The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Association of Thyroid Function Test Abnormalities and Thyroid Autoimmunity With Preterm Birth: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
Importance: Maternal hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are risk factors for preterm birth. Milder thyroid function test abnormalities and thyroid autoimmunity are more prevalent, but it remains controversial if these are associated with preterm birth. Objective: To study if maternal thyroid function test abnormalities and thyroid autoimmunity are risk factors for preterm birth. Data Sources and Study Selection: Studies were identified through a search of the Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar databases from inception to March 18, 2018, and by publishing open invitations in relevant journals. Data sets from published and unpublished prospective cohort studies with data on thyroid function tests (thyrotropin [often referred to as thyroid-stimulating hormone or TSH] and free thyroxine [FT4] concentrations) or thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibody measurements and gestational age at birth were screened for eligibility by 2 independent reviewers. Studies in which participants received treatment based on abnormal thyroid function tests were excluded. Data Extraction and Synthesis: The primary authors provided individual participant data that were analyzed using mixed-effects models. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was preterm birth (<37 weeks' gestational age). Results: From 2526 published reports, 35 cohorts were invited to participate. After the addition of 5 unpublished data sets, a total of 19 cohorts were included. The study population included 47 045 pregnant women (mean age, 29 years; median gestational age at blood sampling, 12.9 weeks), of whom 1234 (3.1%) had subclinical hypothyroidism (increased thyrotropin concentration with normal FT4 concentration), 904 (2.2%) had isolated hypothyroxinemia (decreased FT4 concentration with normal thyrotropin concentration), and 3043 (7.5%) were TPO antibody positive; 2357 (5.0%) had a preterm birth. The risk of preterm birth was higher for women with subclinical hypothyroidism than euthyroid women (6.1% vs 5.0%, respectively; absolute risk difference, 1.4% [95% CI, 0%-3.2%]; odds ratio [OR], 1.29 [95% CI, 1.01-1.64]). Among women with isolated hypothyroxinemia, the risk of preterm birth was 7.1% vs 5.0% in euthyroid women (absolute risk difference, 2.3% [95% CI, 0.6%-4.5%]; OR, 1.46 [95% CI, 1.12-1.90]). In continuous analyses, each 1-SD higher maternal thyrotropin concentration was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth (absolute risk difference, 0.2% [95% CI, 0%-0.4%] per 1 SD; OR, 1.04 [95% CI, 1.00-1.09] per 1 SD). Thyroid peroxidase antibody-positive women had a higher risk of preterm birth vs TPO antibody-negative women (6.6% vs 4.9%, respectively; absolute risk difference, 1.6% [95% CI, 0.7%-2.8%]; OR, 1.33 [95% CI, 1.15-1.56]). Conclusions and Relevance: Among pregnant women without overt thyroid disease, subclinical hypothyroidism, isolated hypothyroxinemia, and TPO antibody positivity were significantly associated with higher risk of preterm birth. These results provide insights toward optimizing clinical decision-making strategies that should consider the potential harms and benefits of screening programs and levothyroxine treatment during pregnancy.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In young fertile women, the consequences of undertreatment with LT4 are subnormal fertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, compromised fetal growth, and neurocognitive development.”
From Risks of suboptimal and excessive thyroid hormone replacement across ages (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“In young fertile women, the consequences of undertreatment with LT4 are subnormal fertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, compromised fetal growth, and neurocognitive development.”
From Risks of suboptimal and excessive thyroid hormone replacement across ages (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“In young fertile women, the consequences of undertreatment with LT4 are subnormal fertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, compromised fetal growth, and neurocognitive development.”
From Risks of suboptimal and excessive thyroid hormone replacement across ages (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“Specifically in pregnancy, the LT4 treatment is not only important to the woman, but also to secure a sufficient placental transfer of T4, which is needed for fetal development and to reduce adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pregnancy loss and preterm birth [23, 24].”
