CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 66Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchHealth Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of LifeAlzheimer's disease research and treatments

Dementia prevention: The potential long‐term cost‐effectiveness of the FINGER prevention program

Open access
Wimo, Anders, Handels, Ron, Antikainen, Riitta, Eriksdotter, Maria, Jönsson, Linus, Knapp, Martin, Kulmala, Jenni, Laatikainen, Tiina +9 more·2023·Alzheimer's & Dementia
DOI 10.1002/alz.12698
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to estimate the potential cost‐effectiveness of the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) program. Methods: A life‐time Markov model with societal perspective, simulating a cohort of people at risk of dementia reflecting usual care and the FINGER program. Results: Costs were 1,653,275 and 1,635,346 SEK and quality‐adjusted life years (QALYs) were 8.636 and 8.679 for usual care and the FINGER program, respectively, resulting in savings of 16,928 SEK (2023 US$) and 0.043 QALY gains per person, supporting extended dominance for the FINGER program. A total of 1623 dementia cases were avoided with 0.17 fewer person‐years living with dementia. The sensitivity analysis confirmed the conclusions in most scenarios. Discussion: The model provides support that programs like FINGER have the potential to be cost‐effective in preventing dementia. Results at the individual level are rather modest, but the societal benefits can be substantial because of the large potential target population.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/alz.12698

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Interventions for individual and multiple risks would potentially be cost-effective but scalability is challenging.

    “Interventions for individual and multiple risks would potentially be cost-effective but scalability is challenging, (7, 277-279)”

    From Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2024 report of the Lancet standing Commission (2024) · cites this paper as [278]

    The Conclusions and Discussion say that the multidomain FINGER program may be cost-effective and that its large potential target population could yield substantial societal benefits. The paper does not establish that single-risk interventions are cost-effective or state that scalability is challenging; its Introduction instead notes that single-risk-factor interventions have often failed to show significant effects. The indexed passages provide section labels but no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.84)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 33

