Cited by 292Balance, Gait, and Falls PreventionFrailty in Older AdultsPharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes

Effect of a Home-Based Exercise Program on Subsequent Falls Among Community-Dwelling High-Risk Older Adults After a Fall: A Randomized Clinical Trial

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Liu-Ambrose, Teresa, Davis, Jennifer C., Best, John R., Dian, Larry, Madden, Kenneth, Cook, Wendy, Hsu, Chun Liang, Khan, Karim M.·2019·JAMA

Abstract

Importance: Whether exercise reduces subsequent falls in high-risk older adults who have already experienced a fall is unknown. Objective: To assess the effect of a home-based exercise program as a fall prevention strategy in older adults who were referred to a fall prevention clinic after an index fall. Design, Setting, and Participants: A 12-month, single-blind, randomized clinical trial conducted from April 22, 2009, to June 5, 2018, among adults aged at least 70 years who had a fall within the past 12 months and were recruited from a fall prevention clinic. Interventions: Participants were randomized to receive usual care plus a home-based strength and balance retraining exercise program delivered by a physical therapist (intervention group; n = 173) or usual care, consisting of fall prevention care provided by a geriatrician (usual care group; n = 172). Both were provided for 12 months. Main Outcomes and Measures: The primary outcome was self-reported number of falls over 12 months. Adverse event data were collected in the exercise group only and consisted of falls, injuries, or muscle soreness related to the exercise intervention. Results: Among 345 randomized patients (mean age, 81.6 [SD, 6.1] years; 67% women), 296 (86%) completed the trial. During a mean follow-up of 338 (SD, 81) days, a total of 236 falls occurred among 172 participants in the exercise group vs 366 falls among 172 participants in the usual care group. Estimated incidence rates of falls per person-year were 1.4 (95% CI, 0.1-2.0) vs 2.1 (95% CI, 0.1-3.2), respectively. The absolute difference in fall incidence was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.04-1.78; P = .006) falls per person-year and the incident rate ratio was 0.64 (95% CI, 0.46-0.90; P = .009). No adverse events related to the intervention were reported. Conclusions and Relevance: Among older adults receiving care at a fall prevention clinic after a fall, a home-based strength and balance retraining exercise program significantly reduced the rate of subsequent falls compared with usual care provided by a geriatrician. These findings support the use of this home-based exercise program for secondary fall prevention but require replication in other clinical settings. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifiers: NCT01029171; NCT00323596.

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  1. Spreen O, Strauss E. A Compendium of Neurological Tests. 2nd ed. New York, NY: Oxford University Press; 1998.
  2. Fitzmaurice GM, Laird NM, Ware JH. Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis. New York, NY: Wiley; 2004.

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Authors
Liu-Ambrose, T., Davis, J. C., Best, J. R., Dian, L., Madden, K., Cook, W., Hsu, C. L., & Khan, K. M.
Affiliations
University of British Columbia (CA)
Corresponding author
Liu-Ambrose, Teresa
Venue
JAMA
Published
2019-06-04
Volume
321
Issue
21
Pages
2092
ISSN
  • 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
  • 0098-7484
OpenAlex
W2948532720
Cited by
291
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 30 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 6
FWCI
62.20
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • JAMA (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
Canadian Institutes of Health Research
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes
Keywords
home-based exercise, fall prevention, older adults, physiotherapy, community-dwelling older adults, exercise safety, adverse events, elderly care, usual care comparison, exercise adherence, exercise duration, exercise frequency
MeSH terms
Accidental Falls, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Postural Balance, Exercise Therapy, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Single-Blind Method, Resistance Training, Secondary Prevention, Independent Living

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