From Risks of suboptimal and excessive thyroid hormone replacement across ages (2023) · cites this paper as [23]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
mice: Multivariate Imputation by Chained Equations in R
Buuren, S. V., & Groothuis-Oudshoorn, K. (2011) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v045.i03 · Cited by 13,870
Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth
Goldenberg, R. L., Culhane, J. F., Iams, J. D., & Romero, R. (2008) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60074-4 · Cited by 7,801
(2010) · University of Twente Research Information · Cited by 6,037
Blencowe, H., Cousens, S., Oestergaard, M. Z., Chou, D., Moller, A.-B., Narwal, R., Adler, A., Vera Garcia, C., Rohde, S., Say, L., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60820-4 · Cited by 4,568
Liu, L., Oza, S., Hogan, D., Chu, Y., Perin, J., Zhu, J., Lawn, J. E., Cousens, S., Mathers, C., & Black, R. E. (2016) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31593-8 · Cited by 3,453
Stagnaro-Green, A., Abalovich, M., Alexander, E., Azizi, F., Mestman, J., Negro, R., Nixon, A., Pearce, E. N., Soldin, O. P., Sullivan, S., et al. (2011) · Thyroid · doi:10.1089/thy.2011.0087 · Cited by 2,942
Self-citationAlexander, E. K., Pearce, E. N., Brent, G. A., Brown, R. S., Chen, H., Dosiou, C., Grobman, W. A., Laurberg, P., Lazarus, J. H., Mandel, S. J., et al. (2017) · Thyroid® · doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0457 · Cited by 2,731
Self-citationIntrauterine infection and preterm delivery
Goldenberg, R. L., Hauth, J. C., & Andrews, W. W. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200005183422007 · Cited by 2,548
Preterm labor: One syndrome, many causes
Romero, R., Dey, S. K., & Fisher, S. J. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1251816 · Cited by 1,984
Bacterial vaginosis as a risk factor for preterm delivery: A meta-analysis
Leitich, H., Bodner‐Adler, B., Brunbauer, M., Kaider, A., Egarter, C., & Husslein, P. W. (2003) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1067/mob.2003.339 · Cited by 735
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–377 of 377
Etman, M. K., El-Hafeez, G. M. A., Bakry, M. S., & Elbaradie, S. M. Y. (2023) · International Journal of Childbirth · doi:10.1891/ijc-2023-0025
Kumar, R., Roy, A., & Bharmal, V. S. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-5423-0_5
Thyroid Autoimmunity and Pregnancy
Sridharan, K. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-5423-0_4
Neutralizing and decoupling the effects of lithium medicationPreprint
Ahmed, I., Khan, M. S., Magsi, H., Rizvi, S. M. A., Aziz, T. A., Lashari, N. U. R., Ali, Z., Zhang, Y., Alda, M., Bergink, V., et al. (2024) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3852850/v1
Kiran, Z., Khoja, A. A., Khushk, I. A., Sheikh, A., & Islam, N. (2024) · Archives of Iranian Medicine · doi:10.34172/aim.28564 · Cited by 1
Mégier, C., Gricourt, S., Dumery, G., Maione, L., & Luton, D. (2024) · EMC - Ginecología-Obstetricia · doi:10.1016/s1283-081x(24)49687-2
Pregnancy After Beating Thyroid Cancer: A Case Series
Ganti, S., Ethirajan, S., Srinivasan, J., & Senathirajah, T. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.72122
Assessing the impact of a dedicated referral and management algorithm in maternal hypothyroidism
KNOTT, J. A., Bennett, M. J., & Brzozowska, M. M. (2024) · Minerva Endocrinology · doi:10.23736/s2724-6507.24.04265-9
Desvelando Secretos Hormonales
Ramos, A. F. G., Monsalve, C., Arango, J. F. B., Henao, N. A., Gómez, N. B., & López, W. (2024) · Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Córdoba · doi:10.31053/1853.0605.v81.n4.44304
Derakhshan, A., Ghassabian, A., Trasande, L., & Korevaar, T. I. M. (2025) · Thyroid Research · doi:10.1186/s13044-024-00218-3
Self-citationXu, D., Wang, X., Yang, X., & Cheng, W. (2025) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-5927270/v1
Panteliadis, C. P., Häusler, M., & Platt, M. J. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-71571-6_5
A 23-Year-Old Primigravida at 8 Weeks’ Gestation with Fatigue, Constipation, and Cold Intolerance
Leon, J. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009413787.038
Sankoda, A., Umehara, N., Okubo, Y., SATO, S. T., Wada, S., & Arata, N. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5270390
Association of ambient air pollutants with maternal thyroid hormones during the entire pregnancy
Guo, F., Pan, X., Gu, S., Xu, Q., Duan, J., Wang, X., Chen, Z., Fu, Q., Mao, G., Xu, P., et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-09126-4
