Cited by 21Nanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryBarrier Structure and Function StudiesRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Blood‐Brain Barrier‐Penetrating Nanocarriers Enable Microglial‐Specific Drug Delivery in Hypothalamic Neuroinflammation

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Goo, Yoon Tae, Grigoriev, Vladislav, Korzun, Tetiana, Sharma, Kongbrailatpam Shitaljit, Singh, Prem, Taratula, Olena R., Marks, Daniel L., Taratula, Oleh·2025·Advanced Healthcare Materials

Abstract

Hypothalamic inflammation plays a pivotal role in appetite dysregulation across various pathological conditions, including cancer cachexia. However, delivering anti‐inflammatory agents to microglia, key mediators of hypothalamic inflammation, remains challenging due to the unsurmountable blood‐brain barrier (BBB). To overcome this challenge, dual peptide‐functionalized polymeric nanocarriers capable of both BBB penetration and microglial targeting are engineered for systemic delivery of IRAK4 inhibitors to treat hypothalamic inflammation. After intravenous administration, the nanocarriers demonstrated efficient brain and hypothalamic accumulation in both acute (lipopolysaccharide‐induced) and chronic (pancreatic cancer cachexia) neuroinflammation mouse models. Their microglial targeting capability is confirmed through hypothalamic immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry analysis using a BBB‐microglia co‐culture model. Systemic administration of IRAK4 inhibitor‐loaded nanocarriers effectively attenuated hypothalamic inflammation in both animal models, as evidenced by marked reductions in pro‐inflammatory cytokine expression. Treated animals displayed significantly increased food intake and improved body weight compared to the saline‐treated group. In the cancer cachexia model, the treatment preserved muscle mass, reducing cachexia‐induced gastrocnemius muscle loss by 50% relative to controls. These findings highlight the potential of this nanocarrier system as a promising therapeutic strategy for conditions characterized by hypothalamic dysfunction, particularly cancer cachexia, where neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in disease progression.

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  1. [14]Rao Q, Xu Y, Wang X, Luo H, Li H, Xiong J, Gao H, Cheng G, SusMat 2024, 4, e222.
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Authors
Goo, Y. T., Grigoriev, V., Korzun, T., Sharma, K. S., Singh, P., Taratula, O. R., Marks, D. L., & Taratula, O.
Affiliations
  • Oregon State University (US)
  • Endevica Bio 1935 Techny Rd Northbrook Illinois 60062 USA
Corresponding author
Taratula, Oleh
Venue
Advanced Healthcare Materials
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2025-04-03
Volume
14
Issue
13
Pages
e2500521-e2500521
ISSN
  • 2192-2640 (ISSN-L)
  • 2192-2659
OpenAlex
W4409181189
Cited by
19
References
62
Citations by year
2026: 16 · 2025: 3
FWCI
3.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Advanced Healthcare Materials (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R01HD101450, R01HD112007)
  • National Research Foundation of Korea (RS‐2023‐00241580)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Barrier Structure and Function Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords
blood-brain barrier penetration, polymeric nanocarriers, peptide-functionalized nanoparticles, IRAK4 inhibitor, cancer cachexia, lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation, inflammatory cytokines, muscle mass preservation, dietary intake
MeSH terms
Neuroinflammatory Diseases, Animals, Blood-Brain Barrier, Cachexia, Disease Models, Animal, Drug Carriers, Hypothalamus, Inflammation, Lipopolysaccharides, Male, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Drug Delivery Systems, Microglia, Mice, Nanoparticles

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