Cited by 296Viral-associated cancers and disordersIgG4-Related and Inflammatory DiseasesLymphadenopathy Diagnosis and Analysis

Clinicopathologic analysis of TAFRO syndrome demonstrates a distinct subtype of HHV ‐8‐negative multicentric Castleman disease

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Iwaki, Noriko, Fajgenbaum, David C., Nabel, Christopher S., Gion, Yuka, Kondo, Eisei, Kawano, Mitsuhiro, Masunari, Taro, Yoshida, Isao +14 more·2016·American Journal of Hematology

Abstract

Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) describes a heterogeneous group of disorders involving systemic inflammation, characteristic lymph node histopathology, and multi‐organ dysfunction because of pathologic hypercytokinemia. Whereas Human Herpes Virus‐8 (HHV‐8) drives the hypercytokinemia in a cohort of immunocompromised patients, the etiology of HHV‐8‐negative MCD is idiopathic (iMCD). Recently, a limited series of iMCD cases in Japan sharing a constellation of clinical features, including thrombocytopenia (T), anasarca (A), fever (F), reticulin fibrosis (R), and organomegaly (O) has been described as TAFRO syndrome. Herein, we report clinicopathological findings on 25 patients (14 males and 11 females; 23 Japanese‐born and two US‐born), the largest TAFRO syndrome case series, including the first report of cases from the USA. The median age of onset was 50 years old (range: 23–72). The frequency of each feature was as follows: thrombocytopenia (21/25), anasarca (24/25), fever (21/25), organomegaly (25/25), and reticulin fibrosis (13/16). These patients frequently demonstrated abdominal pain, elevated serum alkaline phosphatase levels, and acute kidney failure. Surprisingly, none of the cases demonstrated marked hypergammoglobulinemia, which is frequently reported in iMCD. Lymph node biopsies revealed atrophic germinal centers with enlarged nuclei of endothelial cells and proliferation of endothelial venules in interfollicular zone. 23 of 25 cases were treated initially with corticosteroids; 12 patients responded poorly and required further therapy. Three patients died during the observation period (median: 9 months) because of disease progression or infections. TAFRO syndrome is a unique subtype of iMCD that demonstrates characteristic clinicopathological findings. Further study to clarify prognosis, pathophysiology, and appropriate treatment is needed. Am. J. Hematol. 91:220–226, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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  • Patients with the TAFRO subtype of idiopathic multicentric Castleman's disease tend to have the most severe cytokine storm.

    “Patients with the thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly (TAFRO) subtype tend to have the most severe cytokine storm.79”

    From Cytokine storm (2020) · cites this paper as [79]

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  1. Chadburn A, Cesarman E, Nador RG, Liu YF, Knowles DM. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated her- pesvirus sequences in benign lymphoid. Cancer 1997; 80:788-797.
  2. Gessain A. [Human herpesvirus 8 and associ- ated diseases: Kaposi's sarcoma, body cavity based. Bull Acad Natl Med 1997; 181:1023- 1034.
  3. Suda T, Katano H, Delsol G, et al. HHV-8 infection status of AIDS-unrelated and AIDS- associated multicentric. Pathol Int 2001; 51:671- 679.
  4. Takai K, Nikkuni K, Shibuya H, Hashidate H. Thrombocytopenia with mild bone marrow fibrosis accompanied by fever, pleural. Rinsho Ketsueki 2010; 51:320-325.
  5. Kojima M, Nakamura N, Tsukamoto N, et al. Clinical implications of idiopathic multicentric castleman disease among. Int J Surg Pathol 2008; 16:391-398.

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Authors
Iwaki, N., Fajgenbaum, D. C., Nabel, C. S., Gion, Y., Kondo, E., Kawano, M., Masunari, T., Yoshida, I., Moro, H., Nikkuni, K., Takai, K., Matsue, K., Kurosawa, M., Hagihara, M., Saito, A., Okamoto, M., Yokota, K., Hiraiwa, S., Nakamura, N., Nakao, S., Yoshino, T., & Sato, Y.
Affiliations
  • Kanazawa University (JP)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
  • Okayama University (JP)
  • Kanazawa University Hospital (JP)
  • Chugoku Central Hospital (JP)
  • Shikoku Cancer Center (JP)
  • Niigata University (JP)
  • Niigata City General Hospital (JP)
  • Kameda Medical Center (JP)
  • Sapporo National Hospital (JP)
  • Eiju General Hospital (JP)
  • National Hospital Organization (JP)
  • Fujita Health University (JP)
  • Tokai University (JP)
Corresponding author
Sato, Yasuharu
Venue
American Journal of Hematology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2016-01-22
Volume
91
Issue
2
Pages
220-226
ISSN
  • 0361-8609 (ISSN-L)
  • 1096-8652
OpenAlex
W2179940598
Cited by
296
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 1
FWCI
10.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Hematology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Viral-associated cancers and disorders
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › IgG4-Related and Inflammatory Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lymphadenopathy Diagnosis and Analysis
Keywords
TAFRO syndrome, multicentric Castleman disease, idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease, thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, organomegaly, cytokine storm, lymph node histopathology, endothelial cell proliferation, corticosteroid therapy, acute kidney injury, hypergammaglobulinemia
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Female, Castleman Disease, Humans, Lymph Nodes, Male, Middle Aged, Plasma Cells, Platelet Count, Syndrome, Thrombocytopenia, Herpesvirus 8, Human, Young Adult

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