Solution Processing of Inorganic Materials

Abstract

Preface. Contributors. 1. Introduction to Solution-Deposited Inorganic Electronics (Robert H. Reuss and Babu R. Chalamala). 1.1 Background and Motivation. 1.2 Importance of Solution Processing. 1.3 Application Challenges: TFT Devices and Circuits. 1.4 Application Challenges: Optoelectronics. 1.5 Application Challenges: Power Sources, Sensors, and Actuators. 1.6 Conclusions. References. 2. Chemical Solution Deposition-Basic Principles (Robert W. Schwartz and Manoj Narayanan). 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Substrate Surface Preparation. 2.3 Starting Reagents and Solvents. 2.4 Precursor Solution Preparation and Characteristics. 2.5 Film Formation Behavior. 2.6 Structural Evolution: Film Formation, Densifi cation, and Crystallization. 2.7 Summary. References. 3. Solution Processing of Chalcogenide Semiconductors via Dimensional Reduction (David B. Mitzi). 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Dimensional Reduction. 3.3 Hydrazine Precursor Route. 3.4 Similar Approaches without Hydrazine. 3.5 Future Prospects. References. 4. Oxide Dielectric Films for Active Electronics (Douglas A. Keszler, Jeremy T. Anderson, and Stephen T. Meyers). 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Gate Dielectric Materials Selection. 4.3 Producing High-Quality Films from Solution. 4.4 HafSOx Thin-Film Dielectrics. 4.5 AlPO Thin-Film Dielectric. 4.6 Compositionally Graded and Laminated Structures. 4.7 Summary and Perspective. References. 5. Liquid Silicon Materials (Masahiro Furusawa and Hideki Tanaka). 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Liquid Silicon Material. 5.3 Forming Silicon Films from the Liquid Silicon Materials. 5.4 Fabrication of a TFT Using a Solution-Processed Silicon Film. 5.5 Fabrication of TFT Using Inkjet-Printed Silicon Film. 5.6 Forming SiO2 Films from the Liquid Silicon Materials. 5.7 LTPS Fabrication Using Solution-Processed SiO2 Films. 5.8 Forming Doped Silicon Films. 5.9 Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References. 6. Spray CVD of Single-Source Precursors for Chalcopyrite I-III-VI2 Thin-Film Materials (Aloysius F. Hepp, Kulbinder K. Banger, Michael H.-C. Jin, Jerry D. Harris, Jeremiah S. McNatt, and John E. Dickman). 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Single-Source Precursor Studies. 6.3 Spray or Atmosphere-Assisted CVD Processing. 6.4 Atmospheric Pressure Hot-Wall Reactor Parametric Study. 6.5 Fabrication and Testing of CIS Solar Cells. 6.6 Concluding Remarks. Acknowledgments. References. 7. Chemical Bath Deposition, Electrodeposition, and Electroless Deposition of Semiconductors, Superconductors, and Oxide Materials (Raghu Bhattacharya). 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Chemical Bath Deposition. 7.3 Deposition of CIGS by Electrodeposition and Electroless Deposition. 7.4 Electrodeposition of Oxide Superconductors. 7.5 Electrodeposition of Cerium Oxide Films. 7.6 Electrodeposition of Gd 2 Zr 2 O 7 . References. 8. Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) and Related Sequential Solution-Phase Deposition Techniques (Seppo Lindroos and Markku Leskela). 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 SILAR. 8.3 Materials Grown by SILAR. 8.4 ILGAR. 8.5 ECALE. 8.6 Other Sequential Solution-Phase Deposition Techniques. References. 9. Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly for the Preparation of Porous Metal Oxide Films (Bernd Smarsly and Dina Fattakhova-Rohlfing). 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 The EISA Process. 9.3 Characterization of Self-Assembled Films. 9.4 Generation of Mesoporous Crystalline Metal Oxide Films Via Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly. 9.5 Electronic Applications. 9.6 Mesoporous Films in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. 9.7 Conclusions. References. 10. Engineered Nanomaterials as Soluble Precursors for Inorganic Films (Dmitri V. Talapin). 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 Synthesis of Inorganic Nanomaterials. 10.3 Nanoparticles as Soluble Building Blocks for Inorganic Films. 10.4 Films and Arrays of Inorganic Nanowires. 10.5 Applications Using Networks and Arrays of Carbon Nanotubes. 10.6 Concluding Remarks. Acknowledgments. References. 11. Functional Structures Assembled from Nanoscale Building Blocks (Yu Huang). 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Building Blocks: Synthesis and Properties. 11.3 Hierarchical Assembly of Nanowires. 11.4 Nanowire Electronics and Optoelectronics. 11.5 Nanowire Thin-Film Electronics-Concept and Performance. 11.6 Summary and Perspective. References. 12. Patterning Techniques for Solution Deposition (Paul Brazis, Daniel Gamota, Jie Zhang, and John Szczech). 12.1 Introduction. 12.2 Opportunities for Printable Inorganic verses Organic Materials Systems. 12.3 Printing and the Microelectronics Industry-Present and Future. 12.4 Printed Electronics Value Chain. 12.5 Electrically Functional Inks. 12.6 Printing Technologies. 12.7 Structure of a Printed Transistor. 12.8 Patterning Techniques for Solution Deposition: Technology Diffusion. 12.9 Conclusions. References. 13. Transfer Printing Techniques and Inorganic Single-Crystalline Materials for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics (Jong-Hyun Ahn, Matthew A. Meitl, Aflred J. Baca, Dahl-Young Khang, Hoon-Sik Kim, and John A. Rogers). 13.1 Introduction. 13.2 Inorganic S