Fluctuations, Order, and Disorder in Short Diblock Copolymers
Abstract
The phase behavior for a series of poly(1,4‐isoprene‐b‐DL‐lactide) diblock copolymers characterized by a relatively large Flory–Huggins segment–segment interaction parameter (χ) and low degrees of polymerization (N) over a range of compositions was reported. Ordered‐state morphologies were deduced from small‐angle x‐ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, and χ(T) was determined from order‐disorder transition temperatures (TODT's) associated with the compositionally symmetric specimens and assuming the mean‐field theory, that is, (χN)ODT=10.5. The ODT was determined by differential scanning calorimetry, SAXS, and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy, and shown to be weakly first‐order, with latent heats of transition that vary strongly with composition. We interpret this behavior in terms of the mean and Gauss interfacial curvature of the ordered‐state morphologies and with respect to composition fluctuations in the disordered state. These results offer a fresh strategy for investigating weakly first‐order phase transitions within the Brazovskii universality class. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 59: 3502–3513, 2013
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Since the hard block is poly(lactide), at a fixed molar mass, decreasing the polarity of the midblock segment effectively increases the segregation strength of the two blocks.
“Since in this work the hard block is poly(lactide), at a fi xed molar mass, decreasing the polarity of the midblock segment e ff ectively increases the segregation strength of the two blocks. 11,13,64,85 -89”
From Aliphatic Polyester Block Polymer Design (2016) · cites this paper as [88]
Cites
Fetters, L. J., Lohse, D. J., Richter, D., Witten, T. A., & Zirkel, A. (1994) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma00095a001 · Cited by 1,999 · see citing works
The Physics of Block Copolymers
Hamley, I. W. (1998) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780198502180.001.0001 · Cited by 1,913 · see citing works
Influence of Polydispersity on the Self-Assembly of Diblock Copolymers
Lynd, N. A., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2005) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma051025r · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Schmidt, S. C., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2002) · Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics · doi:10.1002/polb.10291 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bates, C. M., Maher, M. J., Janes, D. W., Ellison, C. J., & Willson, C. G. (2013) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma401762n · Cited by 644 · see citing works
High χ–Low N Block Polymers: How Far Can We Go?
Sinturel, C., Bates, F. S., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2015) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00472 · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Self-citationThermal processing of diblock copolymer melts mimics metallurgy
Kim, K., Schulze, M. W., Arora, A., Lewis, R. M., Hillmyer, M. A., Dorfman, K. D., & Bates, F. S. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aam7212 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Self-citationAliphatic Polyester Block Polymer Design
Schneiderman, D. K., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2016) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00211 · Cited by 290 · see citing works
σ Phase Formed in Conformationally Asymmetric AB-Type Block Copolymers.
Xie, N., Li, W., Qiu, F., & Shi, A.-C. (2014) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/mz500445v · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Lee, S.-W., Leighton, C., & Bates, F. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · doi:10.1073/pnas.1408678111 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
“In this article we offer an analysis and interpretation of experimental data obtained from a short diblock copolymer reported earlier to form a Frank– Kasper σ-phase (23, 24).”
Self-citationKennemur, J. G., Yao, L., Bates, F. S., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2014) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma4020164 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Self-citationDodecagonal quasicrystalline order in a diblock copolymer melt
Gillard, T. M., Lee, S., & Bates, F. S. (2016) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1601692113 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
“As a consequence of relatively long-lived thermally driven composition fluctuations the disordered state just above TODT contains a dense array of soft but segregated micelles characterized by a distribution of shapes and sizes with a liquid-like arrangement in space (12).”
BackgroundSelf-citationInceoglu, S., Rojas, A. A., Devaux, D., Chen, X., Stone, G., & Balsara, N. (2014) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/mz5001948 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
van Genabeek, B., de Waal, B. F. M., Mark, M. J. G., Pitet, L. M., Palmans, A. R. A., & Meijer, E. W. (2016) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.6b00629 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Origins of low-symmetry phases in asymmetric diblock copolymer melts
Kim, K., Arora, A., Lewis, R. M., Liu, M., Li, W., Shi, A., Dorfman, K. D., & Bates, F. S. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1717850115 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
“Synthetic details of the PI-PLA polymers are described elsewhere (35, 55, 70).”
