Rapidly progressive acute chest syndrome in individuals with sickle cell anemia: a distinct acute chest syndrome phenotype
Open accessAbstract
Current definitions of acute chest syndrome (ACS) in sickle cell anemia (SCA) do not account for rapid progression of respiratory compromise. In this two‐center retrospective cohort study, we tested the hypothesis that in children and adults with ACS and respiratory failure (≤24 hours after onset of respiratory symptoms) have a distinct ACS phenotype associated with multiorgan failure when compared to those with ACS that have a more subacute and protracted course. We identified 173 individuals (97 children <20 years and 76 adults ≥20 years) with SCA and at least one episode of ACS. Only one ACS episode was considered per individual. Rapidly progressive ACS occurred in 21% (n = 16) of adults, but only 2.1% (n = 2) of children. Compared to adults without rapidly progressive ACS, adults with rapidly progressive ACS more frequently developed acute kidney injury (68.8% vs. 3.3%, P < 0.001), hepatic dysfunction (75.0% vs. 15.0%, P < 0.001), altered mental status (43.8% vs. 11.7%, P < 0.001), multiorgan failure (93.8% vs. 10%, P < 0.001), and death (6.3% vs. 0%, P = 0.05). Clinical and laboratory covariates that were evaluable on the first day of respiratory symptoms were evaluated to identify predictors of rapidly progressive ACS. On multivariable analysis, decline in platelet count at presentation was the only predictor of rapidly progressive ACS [odds ratio 4.82 (95% CI 1.20–19.39), P = 0.027]. In conclusion, rapidly progressive ACS is a distinct phenotype that occurs more frequently in adults, is preceded by thrombocytopenia, and is associated with multiorgan failure. Am. J. Hematol. 91:1185–1190, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Elevated initial platelet count and dramatic drops during vaso-occlusive crisis have been found to portend a poor prognosis in acute chest syndrome.
“Elevated initial platelet count and dramatic drops during VOC have been found to portend a poor prognosis in ACS (29, 208, 219).”
From Pathophysiology of Sickle Cell Disease (2019) · cites this paper as [29]
The Discussion (page unavailable) associates thrombocytopenia with poor ACS outcomes, and the results identify a decrease in platelet count at presentation as a predictor of rapidly progressive ACS. The paper does not establish that an elevated initial platelet count predicts poor prognosis; its platelet-drop finding concerns presentation with ACS, not specifically drops during vaso-occlusive crisis. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Disorders of red cells and platelets
MBBS, F. B. J. B. (2021) · doi:10.1002/9781119820307.ch8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Johnkennedy, N., JOSEPH, N. C., NKIRUKA, O.-A., Chidozie, N. J., Joy, A. C. A., & Okechukwu-Ezike, N. C. (2020) · Innovare Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.22159/ijms.2020.v8i2.37003
Inmigracion: el desafio de la convivencia
Terán, D. B. (2001) · Tiempo de paz
Morrone, K. A., Andreca, M., Silver, E. J., Xiang, A., Strumph, K. L., Manwani, D. G., Rinke, M. L., Kurian, J., Orentlicher, R. J., & Liszewski, M. C. (2023) · Pediatric Pulmonology · doi:10.1002/ppul.26634
Crisis in the Chest: Acute Chest Syndrome as a Sequela of Tricuspid Valve Endocarditis
Patel, N. N., Ebubechukwu, U. J., Saith, S. E., Ugoala, O. S., Kahn, A. B., McFarlane, S. I., & John, S. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.61061
Let’s Not Keep Acute Chest Syndrome Under an Umbrella
Klings, E. S., Cohen, R. T., & Ruhl, A. P. (2025) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.202503-0639ed
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Levy, M., Naudin, J., Geslain, G., Maroni, A., Koehl, B., Bourgeois, F. L., Poncelet, G., Chomton, M., Dehò, A., Julliand, S., et al. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25572517
Emerging concepts in sickle cell disease acute chest syndrome
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Genetic Contribution to Asthma Informs Acute Chest Syndrome Pathophysiology and Risk Stratification
Aouhel, S. E., Bellegarde, V., Faria, S. D. S., St-Laurent, T., Lecluze, E., D'Orengiani, A.-L. P. H. D., Galactéros, F., Bartolucci, P., Legault, M., Lettre, G., et al. (2026) · American Journal of Hematology · doi:10.1002/ajh.70262
Supportive care, prevention, and emerging therapies for acute chest syndrome in sickle cell disease
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Shaybah, M. E., Alsehli, O., Al-Harthi, A., Bajuaifer, N., Bafaqih, M., Alzhrani, M., Alasmari, A., Kashgari, A., Alhazmi, O., & Munshi, A. S. (2026) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina62091731
- Authors
- Chaturvedi, S., Ghafuri, D. L., Glassberg, J., Kassim, A. A., Rodeghier, M., & DeBaun, M. R.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Mount Sinai Hospital (US)
- Rodeghier Consultants Chicago Illinois
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- DeBaun, Michael R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Hematology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-10-03
- Volume
- 91
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1185-1190
- ISSN
- 0361-8609 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-8652
- OpenAlex
- W2511476568
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 36
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 3.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Hematology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Burroughs Wellcome Foundation
- American Society of Hematology
- NCATS/NIH (UL1 TR000445)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Methemoglobinemia and Tumor Lysis Syndrome
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- acute chest syndrome, sickle cell disease, phenotypes, respiratory failure, multiple organ failure, acute kidney injury, liver dysfunction, thrombocytopenia, platelet count decline, mortality, children and adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anemia, Sickle Cell, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Multiple Organ Failure, Phenotype, Respiratory Insufficiency, Retrospective Studies, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Disease Progression, Young Adult, Acute Chest Syndrome
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