A revised budget for Cenozoic sedimentary carbon subduction.
Abstract
Carbon plays a pivotal role in governing the climate and biosphere of Earth, yet quantification of carbon's long‐term cycling from the mantle to the surface remains contentious. Sedimentary carbon represents a significant part of the budget and can be recycled to the mantle if underthrust in subduction zones. I estimate that ~60 megaton per year (Mt/yr) is presently being subducted below the outer fore arc, 80% in the form of carbonate carbon, significantly more than previously estimated. Sedimentary carbon represents around two thirds of the total carbon input at the trenches. An additional 7 Mt/yr is averaged over the Cenozoic as a result of passive margin subduction during continental collision (~83% CaCO 3). This revision brings the input and output budgets within the range of uncertainty. Degassing from arc volcanoes and fore arcs totals ~55 Mt/yr. When carbon in hydrothermal veins in the altered oceanic crust and serpentinized upper mantle is accounted for, a net flux to the mantle appears likely. The efficiency of carbon subduction is largely controlled by the carbonate contents of the sediment column and is partly linked to the latitude of the trench. Accretionary margins are the biggest suppliers of carbon to the mantle wedge, especially Java, Sumatra, Andaman‐Burma, and Makran, reflecting the inefficiency of offscraping, the thickness of the subducting sediment, and the trench length. The western Pacific trenches are negligible sinks of sedimentary carbon. Increases in deep‐sea carbonate in the Oligocene and middle Mesozoic had a large impact on the subduction budget, increasing it greatly compared to earlier times.
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On longer geological time scales, deposition, burial and subduction of organic carbon within marine sediment in plate subduction margins can play a pivotal role in the long-term carbon cycle, influencing atmospheric CO2 amounts over millions of years.
“Moreover, on longer geological time scales, the deposition, burial and subduction of OC within marine sediment in plate subduction margins can play a pivotal role in the long-term carbon cycle, influencing atmospheric CO2 amounts over millions of years (Berner, 1982; Burdige, 2007; Clift, 2017).”
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Megathrust earthquake drives drastic organic carbon supply to the hadal trench.
Kioka, A., Schwestermann, T., Moernaut, J., Ikehara, K., Kanamatsu, T., McHugh, C. M., dos Santos Ferreira, C., Wiemer, G., Haghipour, N., Kopf, A. J., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-38834-x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
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“Moreover, on longer geological time scales, the deposition, burial and subduction of OC within marine sediment in plate subduction margins can play a pivotal role in the long-term carbon cycle, influencing atmospheric CO2 amounts over millions of years (Berner, 1982; Burdige, 2007; Clift, 2017).”
Background
- Authors
- Clift, P. D.
- Affiliations
- Louisiana State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Clift, Peter D.
- ORCID
- Clift, Peter D.
- Venue
- Reviews of Geophysics
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2017-01-28
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 97-125
- ISSN
- 0096-1043 (ISSN-L)
- 8755-1209
- 1944-9208
- OpenAlex
- W2565171464
- Semantic Scholar
- 78b054181de1bee2af35f99955ad0797c48254a3
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 146
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 7.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Reviews of Geophysics (publishedVersion)
- Civil War Book Review (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geology › Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Keywords
- Cenozoic, carbonate carbon, forearc, continental collision, accretionary margin, hydrochar, serpentinized mantle, deep-sea carbonates, Oligocene
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