BackgroundSelf-citationMartello, M. T., Schneiderman, D. K., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2014) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/sc500412a · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Kwak, J., Mishra, A. K., Lee, J. Y., Lee, K. S., Choi, C., Maiti, S., Kim, M., & Kim, J. K. (2017) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00945 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
McIntosh, L. D., Schulze, M. W., Irwin, M. T., Hillmyer, M., & Lodge, T. (2015) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma502281k · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Universal Phenomenology of Symmetric Diblock Copolymers near the Order–Disorder Transition
Medapuram, P. L. N., Glaser, J., & Morse, D. (2015) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma5017264 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Chopade, S. A., So, S., Hillmyer, M., & Lodge, T. (2016) · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.5b12366 · Cited by 88
Yan, T., Schröter, K., Herbst, F., Binder, W. H., & Thurn‐Albrecht, T. (2014) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma402007f · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Oschmann, B., Lawrence, J., Schulze, M. W., Ren, J. M., Anastasaki, A., Luo, Y., Nothling, M. D., Pester, C. W., Delaney, K. T., Connal, L. A., et al. (2017) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00262 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Schulze, M. W., & Hillmyer, M. (2017) · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02570 · Cited by 65
Laves Phases Formed in the Binary Blend of AB4 Miktoarm Star Copolymer and A-Homopolymer
Zhao, M., & Li, W. (2019) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02407 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Irwin, M. T., Hickey, R., Xie, S.-Y., So, S., Bates, F., & Lodge, T. (2016) · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01553 · Cited by 64
Self-citationvan Genabeek, B., de Waal, B. D., Ligt, B., Palmans, A., & Meijer, E. W. (2017) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00266 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Rational Design of a Block Copolymer with a High Interaction Parameter
Sweat, D. P., Kim, M., Larson, S., Choi, J. W., Choo, Y., Osuji, C., & Gopalan, P. (2014) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma501597g · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Directed assembly of lamellae forming block copolymer thin films near the order-disorder transition.
Kim, S., Nealey, P., & Bates, F. (2014) · Nano letters (Print) · doi:10.1021/nl403628d · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationPhase Behavior of a Block Copolymer/Salt Mixture through the Order-to-Disorder Transition
Thelen, J. L., Teran, A. A., Wang, X., Garetz, B. A., Nakamura, I., Wang, Z.-G., & Balsara, N. (2014) · doi:10.1021/ma500292n · Cited by 55
Quasicrystals and Their Approximants in a Crystalline–Amorphous Diblock Copolymer
Mueller, A., Lindsay, A. P., Jayaraman, A., Lodge, T. P., Mahanthappa, M. K., & Bates, F. S. (2021) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02871 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationSimple and Accurate Calibration of the Flory–Huggins Interaction Parameter
Willis, J. D., Beardsley, T. M., & Matsen, M. W. (2020) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02115 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Lindsay, A. P., Cheong, G. K., Peterson, A. J., Weigand, S. L., Dorfman, K. D., Lodge, T. P., & Bates, F. S. (2021) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01290 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationVidil, T., Hampu, N., & Hillmyer, M. (2017) · ACS Central Science · doi:10.1021/acscentsci.7b00358 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Schmitt, A. K., & Mahanthappa, M. K. (2014) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma5006233 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Ding, W., Wang, S., Yao, K., Ganewatta, M. S., Tang, C., & Robertson, M. L. (2017) · ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering · doi:10.1021/acssuschemeng.7b02676 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Structure, viscoelasticity, and interfacial dynamics of a model polymeric bicontinuous microemulsion
Hickey, R. J., Gillard, T. M., Irwin, M. T., Lodge, T. P., & Bates, F. S. (2015) · Soft Matter · doi:10.1039/c5sm02009c · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Self-citationPLA Block Polymers: Versatile Materials for a Sustainable Future
Krajovic, D. M., Kumler, M. S., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2025) · Biomacromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00161 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Order and Disorder in High χ/Low N, Broad Dispersity ABA Triblock Polymers
Schmitt, A. K., & Mahanthappa, M. K. (2017) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01452 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Lee, S., Lee, K., Jang, J., Choung, J. S., Choi, W. J., Kim, G.-J., Kim, Y., & Shin, J. (2017) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2017.02.008 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Self-citationGillard, T. M., Medapuram, P., Morse, D. C., & Bates, F. S. (2015) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00277 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Self-citationHickey, R. J., Gillard, T. M., Irwin, M. T., Morse, D. C., Lodge, T. P., & Bates, F. S. (2016) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01872 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationMorphological Consequences of Frustration in ABC Triblock Polymers
Radlauer, M. R., Sinturel, C., Asai, Y., Arora, A., Bates, F. S., Dorfman, K. D., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2016) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6b02112 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Self-citationImproved self‐assembly of poly(dimethylsiloxane‐b‐ethylene oxide) using a hydrogen‐bonding additive
Luo, Y., Kim, B., Montarnal, D., Mester, Z., Pester, C. W., McGrath, A. J., Hill, G., Krämer, E. J., Fredrickson, G. H., & Hawker, C. J. (2016) · Journal of Polymer Science Part A Polymer Chemistry · doi:10.1002/pola.28093 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Lindsay, A. P., Jayaraman, A., Peterson, A. J., Mueller, A., Weigand, S. L., Almdal, K., Mahanthappa, M. K., Lodge, T. P., & Bates, F. S. (2021) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.1c02420 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular Engineering of Nanostructures in Disordered Block Polymers.
