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Direct Writing of Gallium‐Indium Alloy for Stretchable Electronics
Abstract
In this paper, a direct writing method for gallium‐indium alloys is presented. The relationships between nozzle inner diameter, standoff distance, flow rate, and the resulting trace geometry are demonstrated. The interaction between the gallium oxide layer and the substrate is critically important in understanding the printing behavior of the liquid metal. The difference between receding and advancing contact angles demonstrates that the adhesion of the oxide layer to the substrate surface is stronger than the wetting of the surface by the gallium‐indium alloy. This further demonstrates why free‐standing structures such as the traces described herein can be realized. In addition to the basic characterization of the direct writing process, a design algorithm that is generalizable to a range of trace geometries is developed. This method is applied to the fabrication of an elastomer‐encapsulated strain gauge that displays an approximately linear behavior through 50% strain with a gauge factor of 1.5.
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Citations
Cited by
Attributes, Fabrication, and Applications of Gallium‐Based Liquid Metal Particles
Lin, Y., Genzer, J., & Dickey, M. D. (2020) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202000192 · Cited by 503
High-resolution, reconfigurable printing of liquid metals with three-dimensional structures
Park, Y.-G., An, H. S., Kim, J.-Y., & Park, J.-U. (2019) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaw2844 · Cited by 367
Methods to pattern liquid metals
Joshipura, I. D., Ayers, H. R., Majidi, C., & Dickey, M. D. (2015) · Journal of Materials Chemistry C · doi:10.1039/c5tc00330j · Cited by 326
Liu, S., Yuen, M. C., White, E. L., Boley, J. W., Deng, B., Cheng, G. J., & Kramer-Bottiglio, R. (2018) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.8b08722 · Cited by 283
Self-citationPorous Conductive Textiles for Wearable Electronics
Ding, Y., Jiang, J., Wu, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhou, J., Zhang, Y., Huang, Q., & Zheng, Z. (2024) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00507 · Cited by 269
Metadata
- Authors
- Boley, J. W., White, E. L., Chiu, G. T. ‐., & Kramer, R. K.
- Venue
- Advanced Functional Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-02-18
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 3501-3507
- ISSN
- 1616-301X (ISSN-L)
- 1616-3028
- OpenAlex
- W2002527773
- Cited by
- 546
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 19.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Boley, J. W., White, E. L., Chiu, G. T. ‐., & Kramer, R. K. (2014). Direct Writing of Gallium‐Indium Alloy for Stretchable Electronics. Advanced Functional Materials. https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201303220
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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