Efficacy of an HIV Prevention Intervention for African American Adolescent Girls: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Abstract
Context African American adolescent girls are at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but interventions specifically designed for this population have not reduced HIV risk behaviors. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of an intervention to reduce sexual risk behaviors, sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), and pregnancy and enhance mediators of HIV-preventive behaviors. Design, setting, and participants Randomized controlled trial of 522 sexually experienced African American girls aged 14 to 18 years screened from December 1996 through April 1999 at 4 community health agencies. Participants completed a self-administered questionnaire and an interview, demonstrated condom application skills, and provided specimens for STD testing. Outcome assessments were made at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Intervention All participants received four 4-hour group sessions. The intervention emphasized ethnic and gender pride, HIV knowledge, communication, condom use skills, and healthy relationships. The comparison condition emphasized exercise and nutrition. Main outcome measures The primary outcome measure was consistent condom use, defined as condom use during every episode of vaginal intercourse; other outcome measures were sexual behaviors, observed condom application skills, incident STD infection, self-reported pregnancy, and mediators of HIV-preventive behaviors. Results Relative to the comparison condition, participants in the intervention reported using condoms m…
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In an RCT with African American girls aged 14 to 18, an intervention that built gender empowerment, racial pride and solidarity with the black community enhanced HIV-prevention behaviors and skills such as increased condom use 6 months and 12 months after the intervention.
“The study found that the intervention enhanced HIV-prevention behaviors and skills such as increased condom use 6 months and 12 months after the intervention [125,126].”
From Reducing Racial Inequities in Health: Using What We Already Know to Take Action (2019) · cites this paper as [125]
Cites
(1990) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.27-3338 · Cited by 35,305 · see citing works
Statistical Methods for Rates and Proportions
Fleiss, J. L., Levin, B., & Paik, M. C. (2003) · Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics · doi:10.1002/0471445428 · Cited by 18,646 · see citing works
Fleming, D. T., & Wasserheit, J. N. (1999) · Sexually Transmitted Infections · doi:10.1136/sti.75.1.3 · Cited by 2,271 · see citing works
Generalized Estimating Equations
Hardin, J. W., & Hilbe, J. M. (2002) · doi:10.1201/9781420035285 · Cited by 1,766 · see citing works
Self-citationNonparametric estimates of standard error: The jackknife, the bootstrap and other methods
EFRON, B. (1981) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/68.3.589 · Cited by 1,399 · see citing works
Kamb, M. L., Fishbein, M., Douglas, Jr., Rhodes, F., Rogers, J., Bolan, G., Zenilman, J., Hoxworth, T., Malotte, C. K., Iatesta, M., et al. (1998) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.280.13.1161 · Cited by 973 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The ADAPT-ITT Model: A Novel Method of Adapting Evidence-Based HIV Interventions
Wingood, G. M., & DiClemente, R. J. (2008) · JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes · doi:10.1097/qai.0b013e3181605df1 · Cited by 664 · see citing works
Self-citationWorldwide application of prevention science in adolescent health
Catalano, R. F., Fagan, A. A., Gavin, L. E., Greenberg, M. T., Irwin, C. E., Ross, D. A., & Shek, D. T. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)60238-4 · Cited by 674 · see citing works
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Health and Health Care of Children
Flores, G., & THE COMMITTEE ON PEDIATRIC RESEARCH (2010) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-0188 · Cited by 582 · see citing works
An overview of and recommendations for more accessible digital mental health services
Lattie, E. G., Stiles-Shields, C., & Graham, A. K. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-021-00003-1 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Reducing Racial Inequities in Health: Using What We Already Know to Take Action
Williams, D. R., & Cooper, L. A. (2019) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph16040606 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
Danielson, C. K., McCart, M. R., Walsh, K., de Arellano, M. A., White, D., & Resnick, H. S. (2012) · Journal of Family Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0028862 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
US Preventive Services Task Force, Krist, A. H., Davidson, K. W., Mangione, C. M., Barry, M. J., Cabana, M., Caughey, A. B., Donahue, K., Doubeni, C. A., Epling, J. W., et al. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13095 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Sexual health programming for vulnerable youth: Improving knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors
Boustani, M. M., Frazier, S. L., & Lesperance, N. (2017) · Children and Youth Services Review · doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2017.01.013 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Tolou-Shams, M., Dauria, E. F., Folk, J., Shumway, M., Marshall, B. D. L., Rizzo, C. J., Messina, N., Covington, S., Haack, L. M., Chaffee, T., et al. (2021) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108934 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Hahn, A. M., Adams, Z. W., Chapman, J., McCart, M. R., Sheidow, A. J., de Arellano, M. A., & Danielson, C. K. (2020) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2020.106012 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- DiClemente, R. J., Wingood, G. M., Harrington, K. F., Lang, D. L., Davies, S. L., Hook III, E. W., Oh, M. K., Crosby, R. A., Hertzberg, V. S., Gordon, A. B., Hardin, J. W., Parker, S., & Robillard, A.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- JAMA
- Publisher
- American Medical Association (AMA)
- Published
- 2004-07-14
- Volume
- 292
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 171
- ISSN
- 0002-9955 (ISSN-L)
- 0098-7484
- OpenAlex
- W2129761319
- Cited by
- 16
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2022: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 2.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- JAMA (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (1R01 MH 54412)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Cervical Cancer and HPV Research
- Keywords
- HIV prevention interventions, African American adolescent girls, condom use, sexual risk behavior, sexually transmitted infections, contraception, HIV/AIDS knowledge, healthy relationships, HIV risk
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
