Cited by 59Electrocatalysts for Energy ConversionCO2 Reduction Techniques and CatalystsHydrogen Storage and Materials

A Sustainable Route to Ruthenium Phosphide (RuP)/Ru Heterostructures with Electron‐Shuttling of Interfacial Ru for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution

Open access
Li, Daohao, Cai, Rongsheng, Zheng, Dongyong, Ren, Jun, Dong, Chung‐Li, Huang, Yu‐Cheng, Haigh, Sarah J., Liu, Xien +4 more·2024·Advanced Science

Abstract

Ruthenium (Ru) is a promising electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), despite suffering from low activity in non‐acidic conditions due to the high kinetic energy barrier of H 2 O dissociation. Herein, the synthesis of carbon nanosheet‐supported RuP/Ru heterostructures (RuP/Ru@CNS) from a natural polysaccharide is reported and demonstrates its behavior as an effective HER electrocatalyst in non‐acidic conditions. The RuP/Ru@CNS exhibits low overpotential (106 mV at 200 mA·cm −2 ) in alkaline electrolyte, exceeding most reported Ru‐based electrocatalysts. The electron shuttling between Ru atoms at the RuP/Ru interface results in a lowered energy barrier for H 2 O dissociation by electron‐deficient Ru atoms in the pure Ru phase, as well as optimized H * adsorption of electron‐gaining Ru atoms in the neighboring RuP. A low H * spillover energy barrier between Ru atoms at the RuP/Ru interface further boosts HER kinetics. This study demonstrates a sustainable method for the fabrication of efficient Ru‐based electrocatalysts and provides a more detailed understanding of interface effects in HER catalysis.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/advs.202309869

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Ruthenium is a compelling alternative to Pt for hydrogen production due to its relatively lower cost, favorable hydrogen adsorption energy, and well-established catalytic performance.

    “ruthenium (Ru) has emerged as a compelling alternative to Pt for hydrogen production due to its relatively lower cost, favorable hydrogen adsorption energy, and well-established catalytic performance [8–12].”

    From Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis Enabled by Ru Nanoparticles on Few‐Layer Black Phosphorus/Graphene Heterostructured Aerogels (2026) · cites this paper as [10]

    The Introduction (page unavailable) calls Ru catalysts promising for hydrogen evolution and describes their extensive study, supporting the claim about established catalytic performance. It does not establish that Ru costs less than Pt. The Results and Discussion (page unavailable) finds that pure Ru binds hydrogen strongly, making H₂ desorption difficult; more favorable adsorption behavior is achieved in the engineered RuP/Ru heterostructure, not attributed to Ru generally. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 56