Thakur, M., Rana, D., & Verma, M. (2025) · International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20253083
Zhang, B., Chen, X., Zhao, X., Wu, J., Pan, Q., & Zhang, W. (2025) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s519600
Oğuz, A., Özer, A., Kılınç, M., Doğaner, A., Özbay, Ü. N., & Gül, K. (2025) · Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness · doi:10.1017/dmp.2025.10227
Bliddal, S., Ahmed, H. P., Nielsen, H. S., & Feldt-Rasmussen, U. (2025) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13825-6.00168-0
Self-citationWu, M., Chi, C., Yang, Y., Guo, S., Li, T., Gu, M., Zhang, T., Gao, H., Liu, R., & Yin, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20382003
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646718
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646712
Serum autoantibodies and assisted reproduction: A systematic review
Misirgis, M., Gkouvi, A., Mintziori, G., Grammatikopoulou, M. G., Bogdanos, D. P., & Goulis, D. (2026) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2026.104186
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646703
Chen, G.-D., Gou, X.-Y., Pang, T.-T., Li, P.-S., Zhou, Z.-X., Lin, D.-X., Fan, D.-Z., Guo, X.-L., Wang, L.-J., & Liu, Z.-P. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19211367
Jiang, H., Chen, L., Huang, N., Shi, H., Chi, H., Yang, R., Long, X., & Qiao, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604178
Self-citationGao, R., Lyu, X., Yang, Y., Fu, J., Zhao, C., Guan, H., & Ma, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25378195
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646694
Jiang, H., Chen, L., Huang, N., Shi, H., Chi, H., Yang, R., Long, X., & Qiao, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604175
Self-citationJiang, H., Chen, L., Huang, N., Shi, H., Chi, H., Yang, R., Long, X., & Qiao, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604181
Self-citationShi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646700
Gao, R., Lyu, X., Yang, Y., Fu, J., Zhao, C., Guan, H., & Ma, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25378040
Jiang, H., Chen, L., Huang, N., Shi, H., Chi, H., Yang, R., Long, X., & Qiao, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604169
Self-citationJiang, H., Chen, L., Huang, N., Shi, H., Chi, H., Yang, R., Long, X., & Qiao, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604172
Self-citationShi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646715
Wu, M., Chi, C., Yang, Y., Guo, S., Li, T., Gu, M., Zhang, T., Gao, H., Liu, R., & Yin, C. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20382000
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646709
Wu, J., Peng, T., Xie, F., & Li, M.-Q. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20035586
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646721
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24670253
Gao, R., Lyu, X., Yang, Y., Fu, J., Zhao, C., Guan, H., & Ma, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26684856
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646706
Gao, R., Lyu, X., Yang, Y., Fu, J., Zhao, C., Guan, H., & Ma, X. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26684853
Venables, A., Wong, W., Way, M., & Homer, H. A. (2020) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.13290503
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.24669983
Yuan, X., Zhao, J., Wang, J., Zheng, W., Kong, Y., & Li, G. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.23207985
Shi, X., Shi, Y., Fan, L., Yang, J., Chen, H., Ni, K., & Yang, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26646697
Jiang, H., Chen, L., Huang, N., Shi, H., Chi, H., Yang, R., Long, X., & Qiao, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26604166
Self-citationLin, M. M., Wang, R., Wang, Y., Leng, Y., Lin, Z., & Li, R. (2025) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-025-02038-8
Zeng, Y., Yu, J., Ren, Y., Ren, J. L., Chen, H., Zhang, Q., & XIAO, X. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-08294-5
Sohn, S. Y., & Leung, A. M. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-13825-6.00363-0
Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease During Pregnancy
Kızıloğlu, İ. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-15221-3_10
Wang, Y., Zhu, J., Li, Z., Yu, F., Fu, Y., Gao, H., Wang, M., Yuan, L., Zheng, L., & He, Q. (2026) · Cell Transplantation · doi:10.1177/09636897261418754
Warringa, L., Osinga, J. A. J., Derakhshan, A., Jaddoe, V. W. V., Sjoerd, A. A. V. D. B., Peeters, R. P., & Korevaar, T. I. M. (2026) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/clinem/dgag082
