The DOI matches its Crossref record; 103 of the 114 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Statin-Associated Myopathy
Abstract
Statins (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors) are associated with skeletal muscle complaints, including clinically important myositis and rhabdomyolysis, mild serum creatine kinase (CK) elevations, myalgia with and without elevated CK levels, muscle weakness, muscle cramps, and persistent myalgia and CK elevations after statin withdrawal. We performed a literature review to provide a clinical summary of statin-associated myopathy and discuss possible mediating mechanisms. We also update the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) reports on statin-associated rhabdomyolysis. Articles on statin myopathy were identified via a PubMed search through November 2002 and articles on statin clinical trials, case series, and review articles were identified via a PubMed search through January 2003. Adverse event reports of statin-associated rhabdomyolysis were also collected from the FDA MEDWATCH database. The literature review found that reports of muscle problems during statin clinical trials are extremely rare. The FDA MEDWATCH Reporting System lists 3339 cases of statin-associated rhabdomyolysis reported between January 1, 1990, and March 31, 2002. Cerivastatin was the most commonly implicated statin. Few data are available regarding the frequency of less-serious events such as muscle pain and weakness, which may affect 1% to 5% of patients. The risk of rhabdomyolysis and other adverse effects with statin use can be exacerbated by several factors, including compromised hepatic and renal function, hypothyroidism, diabetes, and concomitant medications. Medications such as the fibrate gemfibrozil alter statin metabolism and increase statin plasma concentration. How statins injure skeletal muscle is not clear, although recent evidence suggests that statins reduce the production of small regulatory proteins that are important for myocyte maintenance.
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In the citing paper
“Adverse effects of statin treatment on skeletal muscle (from myositis to rhabdomyolysis) have been reported, but the mechanism behind these myopathic changes is not fully understood (4).”
From Simvastatin Effects on Skeletal Muscle (2013) · cites this paper as [4]
In the citing paper
“The sub-analysis of the HPS2-THRIVE study699), which included subjects with HDL-C levels < 34.8 mg/dL or TG levels ≥ 151 mg/dL and a ASCVD history, also could not show beneficial effect of NA added to statin.”
From Japan Atherosclerosis Society (JAS) guidelines for prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases 2017 (2018) · cites this paper as [699]
Citations
Cites
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Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2486 · Cited by 26,011
OLSSON, A. G., McMurray, J. J. V., Thorgeirsson, G., Spaulding, C. M., Slattery, J., Pyörälà, K., Færgeman, O., Wright, R. S., Berg, K. M., Wilhelmsen, L., et al. (1994) · The Lancet · Cited by 8,467
Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease with Pravastatin in Men with Hypercholesterolemia
Shepherd, J., Cobbe, S. M., Ford, I., Isles, C. G., Lorimer, A. R., Macfarlane, P. W., McKillop, J. H., & Packard, C. J. (1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199511163332001 · Cited by 7,449
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PREVENTION OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE WITH PRAVASTATIN IN MEN WITH HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA
Hepherd, J. A. S., Obbe, S. T. M. C., Ord, I. A. F., Sles, C. H. G. I., Orimer, A. R. O. L., Acfarlane, P. E. W. M., Illop, J. A. H. M. C. K., Ackard, C. H. J. P., & Roup, S. T. G. (1995) · Cited by 3,453
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Fuhrmans, 2002, Bayer discloses higher death toll from Baycol., Wall Street Journal, A10
- Hamilton-Craig, 2001, Statin-associated myopathy., Med J Aust, 175, 486, 10.5694/mja2.2001.175.issue-9 · DOI
- Omar, 2002, FDA adverse event reports on statin-associated rhabdomyolysis., Ann Pharmacother, 36, 288, 10.1345/aph.1A289 · DOI · Paper page
- GISSI Prevenzione Investigators, 2000, Results of the low-dose (20 mg) pravastatin GISSI Prevenzione trial in 4271 patients with recent myocardial infarction: do stopped trials contribute to overall knowledge (Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell'Infarto Miocardico)?, Ital Heart J, 1, 810
- Omar, 2001, Rhabdomyolysis and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors., Ann Pharmacother, 35, 1096, 10.1345/aph.10228 · DOI · Paper page
- Shek, 2001, Statin-fibrate combination therapy., Ann Pharmacother, 35, 908, 10.1345/aph.10315 · DOI · Paper page
- Prueksaritanont, 2002, Metabolic interactions between gemfibrozil and statins in human liver preparations [abstract]., Circulation, 106, II185
- Not Available, 2001, Cardiovascular Trials Review
- Not Available, 2002, Cardiovascular Trials Review
Cited by
Sorted by citations
SLCO1B1 Variants and Statin-Induced Myopathy — A Genomewide Study
(2008) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0801936 · Cited by 2,043
Bruckert, E., Hayem, G., Dejager, S., Yau, C., & Bégaud, B. (2005) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10557-005-5686-z · Cited by 1,226
Chemical, pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of statins: an update
Schächter, M. (2004) · Fundamental and Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1472-8206.2004.00299.x · Cited by 1,247
Bench-to-bedside review: Rhabdomyolysis -- an overview for clinicians.
Huerta-Alardin, A. L., Varón, J., & Marik, P. E. (2004) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc2978 · Cited by 910
Metadata
- Authors
- Thompson, P. D., Clarkson, P., & Karas, R. H.
- Affiliations
- Hartford Hospital (US)
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2003-04-02
- Volume
- 289
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 1681
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W2059078444
- Cited by
- 1,463
- References
- 114
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 38 · 2019: 54 · 2018: 52 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 79 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 76 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 97
- FWCI
- 19.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ScholarWorks@UMassAmherst (University of Massachusetts Amherst) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Toxicology › Pharmacovigilance and Adverse Drug Reactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Muscle and Compartmental Disorders
- Keywords
- statin-induced myopathy, statins, rhabdomyolysis, myositis, creatine kinase elevation, myalgia, statin withdrawal, adverse drug reactions, cerivastatin, gemfibrozil, drug interactions
- MeSH terms
- Anticholesteremic Agents, Creatine Kinase, Humans, Muscle Cramp, Muscular Diseases, Myositis, Rhabdomyolysis, Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Weakness, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
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