Hampu, N., & Hillmyer, M. (2020) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00036 · Cited by 22
Hampu, N., Bates, M., Vidil, T., & Hillmyer, M. (2019) · ACS Applied Nano Materials · doi:10.1021/acsanm.9b00922 · Cited by 22
Tricontinuous Nanostructured Polymers via Polymerization-Induced Microphase Separation.
Saba, S. A., Lee, B., & Hillmyer, M. (2017) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00677 · Cited by 22
Poly(cyclohexylethylene)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) Block Polymers for Metal Oxide Templating.
Schulze, M. W., Sinturel, C., & Hillmyer, M. (2015) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00458 · Cited by 21
Hampu, N., & Hillmyer, M. (2019) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.9b00150 · Cited by 20
Habersberger, B. M., Gillard, T. M., Hickey, R., Lodge, T., & Bates, F. (2014) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/mz500531y · Cited by 20
Self-citationZeng, D., & Hayward, R. (2019) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00050 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Commensurability and finite size effects in lattice simulations of diblock copolymers.
Arora, A., Morse, D., Bates, F., & Dorfman, K. (2015) · Soft Matter · doi:10.1039/c5sm00838g · Cited by 17
Self-citationCrystallinity-Independent Toughness in Renewable Poly( l -lactide) Triblock Plastics
Krajovic, D. M., Haugstad, G. D., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2024) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02580 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Chan, W. Y., & Hillmyer, M. (2022) · ACS Applied Polymer Materials · doi:10.1021/acsapm.2c00065 · Cited by 16
Chintapalli, M., Timachova, K., Olson, K. R., Mecham, S., DeSimone, J., & Balsara, N. (2020) · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01637 · Cited by 16
Poly(Isoprene)-Block-Poly(Ethylene Oxide) Diblock Copolymer Toughened Polylactide
Larson, M. C., Coote, J. P., Bates, F. S., & Ellison, C. J. (2024) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.4c01832 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Self-citationTrant, C., Hwang, S., Bae, C., & Lee, S.-W. (2020) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01761 · Cited by 15
Self-citationHickey, R. J., Gillard, T. M., Lodge, T. P., & Bates, F. S. (2015) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00014 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationVarious Low-Symmetry Phases in High-χ and Conformationally Asymmetric PDMS-b-PTFEA Copolymers
Jeon, S., Jun, T., Jeon, H. I., Ahn, H., Lee, S.-W., Lee, B., & Ryu, D. (2021) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01760 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Self-citationFrom Order to Disorder: Computational Design of Triblock Amphiphiles with 1 nm Domains
Shen, Z., Chen, J. L., Vernadskaia, V., Ertem, S. P., Mahanthappa, M. K., Hillmyer, M. A., Reineke, T. M., Lodge, T. P., & Siepmann, J. I. (2020) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/jacs.0c01829 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Topology Effect on Order–Disorder Transition of High-χ Block Copolymers
Chang, C.-Y., Manesi, G.-M., Xie, J., Shi, A.-C., Shastry, T., Avgeropoulos, A., & Ho, R.-M. (2024) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00906 · Cited by 12
Zhang, J.-R., Kremer, K., Michels, J., & Daoulas, K. (2020) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02402 · Cited by 12
Network Model of the Disordered Phase in Symmetric Diblock Copolymer Melts.
Yadav, M., Bates, F., & Morse, D. (2018) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.121.127802 · Cited by 12
Self-citationComputer simulation study of polydispersity effect on the phase behavior of short diblock copolymers
Jiao, G.-S., Li, Y., Qian, H.-J., & Lu, Z.-Y. (2016) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2016.04.065 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Jackson, E. A., Lee, Y., Radlauer, M. R., & Hillmyer, M. (2015) · ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.5b08856 · Cited by 12
Takagi, H., Yamamoto, K., Okamoto, S., & Sakurai, S. (2015) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2015.04.041 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Maimaitiming, A., Sun, X.-L., Lu, Y., Wu, G., Men, Y., Dong, X.-R., & Tang, Y.-S. (2022) · Composites Part B: Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2022.110283 · Cited by 11
Order and Disorder in ABCA′ Tetrablock Terpolymers
Radlauer, M. R., Arora, A., Matta, M. E., Bates, F. S., Dorfman, K. D., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2020) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry B · doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c07543 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationControlled synthesis of ABCA' tetrablock terpolymers
Radlauer, M. R., Fukuta, S., Matta, M. E., & Hillmyer, M. A. (2017) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2017.07.025 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Microphase separation of short wormlike diblock copolymers with a finite interaction range.