Self-citationTrends and Determinants of Preterm Births
Kazic, F., Nakicevic, E., Ibrasevic, A., & Sejdic, H. (2026) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.104467
Imam, S. K. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-12937-6_11
Cheng, D., Li, N., Fan, K., Zhang, J., Gao, F., & Wang, H. (2026) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-026-09112-2
Premature ovarian failure: current aspects, problems, and prospects
Titchenko, Y. P., Kruchinina, E. V., Сергеевна, Ж. А., Orlova, S. A., Tsar’kova, A. V., & Yarygina, Y. T. A. (2026) · Russian Bulletin of Obstetrician-Gynecologist · doi:10.17116/rosakush20262602197
Salazar-Peñuela, A., Gutiérrez-Pulido, L. M., Mejía-Arango, M. D. L. Á., Robledo-Salazar, S., Uribe-Nieto, M., Hidalgo-Botero, J., & Loaiza, D. P. B. (2026) · Biosalud · doi:10.17151/biosa.2021.20.1.5
Gabbai, D., & Yogev, Y. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-23479-7_10
Zhang, H., Lu, S.-M., Deng, M.-M., Dong, N., & Ji, K.-K. (2026) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.118509
Kowalcze, K. E., Kula-Gradzik, J., Gullo, G., Ferrero, S., Chiantera, V., & Krysiak, R. G. (2026) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18121993
32 Haftanın Altında Doğan Prematüre Bebeklerde Tiroid Fonksiyon Bozukluklarının Değerlendirilmesi
Yılmaz, E. B., & Tekın, N. (2026) · OSMANGAZİ JOURNAL OF MEDICINE · doi:10.20515/otd.1849333
Thyroid autoimmunity and assisted pregnancy
Poppe, K. G., Dhillon‐Smith, R. K., & Kahaly, G. J. (2026) · The Lancet Obstetrics Gynaecology & Women s Health · doi:10.1016/s3050-5038(26)00050-6
Subclinical Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy
Arora, S., & Lee, S. Y. (2026) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2026.07.002
Preeclampsia and Site-Specific Cancer Risk: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Hur, H., Kim, E. H., Lee, M., Jung, I., & Eoh, K. J. (2026) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers18142218
Qian, X., Mei, H., Cao, D., Rao, J., Tang, F., Xiang, Y., & Li, C. (2026) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2026.1888560
Zhao, X.-Y., Li, Z.-H., Huang, K., Zhang, S., Dai, S., Wang, C., Weng, H.-Y., Chen, M.-L., Gao, G., Hu, C., et al. (2026) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2026.128927
Yamin, T., Asias, A., Osovizky, Y., Ziv, O., Bartal, K., Tolkin, L., Randolph, G. W., Russell, M. D., Pearce, E. N., Freeman, J., et al. (2026) · Thyroid · doi:10.1177/10507256261483410
Self-citationManagement of Hyperthyroidism in Pregnancy
Gummalla, S., Kesara, M. R., & Maraka, S. (2026) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2026.08.017
Pregnancy and thyroid hormone status
Sankoda, A., Arata, N., Yoshihara, A., & Watanabe, N. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-30261-9.00006-1
Trasande, L., Nelson, M. E., Alshawabkeh, A. N., Barrett, E. S., Buckley, J. P., Dabelea, D., Dunlop, A. L., Herbstman, J. B., Meeker, J. D., Naidu, M., et al. (2026) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2026.110548
Vivó, G. T., Cunillera, O., Albareda, M., Esquius, N. P., Albaladejo, M. I., Palomar, G. R., Aliste, S. P., Porta, M. M., & Vila, L. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10853739/v1
PDE8B rs4704397 Modifies the Association Between Iodine Status and Serum TSH in Pregnant Women
Yao, C., Li, Y., 李晨嫣, Wang, W., Xie, X., 范晨玲, Teng, W., Shan, Z., & Mao, J. (2026) · Thyroid · doi:10.1177/10507256261500925
Huang, Y., Chen, H., Xie, X., Jin, Y., & Jin, H. (2026) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.71412
Well-controlled hypothyroidism does not affect the macronutrient composition of colostrum
Jassem-Bobowicz, J. M., Pastuszak, B., Sokołowska, E. M., Drążkowska, I., Narkowicz, S., & Domżalska-Popadiuk, I. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1921550
Metadata
- Authors
- The Consortium on Thyroid and Pregnancy—Study Group on Preterm Birth, Korevaar, T. I. M., Derakhshan, A., Taylor, P. N., Meima, M., Chen, L., Bliddal, S., Carty, D. M., Meems, M., Vaidya, B., Shields, B., Ghafoor, F., Popova, P. V., Mosso, L., Oken, E., Suvanto, E., Hisada, A., Yoshinaga, J., Brown, S. J., Bassols, J., Auvinen, J., Bramer, W. M., López-Bermejo, A., Dayan, C., Boucai, L., Vafeiadi, M., Grineva, E. N., Tkachuck, A. S., Pop, V. J. M., Vrijkotte, T. G., Guxens, M., Chatzi, L., Sunyer, J., Jiménez-Zabala, A., Riaño, I., Murcia, M., Lu, X., Mukhtar, S., Delles, C., Feldt-Rasmussen, U., Nelson, S. M., Alexander, E. K., Chaker, L., Männistö, T., Walsh, J. P., Pearce, E. N., Steegers, E. A. P., & Peeters, R. P.
