The DOI matches its Crossref record; 176 of the 176 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A Review of Graphene‐Based Nanostructural Materials for Both Catalyst Supports and Metal‐Free Catalysts in PEM Fuel Cell Oxygen Reduction Reactions
Abstract
A comprehensive overview and description of graphene‐based nanomaterials explored in recent years for catalyst supports and metal‐free catalysts for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell oxygen reduction reactions (ORR) is presented. The catalyst material structures/morphologies, material selection, and design for synthesis, catalytic performance, catalytic mechanisms, and theoretical approaches for catalyst down‐selection and catalyzed ORR mechanisms are emphasized with respect to the performance of ORR catalysts in terms of both activity and stability. When graphene‐based materials, including graphene and doped graphene, are used as the supporting materials for both Pt/Pt alloy catalysts and non‐precious metal catalyst, the resulting ORR catalysts can give superior catalyst activity and stability compared to those of conventional carbon‐supported catalysts; when they are used as metal‐free ORR catalysts, significant catalytic activity and stability are observed. The nitrogen‐doped graphene materials even show superior performance compared to supported metal catalysts. Challenges including the lack of material mass production, unoptimized catalyst structure/morphology, insufficient fundamental understanding, and testing tools/protocols for performance optimization and validation are identified, and approaches to address these challenges are suggested.
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Cites
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Cited by
Design of electrocatalysts for oxygen- and hydrogen-involving energy conversion reactions
Jiao, Y., Zheng, Y., Jaroniec, M., & Qiao, S. Z. (2015) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c4cs00470a · Cited by 5,388
Graphene research and their outputs: Status and prospect
Tiwari, S. K., Sahoo, S., Wang, N., & Huczko, A. (2020) · Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices · doi:10.1016/j.jsamd.2020.01.006 · Cited by 817
Defects on carbons for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction
Yan, X., Jia, Y., & Yao, X. (2018) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/c7cs00690j · Cited by 593
Electrocatalysis in Alkaline Media and Alkaline Membrane-Based Energy Technologies
Yang, Y., Peltier, C. R., Zeng, R., Schimmenti, R., Li, Q., Huang, X., Yan, Z., Potsi, G., Selhorst, R., Lu, X., et al. (2022) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00331 · Cited by 544
3D Graphene Materials: From Understanding to Design and Synthesis Control
Sun, Z., Fang, S., & Hu, Y. H. (2020) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00083 · Cited by 543
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhou, X., Qiao, J., Yang, L., & Zhang, J.
- Venue
- Advanced Energy Materials
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-02
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 8
- ISSN
- 1614-6832 (ISSN-L)
- 1614-6840
- OpenAlex
- W2157494616
- Cited by
- 498
- References
- 176
- FWCI
- 20.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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