., Richards, P. S., Wong, K. T., & Wong, K. S. (2005) · Journal of Neuroimaging · doi:10.1111/j.1552-6569.2005.tb00297.x · Cited by 33
Chakravarty, A. (2004) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2004.03.029 · Cited by 33
Volpato, S., Maraldi, C., Blè, A., Ranzini, M., Atti, A. R., Dominguez, L. J., Barbagallo, M., Fellin, R., & Zuliani, G. (2004) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000121648.74433.b5 · Cited by 33
The “Alzheimerization” of Dementia Research
Royall, D. R. (2003) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1046/j.1532-5415.2003.51072.x · Cited by 33
Does Stroke Contribute to Racial Differences in Cognitive Decline?
Levine, D. A., Kabeto, M. U., Langa, K. M., Lisabeth, L. D., Rogers, M. A. M., & Gałecki, A. T. (2015) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.008156 · Cited by 31
Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Stroke
D’Souza, C. E., Greenway, M. R. F., Graff‐Radford, J., & Meschia, J. F. (2021) · Seminars in Neurology · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1722217 · Cited by 35
Lang, F., Hoerr, R., Nöldner, M., & Koch, E. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-0442-2_11 · Cited by 32
The Burden of Dementia: A Medical and Research Perspective
Antuono, P., & Beyer, J. (1999) · Metamedicine · doi:10.1023/a:1009915605467 · Cited by 32
Mild Cognitive Impairment and the 7 Uses of Epidemiology
Ganguli, M. (2006) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/00002093-200607001-00007 · Cited by 33
Alves, L., Simões, M. R., Martins, C., Freitas, S., & Santana, I. J. (2013) · Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology · doi:10.1177/0891988713484194 · Cited by 32
The ApoE ε4 Isoform: Can the Risk of Diseases be Reduced by Environmental Factors?
Bos, M. M., Noordam, R., Blauw, G. J., Slagboom, P. E., Rensen, P. C. N., & van Heemst, D. (2018) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/gly226 · Cited by 32
Neuropathological correlates to clinically defined dementia with Lewy bodies
Londos, E., Passant, U., Gustafson, L., & Brun, A. (2001) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.403 · Cited by 32
Erkinjuntti, T., Skoog, I. G., Lane, R. M., & Andrews, C. (2003) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2003.tb10609.x · Cited by 31
Acute Myocardial Infarction and Risk of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: A Review
Thong, E. H., Quek, J. W. E., Loo, J. H., Yun, C.-Y., Teo, Y. N., Teo, Y. H., Leow, A. S., Li, T. Y., Sharma, V. K., Tan, B. Y., et al. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12081154 · Cited by 31
Cognitive synaptopathy: synaptic and dendritic spine dysfunction in age-related cognitive disorders
Barrantes, F. J. (2024) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2024.1476909 · Cited by 37
The immunology of stroke and dementia
Iadecola, C., & Anrather, J. (2025) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2024.12.008 · Cited by 37
Vascular risk factors and cognitive disorders
Debette, S. (2013) · Revue Neurologique · doi:10.1016/j.neurol.2013.07.022 · Cited by 33
Hyperglycaemia in acute lacunar stroke: A Chinese hospital-based study
Fang, Y., Zhang, S., Wu, B., & Liu, M. (2012) · Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research · doi:10.1177/1479164112459663 · Cited by 31
Robinson, A., Davidson, Y. S., Horan, M. A., Pendleton, N., & Mann, D. M. A. (2018) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-180171 · Cited by 29
Interhemispheric Distribution of Alzheimer Disease and Vascular Pathology in Brain Aging
Giannakopoulos, P., Kövari, E., Herrmann, F. R., Hof, P. R., & Bouras, C. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.108.530337 · Cited by 31