  1. [1]M. Dresselhaus, I. Thomas, Nature 2001, 414, 332. 11713539
  2. [2]S. Chu, A. Majumdar, Nature 2012, 488, 294. 22895334
  3. [3]S. Anantharaj, S. Noda, V. Jothi, S. Yi, M. Driess, P. W. Menezes, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 18981. PMC8451938 33411383
  4. [4]Y. Zheng, Y. Jiao, A. Vasileff, S. Z. Qiao, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 7568. 29194903
  5. [5]Y. Jiao, Y. Zheng, M. Jaroniec, S. Z. Qiao, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44, 2060. 25672249
  6. [6]S. Zhang, J. Li, E. Wang, ChemElectroChem 2020, 7, 4526.
  7. [7]S. Bae, J. Mahmood, I. Jeon, J.‐B. Baek, Nanoscale Horiz. 2020, 5, 43.
  8. [8]J. Cai, R. Javed, D. Ye, H. Zhao, J. Zhang, Mater. Chem. A. 2020, 8, 22467.
  9. [9]Y. Wu, X. Li, Y. Wei, Z. Fu, W. Wei, X. Wu, Q. Zhu, Q. Xu, Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2006965. 33598974
  10. [10]Q. Wu, M. Luo, J. Han, W. Peng, Y. Zhao, D. Chen, M. Peng, J. Liu, F. Groot, Y. Tan, ACS Energy Lett. 2020, 5, 192.
  11. [11]J. Su, Y. Yang, G. Xia, J. Chen, P. Jiang, Q. Chen, Nat. Commun. 2017, 8, 14969. 28440269 PMC5413983
  12. [12]J. Wang, Z. Wei, S. Mao, H. Li, Y. Wang, Energy Environ. Sci. 2018, 11, 800.
  13. [13]X. Liu, F. Liu, J. Yu, G. Xiong, L. Zhao, Y. Sang, S. Zuo, J. Zhang, H. Liu, W. Zhou, Adv. Sci. 2020, 7, 2001526. PMC7507474 32995134
  14. [14]J. Yang, B. Chen, X. Liu, W. Liu, Z. Li, J. Dong, W. Chen, W. Yan, T. Yao, X. Duan, Y. Wu, Y. Li, Angew. Chem. 2018, 130, 9639. 29897158
  15. [15]P. Zhu, X. Xiong, D. Wang, Nano. Res. 2022, 15, 5792
  16. [16]Y. Liu, X. Li, Q. Zhang, W. Li, Y. Xie, H. Liu, L. Shang, Z. Liu, Z. Chen, L. Gu, Z. Tang, T. Zhang, S. Lu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 1718. 31799763
  17. [17]J. Mao, C. He, J. Pei, W. Chen, D. He, Y. He, Z. Zhuang, C. Chen, Q. Peng, D. Wang, Y. Li, Nat. Commun. 2018, 9, 4958. 30470747 PMC6251903
  18. [18]Y. Liu, S. Liu, Y. Wang, Q. Zhang, L. Gu, S. Zhao, D. Xu, Y. Li, J. Bao, Z. Dai, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2018, 140, 2731. 29415541
  19. [19]X. Xiao, X. Wang, X. Jiang, S. Song, D. Huang, L. Yu, Y. Zhang, S. Chen, M. Wang, Y. Shen, Z. Ren, Small Methods 2020, 4, 1900796.
  20. [20]Y. Hu, T. Chao, Y. Li, P. Liu, T. Zhao, G. Yu, C. Chen, X. Liang, H. Jin, S. Niu, W. Chen, D. Wang, Y. Li, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2023, 62, e202308800. 37428114
  21. [21]J. Zhu, Y. Guo, F. Liu, H. Xu, L. Gong, W. Shi, D. Chen, P. Wang, Y. Yang, C. Zhang, J. Wu, J. Luo, S. Mu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 12328. 33634585
  22. [22]J. Xu, T. Liu, J. Li, B. Li, Y. Liu, B. Zhang, D. Xiong, I. Amorim, W. Li, L. Liu, Energy Environ. Sci. 2018, 11, 1819.
  23. [23]L. Zhang, H. Jang, Y. Wang, Z. Li, W. Zhang, M. Kim, D. Yang, S. Liu, X. Liu, J. Cho, Adv. Sci. 2021, 8, 2004516. PMC8336516 34085783
  24. [24]J. Zhu, S. Li, M. Xiao, X. Zhao, G. Li, Z. Bai, M. Li, Y. Hu, R. Feng, W. Liu, R. Gao, D. Su, A. Yu, Z. Chen, Nano Energy 2020, 77, 105212.
  25. [25]Y. Zhao, X. Wang, G. Cheng, W. Luo, ACS Catal. 2020, 10, 11751.
  26. [26]L. Zhang, T. Liu, N. Chen, Y. Jia, R. Cai, W. Theis, X. Yang, Y. Xia, D. Yang, X. Yao, J. Mater. Chem. A. 2018, 6, 18417.
  27. [27]H. Li, X. Zhao, H. Liu, S. Chen, X. Yang, C. Lv, H. Zhang, X. She, D. Yang, Small 2018, 14, 1802824. 30350551
  28. [28]L. Zhang, H. Jang, H. Liu, M. Kim, D. Yang, S. Liu, X. Liu, J. Cho, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 18821. 34121280
  29. [29]C. Lv, Y. Zhu, W. Zhang, W. Xu, J. Ren, H. Liu, X. Yang, R. Cai, S. Jin, D. Li, D. Yang, Mater. Today Energy 2021, 21, 100834.
  30. [30]D. Zheng, C. Lv, X. Zhang, S. Chen, H. Liu, Y. Sun, X. She, D. Li, D. Yang, Mater. Today Sustain. 2021, 13, 100074.
  31. [31]H. Kang, L. Zhu, S. Li, S. Yu, Y. Niu, B. Zhang, W. Chu, X. Liu, S. Perathoner, G. Centi, Y. Liu, Nat. Catal. 2023, 6, 1062.
  32. [32]R. Ge, S. Wang, J. Su, Y. Dong, Y. Lin, Q. Zhang, L. Chen, Nanoscale 2018, 10, 13930. 30019735
  33. [33]W. Li, Y. Zhao, Y. Liu, M. Sun, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 3290. 33105050
  34. [34]X. Jiang, H. Jang, S. Liu, Z. Li, M. G. Kim, C. Li, Q. Qin, X. Liu, J. Cho, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 4110. 33174362
  35. [35]K. Jiang, M. Luo, Z. Liu, M. Peng, D. Chen, Y. Lu, T. Chan, F. Groot, Y. Tan, Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 1687. 33727537 PMC7966786