- Affiliations
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Cardiff University (GB)
- Ruian People's Hospital (CN)
- Copenhagen University Hospital (DK)
- Glasgow Royal Infirmary (GB)
- Tilburg University (NL)
- University of Exeter (GB)
- National Health Research Complex, Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex, Lahore, Pakistan
- First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg (RU)
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (CL)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Oulu (FI)
- Chiba University (JP)
- Toyo University (JP)
- Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital (AU)
- Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica de Girona (ES)
- Oulu University Hospital (FI)
- Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute, Dr Josep Trueta Hospital, Girona, Spain
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (US)
- University of Crete (GR)
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, St Petersburg, Russia
- Amsterdam Public Health (NL)
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
- University of Southern California (US)
- Basque Government (ES)
- Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Jaume I (ES)
- Shaikh Zayed Hospital (PK)
- University of Glasgow (GB)
- Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (GB)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- The University of Western Australia (AU)
- Boston University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Korevaar, Tim I. M.
- ORCID
- Korevaar, Tim I. M.
- Derakhshan, Arash
- Taylor, Peter N.
- Meima, Marcel
- Chen, Liangmiao
- Bliddal, Sofie
- Carty, David M.
- Meems, Margreet
- Vaidya, Bijay
- Shields, Beverley
- Popova, Polina V.
- Mosso, Lorena
- Oken, Emily
- Hisada, Aya
- Yoshinaga, Jun
- Brown, Suzanne J.
- Bassols, Judit
- Auvinen, Juha
- Bramer, Wichor M.
- Dayan, Colin
- Boucai, Laura
- Vafeiadi, Marina
- Grineva, Elena N.
- Pop, Victor J. M.
- Vrijkotte, Tanja G.
- Guxens, Mònica
- Chatzi, Leda
- Sunyer, Jordi
- Jiménez-Zabala, Ana
- Murcia, Mario
- Lu, Xuemian
- Delles, Christian
- Nelson, Scott M.
- Alexander, Erik K.
- Chaker, Layal
- Männistö, Tuija
- Walsh, John P.
- Pearce, Elizabeth N.
- Steegers, Eric A. P.
- Peeters, Robin P.
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2019-08-20
- Volume
- 322
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 632
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- PMC
- PMC6704759
- OpenAlex
- W2969751565
- Cited by
- 378
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 68 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 78 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 12
- FWCI
- 6.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- UWA Profiles and Research Repository (UWA) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Research portal (Tilburg University) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University) (acceptedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Royal Devon and Exeter Research Repository (Royal Devon and Exeter) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- University of Southern California
- Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
- School of Medicine, Boston University
- Medical Research Center Oulu
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- University of Exeter
- University of Glasgow
- Cardiff University
- Universiteit van Amsterdam
- Eusko Jaurlaritza
- Universitat de València
- University of Crete
- Universitat Jaume I
- Oulun Yliopisto
- Universiteit van Tilburg
- Chiba University
- Toyo University
- Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana
- Weill Cornell Medical College
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III
- Erasmus Universitair Medisch Centrum Rotterdam
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA008748)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD034568)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Reproductive System and Pregnancy
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Keywords
- preterm birth, thyroid autoimmunity, subclinical hypothyroidism, isolated hypothyroxinemia, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, maternal thyroid disease, pregnancy complications, preterm birth risk factors, individual patient data meta-analysis, pooled odds ratio, risk difference
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Autoantibodies, Autoimmune Diseases, Female, Gestational Age, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Infant, Newborn, Iodide Peroxidase, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Thyroid Diseases, Thyroid Function Tests, Thyrotropin, Thyroxine, Premature Birth
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