Sheng, B., Cheng, L. F., Law, C. B., Li, H. L., Yeung, K. M., & Lau, K. K. (2007) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01171.x · Cited by 31
Relevance of White Matter Changes to Pre‐ and Poststroke Dementia
Pasquier, F., Hénon, H., & Leys, D. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06400.x · Cited by 31
Arendash, G. W., Su, G. C., Crawford, F., Bjugstad, K. B., & MULLAN, M. J. (1999) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(99)00239-6 · Cited by 33
Alzheimer's disease: current and future therapeutic perspectives
Gauthier, S. G. (2001) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0278-5846(00)00149-4 · Cited by 31
Paris, D., Ganey, N., Banasiak, M., Laporte, V., Patel, N., Mullan, M., Murphy, S. F., Yee, G.-T., Bachmeier, C., Ganey, C., et al. (2010) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2586-10.2010 · Cited by 30
Association of white matter hyperintensities with cognitive decline and neurodegeneration
Li, T., Li, B.-L., Xu, X., Zhong, J., Wang, T.-S., Liu, F., & Initiative, T. A. D. N. (2024) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2024.1412735 · Cited by 35
Wijesinghe, P., Shankar, S. K., Yasha, T. C., Gorrie, C. A., Amaratunga, D., Hulathduwa, S., Kumara, K. S., Samarasinghe, K., Suh, Y., Steinbusch, H. W. M., et al. (2016) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-160425 · Cited by 30
Dementia: Paradigm shifting into high gear
Hachinski, V. (2019) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.006 · Cited by 30
Toppala, S., Ekblad, L. L., Lötjönen, J. M. P., Helin, S., Hurme, S. A. M., Johansson, J. J., Jula, A., Karrasch, M., Koikkalainen, J. R., Laine, H. K., et al. (2019) · Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.3233/jad-190691 · Cited by 32
Harrass, S., Yi, C., & Chen, H. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222011207 · Cited by 31
Falsetti, L., Viticchi, G., Zaccone, V., Guerrieri, E., Moroncini, G., Luzzi, S., & Silvestrini, M. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10020439 · Cited by 30
Abulia and cognitive impairment in two patients with capsular genu infarct
Pantoni, L., Basile, A. M., Romanelli, M. N., Piccini, C., Sarti, C., Nencini, P., & Inzitari, D. (2001) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0404.2001.00370.x · Cited by 30
Blood-Based Protein Biomarkers for Diagnosis and Classification of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Noelker, C., Hampel, H. J., & Dodel, R. C. (2011) · Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy · doi:10.1007/bf03256398 · Cited by 29
Suo, Z., Su, G. C., Placzek, A. N., Kundtz, A., Humphrey, J., Crawford, F., & MULLAN, M. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06363.x · Cited by 30
Gender Differences in Alzheimer Disease
Webber, K. M., Casadesús, G., Perry, G. L., Atwood, C., Bowen, R. L., & Smith, M. A. (2005) · Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders · doi:10.1097/01.wad.0000165512.90864.3f · Cited by 30
Pharmacogenomics in cardiovascular diseases
Mukherjee, D., & Topol, E. J. (2002) · Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1053/pcad.2002.123467 · Cited by 29
Gasperi, R. D., Sosa, M. A. G., Dracheva, S. M., & Elder, G. A. (2010) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/1750-1326-5-38 · Cited by 31
Vascular characteristics of patients with dementia
Morović, S., Jurašić, M.-J., Martinić Popović, I., Šerić, V., Lisak, M., & Demarin, V. (2009) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.02.330 · Cited by 29
Oh, I. Y., Schindler, S. E., Ghoshal, N., Lai, A. M., Payne, P., & Gupta, A. (2023) · JAMIA Open · doi:10.1093/jamiaopen/ooad014 · Cited by 30
Secondary neurodegeneration following Stroke: what can blood biomarkers tell us?