  36. [36]P. Su, W. Pei, X. Wang, Y. Ma, Q. Jiang, J. Liang, S. Zhou, J. Zhao, J. Liu, G. Q. Lu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 16044. 33960092
  37. [37]J. Shan, C. Guo, Y. Zhu, S. Chen, L. Song, Chem 2019, 5, 445.
  38. [38]X. Sun, W. Li, J. Chen, X. Yang, B. Wu, Z. Wang, B. Li, H. Zhang, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 2022, 616, 338. 35219199
  39. [39]W. Wu, Y. Wu, D. Zheng, K. Wang, Z. Tang, Electrochim. Acta 2019, 320, 134568.
  40. [40]J.‐X. Guo, D.‐Y. Yan, K.‐W. Qiu, C. Mu, D. Jiao, J. Mao, H. Wang, T. Ling, J. Energy Chem. 2019, 37, 143.
  41. [41]W. Luo, Y. Wang, X. Li, C. Cheng, Nanotechnology 2020, 31, 295401. 32203950
  42. [42]L. Guo, F. Luo, F. Guo, Q. Zhang, K. Qu, Z. Yang, W. Cai, Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 7623. 31194204
  43. [43]J. Liu, Y. Zheng, D. Zhu, A. Vasileff, T. Ling, S.‐Z. Qiao, Nanoscale 2017, 9, 16616. 29075731
  44. [44]W. Li, Y. Zhao, Y. Liu, M. Sun, G. I. N. Waterhouse, B. Huang, K. Zhang, T. Zhang, S. Lu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 3290. 33105050
  45. [45]M. Wang, Z. Dang, M. Prato, U. Petralanda, I. Infante, D. V. Shinde, L. De Trizio, L. Manna, ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2019, 2, 5695.
  46. [46]M. Ming, Y. Zhang, C. He, L. Zhao, S. Niu, G. Fan, J. Hu, Small 2019, 15, 1903057. 31701640
  47. [47]K. Jiang, M. Luo, Z. Liu, M. Peng, D. Chen, Y.‐R. Lu, T.‐S. Chan, F. M. F. de Groot, Y. Tan, Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 1687. 33727537 PMC7966786
  48. [48]D. Cao, J. Wang, H. Xu, D. Cheng, Small 2021, 17, 2101163. 34213837
  49. [49]Y. Dang, T. Wu, H. Tan, J. Wang, C. Cui, P. Kerns, W. Zhao, L. Posada, L. Wen, S. L. Suib, Energy Environ. Sci. 2021, 14, 5433.
  50. [50]P. Su, W. Pei, X. Wang, Y. Ma, Q. Jiang, J. Liang, S. Zhou, J. Zhao, J. Liu, G. Q. (Max) Lu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 16044. 33960092
  51. [51]Z. Chen, W. Chen, L. Zheng, T. Huang, J. Hu, Y. Lei, Q. Yuan, X. Ren, Y. Li, L. Zhang, S. Huang, S. Ye, Q. Zhang, X. Ouyang, X. Sun, J. Liu, Sci. China Chem. 2022, 65, 521.
  52. [52]B. Pang, X. Liu, T. Liu, T. Chen, X. Shen, W. Zhang, S. Wang, T. Liu, D. Liu, T. Ding, Z. Liao, Y. Li, C. Liang, T. Yao, Energy Environ. Sci. 2022, 15, 102.
  53. [53]C. Cai, K. Liu, Y. Zhu, P. Li, Q. Wang, B. Liu, S. Chen, H. Li, L. Zhu, H. Li, J. Fu, Y. Chen, E. Pensa, J. Hu, Y. Lu, T. Chan, E. Cortés, M. Liu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2022, 61, e202113664. PMC9300137 34822728
  54. [54]J. Li, J. Hu, M. Zhang, W. Gou, S. Zhang, Z. Chen, Y. Qu, Y. Ma, Nat. Commun. 2021, 12, 3502. 34108475 PMC8190308
  55. [55]M. Xiong, Z. Gao, Y. Qin, ACS Catal. 2021, 11, 3159.
  56. [56]J. Wei, S. Qin, J. Liu, X. Ruan, Z. Guan, H. Yan, D. Wei, H. Zhang, J. Cheng, H. Xu, Z. Tian, J. Li, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 10343. 32207867

Authors
Li, D., Cai, R., Zheng, D., Ren, J., Dong, C., Huang, Y., Haigh, S. J., Liu, X., Gong, F., Liu, Y., Liu, J., & Yang, D.
Affiliations
  • Qingdao University (CN)
  • University of Manchester (GB)
  • North University of China (CN)
  • Tamkang University (TW)
  • Department of Physics Tamkang University New Taipei City 25137 Taiwan
  • Qingdao University of Science and Technology (CN)
  • Zhengzhou University of Light Industry (CN)
  • Taiyuan University of Technology (CN)
  • Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (CN)
Corresponding author
  • Liu, Yiming
  • Liu, Jian
  • Yang, Dongjiang
Venue
Advanced Science
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2024-03-28
Volume
11
Issue
22
Pages
e2309869-e2309869
ISSN
2198-3844 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4393277059
Cited by
59
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 12
FWCI
3.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Advanced Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Tamkang University Institutional Repository (TKUIR) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (P/R027129/1, EP/R00661X/1)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (52002359)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
  • Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Hydrogen Storage and Materials
Keywords
ruthenium phosphide, hydrogen evolution reaction, alkaline electrolyte, carbon nanosheets, electron shuttling, interfacial electron transfer, water dissociation, H* adsorption, interface effects

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review