Jiang, Y., Zhang, X., Miao, B., Yan, D.-D., & Chen, J. Z. Y. (2016) · Soft Matter · doi:10.1039/c5sm02865e · Cited by 10
Gillard, T. M., Phelan, D., Leighton, C., & Bates, F. (2015) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5b00881 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citationHampu, N., & Hillmyer, M. (2020) · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01424 · Cited by 9
Carilli, M., Delaney, K., & Fredrickson, G. (2018) · Journal of Chemical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.5003150 · Cited by 8
Nouri, B., & Chen, H.-L. (2024) · Journal of polymer research · doi:10.1007/s10965-024-03958-w · Cited by 6 · see citing works
“4 Effect of the conformational asymmetry and molecular architecture on the curvature of A/B interface under a given composition [48] discrepancy was attributed to the mean-field nature of SCFT [47, 50].”
He, J., & Wang, Q. (2024) · Polymers · doi:10.3390/polym16030372 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Transient Laser-Annealing-Induced Mesophase Transitions of Block Copolymer–Resol Thin Films
Tu, W. H., Seah, G. L., Li, Y., Wang, X., & Tan, K. W. (2021) · ACS Polymers Au · doi:10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00040 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Chintapalli, M., Timachova, K., Olson, K. R., Banaszak, M., Thelen, J. L., Mecham, S., DeSimone, J., & Balsara, N. (2017) · Soft Matter · doi:10.1039/c7sm00738h · Cited by 4
Nonlinear Melt Rheology of Lamellae Forming Polystyrene‐b‐Poly‐2‐Vinylpyridine Diblock Copolymers
Heck, M., & Wilhelm, M. (2024) · Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics · doi:10.1002/macp.202300441 · Cited by 3
Frank–Kasper Phases of Diblock Copolymer Melts Studied with the DPD Model: SCF Results
He, J., & Wang, Q. (2022) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00933 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Majoinen, J., Bouilhac, C., Rannou, P., & Borsali, R. (2022) · ACS Macro Letters · doi:10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00712 · Cited by 3
Qin, J., & Loo, W. S. (2026) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.5c03429 · Cited by 2
Kangovi, G. N., Park, S., & Lee, S.-W. (2018) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01104 · Cited by 2
Self-citationFotaras, N., Simon, M. M., Avgeropoulos, A., Frey, H., & Floudas, G. (2026) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.6c00481 · Cited by 1
Stability of Vertical Lamellae Formed by Linear and Cyclic Block Copolymers
Kumar, R., Ashbaugh, H., & Albert, J. N. L. (2026) · Polymer · doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2026.129734 · Cited by 1
Karavolias, M. G., & Mahanthappa, M. (2024) · PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS · doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.8.015603 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“24 g / cm 3 at 25 the SAXS patterns for samples annealed at T (cid:2) 118 ◦ C yield only a single broad, low-intensity peak, consistent with the correlation-hole scattering of a fluctuating, disordered micellar melt [43,44].”
Coutouly, C., van Ruymbeke, E., Ramos, L., Dieudonné-George, P., & Fustin, C. (2022) · Journal of rheology · doi:10.1122/8.0000565 · Cited by 1
Quasicrystalline Order in Soft Matter Systems.
Sun, Y.-H., Zhang, Y.-T., & Zhu, G.-L. (2026) · ACS Nano · doi:10.1021/acsnano.6c12187
Simulations of sphere-forming diblock copolymer melts
Chawla, A., Bates, F., Dorfman, K., & Morse, D. (2022) · PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS · doi:10.1103/physrevmaterials.6.095602
Self-citationPospiech, D., Choińska, R., Eckstein, K., Jehnichen, D., Häussler, L., Friedel, P., Simon, F., Reuter, U., & Voit, B. (2018) · Polymer Bulletin · doi:10.1007/s00289-018-2383-1
- Authors
- Lee, S., Gillard, T. M., & Bates, F. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Corresponding author
- Bates, Frank S.
- Venue
- AIChE Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-02-11
- Volume
- 59
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 3502-3513
- ISSN
- 0001-1541 (ISSN-L)
- 1547-5905
- OpenAlex
- W2108642112
- Cited by
- 100
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 5.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- AIChE Journal (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Block Copolymer Self-Assembly
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Polymers and Plastics › Polymer crystallization and properties
- Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization
- Keywords
- diblock copolymers, order-disorder transition, Flory-Huggins interaction parameter, compositional fluctuations, interfacial curvature, small-angle X-ray scattering, mean-field theory, block copolymer phase behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