Brunelli, S., Giannella, E., Bizzaglia, M., Angelis, D. D., & Sancesario, G. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2023.1198216 · Cited by 30
Cardiovascular Prevention of Cognitive Decline
Monsuez, J.-J., Gesquière‐Dando, A., & Rivera, S. (2011) · Cardiology Research and Practice · doi:10.4061/2011/250970 · Cited by 29
Management of dementia with a cerebrovascular component
Bocti, C., Black, S. E., & Frank, C. (2007) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2007.07.009 · Cited by 29
Cerebral microbleeds topography and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in cognitive impairment
Shams, S., Granberg, T., Martola, J., Charidimou, A., Li, X., Shams, M., Fereshtehnejad, S., Cavallin, L., Aspelin, P., Wiberg, M. K., et al. (2016) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x16649401 · Cited by 29
Development of a Multicomponent Intervention to Prevent Alzheimer's Disease
Saitô, S., Yamamoto, Y., & Ihara, M. (2019) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2019.00490 · Cited by 30
Dementia and Alzheimer's disease: A new direction. The 2010 Jay L. Foster Memorial Lecture
Kuller, L. H., & López, O. L. (2011) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.901 · Cited by 31
Erkinjuntti, T., Gauthier, S. G., Bullock, R. M., Kurz, A., Hammond, G., Schwalen, S., Zhu, Y., & Brashear, R. H. (2008) · Journal of Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1177/0269881107083028 · Cited by 29
DeMichele‐Sweet, M. A. A., López, O. L., & Sweet, R. A. (2011) · International Journal of Alzheimer s Disease · doi:10.4061/2011/926597 · Cited by 29
Giordano, N., Tikhonoff, V., Palatini, P., Bascelli, A., Boschetti, G., Lazzari, F. D., Grasselli, C., Martini, B., Caffi, S., Piccoli, A., et al. (2012) · International Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1155/2012/274851 · Cited by 29
Hallacoglu, B., Sassaroli, A., Fantini, S., & Troen, A. M. (2011) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2011.13 · Cited by 28
The War (on Terror) on Alzheimer’s
George, D. R., & Whitehouse, P. J. (2012) · Dementia · doi:10.1177/1471301212451382 · Cited by 29
Shifting Paradigms in Dementia
van der Flier, W. M., Barkhof, F., & Scheltens, P. (2007) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1196/annals.1379.013 · Cited by 31
Dementia: an update to refresh your memory
LoGiudice, D. (2002) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1046/j.1445-5994.2002.00294.x · Cited by 29
Treatment of hypertension and prevention of dementia
Hanon, O., & Forette, F. (2005) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2005.06.022 · Cited by 30
Vascular nitric oxide may lessen Alzheimer's risk
McCarty, M. F. (1998) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/s0306-9877(98)90066-4 · Cited by 30
Semplicini, A., Inverso, G., Realdi, A., Macchini, L., Maraffon, M., Puato, M., Zanardo, M., Tirrito, C., Amodio, P., Schiff, S., et al. (2010) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/jhh.2010.28 · Cited by 29
Senda, J., Ito, K., KOTAKE, T., Kanamori, M., Kishimoto, H., Kadono, I., Suzuki, Y., Katsuno, M., Nishida, Y., Ishiguro, N., et al. (2015) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.010682 · Cited by 28
Cognitive Function and Incidence of Stroke in Older Mexican Americans
Ostir, G. V., Raji, M. A., Ottenbacher, K. J., Markides, K. S., & Goodwin, J. S. (2003) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/58.6.m531 · Cited by 28
George, D. R., Qualls, S. H., Camp, C. J., & Whitehouse, P. J. (2012) · The Gerontologist · doi:10.1093/geront/gns096 · Cited by 28
Treatment of Vascular Dementia and Vascular Cognitive Impairment
Demaerschalk, B. M., & Wingerchuk, D. M. (2007) · The Neurologist · doi:10.1097/01.nrl.0000252919.46622.28 · Cited by 27
Valenzuela, M., Esler, M., Ritchie, K. A., & Brodaty, H. (2012) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2012.28 · Cited by 29
Metadata
- Authors
- Snowdon, D. A.
- Corresponding author
- Snowdon, David A.
- ORCID
- Snowdon, David A.
- Venue
- JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 1997-03-12
- Volume
- 277
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 813
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W4296588155
- Cited by
- 1,590
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 74 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 71 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 74
- FWCI
- 34.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG009862, P50AG005144, KO4AG00553)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- Alzheimer's disease, cerebral infarction, lacunar infarction, dementia, cognitive function, amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, cerebrovascular disease, atherosclerosis, circle of Willis, thalamic infarction, basal ganglia infarcts, older women, neuropathology
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