  1. Winblad B, Amouyel P, Andrieu S, et al. Defeating Alzheimer's dis- ease and other dementias: a priority for European science and society. Lancet Neurol. 2016;15:455-532.
  2. Mangialasche F, Kivipelto M, Solomon A, Fratiglioni L. Dementia pre- vention: current epidemiological evidence and future perspective. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2013;4:6.
  3. Chibnik LB, Wolters FJ, Backman K, et al. Trends in the incidence of dementia: design and methods in the Alzheimer Cohorts Consortium. Eur J Epidemiol. 2017;32:931-938.
  4. Wu YT, Beiser AS, Breteler MMB, et al. The changing prevalence and incidence of dementia over time -current evidence. Nat Rev Neurol. 2017;13:327-339.
  5. Kivipelto M, Solomon A, Ahtiluoto S, et al. The Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER): study design and progress. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;9:657- 665.
  6. Kivipelto M, Ngandu T, Laatikainen T, Winblad B, Soininen H, Tuomilehto J. Risk score for the prediction of dementia risk in 20 years among middle aged people: a longitudinal, population-based study. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:735-741.
  7. Zhang Y, Kivipelto M, Solomon A, Wimo A. Cost-effectiveness of a health intervention program with risk reductions for getting demented: results of a Markov model in a Swedish/Finnish setting. J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;26:735-744.
  8. Solomon A, Soininen H. Dementia: risk prediction models in dementia prevention. Nat Rev Neurol. 2015;11:375-377.
  9. Whyte S, Dixon S, Faria R, et al. Estimating the cost-effectiveness of implementation: is sufficient evidence available? Value Health. 2016;19:138-144.
  10. Drummond MF, O'Brien B, Stoddart GL, Torrance GW. Methods for the Economic Evaluation of Health Care Programmes. Oxford University Press; 1997.
  11. Basu A, Ganiats TG. Discounting in cost-effectiveness analysis. In: Neumann PJ, Ganiats TG, Russel LB, Sanders GD, Siegel JE, eds. Cost- Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. 2nd ed. Oxford Scholarship Online; 2016.
  12. Launer LJ, Andersen K, Dewey ME, et al. Rates and risk factors for dementia and Alzheimer's disease: results from EURODEM pooled analyses. EURODEM Incidence Research Group and Work Groups. European Studies of Dementia. Neurology. 1999;52:78-84.
  13. Coley N, Hoevenaar-Blom MP, van Dalen JW, et al. Dementia risk scores as surrogate outcomes for lifestyle-based multidomain preven- tion trials-rationale, preliminary evidence and challenges. Alzheimers Dement. 2020;16:1674-1685.
  14. Anstey KJ, Zheng L, Peters R, et al. Dementia risk scores and their role in the implementation of risk reduction guidelines. Front Neurol. 2021;12:765454.
  15. Solomon A, Handels R, Wimo A, et al. Effect of a multidomain lifestyle intervention on estimated dementia risk. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021;82:1461-1466.
  16. Religa D, Fereshtehnejad SM, Cermakova P, et al. SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry -a tool for improving the quality of diag- nostics, treatment and care of dementia patients in clinical practice. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0116538.
  17. Handels R, Jönsson L, Garcia-Ptacek S, Eriksdotter M, Wimo A. Controlling for selective drop-out in longitudinal dementia data: appli- cation to the SveDem registry. Alzheimer Dement. 2020:16(5):789-796.
  18. Wimo A, Handels R, Winblad B, et al. Quantifying and describing the natural history and costs of Alzheimer's disease and effects of hypothetical interventions. J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;75:891-902.
  19. Skoldunger A, Johnell K, Winblad B, Wimo A. Mortality and treat- ment costs have a great impact on the cost-effectiveness of disease modifying treatment in Alzheimer's disease -a simulation study. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2013;10:207-216.
  20. Skoldunger A, Wimo A, Johnell K. Net costs of dementia in Sweden - an incidence based 10 year simulation study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2012;27:1112-1117.
  21. Wimo A, Jonsson L, Fratiglioni L, et al. The societal costs of dementia in Sweden 2012 -relevance and methodological challenges in valuing informal care. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2016;8:59.
  22. Mesterton J, Wimo A, By A, Langworth S, Winblad B, Jonsson L. Cross sectional observational study on the societal costs of Alzheimer's disease. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2010;7:358-367.
  23. Davis JC, Bryan S, Marra CA, Hsiung GY, Liu-Ambrose T. Challenges with cost-utility analyses of behavioural interventions among older adults at risk for dementia. Br J Sports Med. 2015;49:1343-1347.
  24. Leong DP, Joseph PG, McKee M, et al. Reducing the global bur- den of cardiovascular disease, part 2: prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Circ Res. 2017;121:695-710.
  25. Jousilahti P, Laatikainen T, Peltonen M, et al. Primary prevention and risk factor reduction in coronary heart disease mortality among work- ing aged men and women in eastern Finland over 40 years: population based observational study. BMJ. 2016;352:i721.
  26. Bruscoli M, Lovestone S. Is MCI really just early dementia? A system- atic review of conversion studies. Int Psychogeriatr. 2004;16:129-140.
  27. Spackman DE, Kadiyala S, Neumann PJ, Veenstra DL, Sullivan SD. Mea- suring Alzheimer disease progression with transition probabilities: estimates from NACC-UDS. Curr Alzheimer Res. 2012;9:1050-1058.
  28. Ngandu T, Lehtisalo J, Levalahti E, et al. Recruitment and baseline characteristics of participants in the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER)-a randomized controlled lifestyle trial. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014;11:9345-9360.
  29. Rose G. Sick individuals and sick populations. Int J Epidemiol. 1985;14:32-38.
  30. Kivipelto M, Mangialasche F, Ngandu T. Lifestyle interventions to pre- vent cognitive impairment, dementia and Alzheimer disease. Nat Rev Neurol. 2018;14:653-666.
  31. Marengoni A, Rizzuto D, Fratiglioni L, et al. The effect of a 2-year intervention consisting of diet, physical exercise, cognitive training, and monitoring of vascular risk on chronic morbidity-the FINGER randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2018;19:355-360.
  32. Lin PJ, Yang Z, Fillit HM, Cohen JT, Neumann PJ, Unintended benefits: the potential economic impact of addressing risk factors to prevent Alzheimer's disease. Health Aff (Millwood). 2014;33:547-554.
  33. Kingston A, Robinson L, Booth H, Knapp M, Jagger C, project M. Pro- jections of multi-morbidity in the older population in England to 2035: estimates from the Population Ageing and Care Simulation (PACSim) model. Age Ageing. 2018;47:374-380.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Wimo, A., Handels, R., Antikainen, R., Eriksdotter, M., Jönsson, L., Knapp, M., Kulmala, J., Laatikainen, T., Lehtisalo, J., Peltonen, M., Sköldunger, A., Soininen, H., Solomon, A., Strandberg, T., Tuomilehto, J., Ngandu, T., & Kivipelto, M.
Affiliations
  • Karolinska Institutet (SE)
  • Center for Life Course Health Research/Geriatrics University of Oulu Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland
  • Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
  • London School of Economics and Political Science (GB)
  • Tampere University (FI)
  • University of Eastern Finland (FI)
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
Corresponding author
Wimo, Anders
ORCID
Venue
Alzheimer's & Dementia
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2022-07-16
Volume
19
Issue
3
Pages
999-1008
ISSN
  • 1552-5260 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-5279
DOI
10.1002/alz.12698
OpenAlex
W4285588043
Cited by
66
References
5
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 3
FWCI
7.98
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Alzheimer s & Dementia (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
  • London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
  • Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
  • Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
  • Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
Funders
  • European Research Council (804371)
  • Academy of Finland (317465, 287490, 294061, 319318)
  • Alzheimerfonden
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
Keywords
dementia prevention
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Dementia, Female, Finland, Humans, Male, Markov Chains, Quality-Adjusted Life Years

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review