Experimental models of virus-induced demyelination of the central nervous system

Dal Canto, Mauro C.; Rabinowitz, Stanley G.

doi:10.1002/ana.410110202

Cited by 173Multiple Sclerosis Research StudiesViral Infections and Immunology ResearchVirology and Viral Diseases

Experimental models of virus-induced demyelination of the central nervous system

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Dal Canto, Mauro C., Rabinowitz, Stanley G.·1982·Annals of Neurology

DOI 10.1002/ana.410110202PMC PMC7159566

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Abstract

One of the arguments in favor of a viral pathogenesis for multiple sclerosis is the existence of several experimental and natural animal models of virus‐induced primary demyelination. This review deals comprehensively with such models. Well‐known examples of demyelinating viral infections in their natural host are JHM, Theiler, visna, and canine distemper encephalomyelitides. Recent reports of experimental murine infections with pathogens such as vesicular stomatitis, Chandipura, herpes simplex, Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis, and Semliki Forest viruses are also discussed. The thrust of the review is to include viral models suspected of producing primary demyelination on an immunopathological basis.

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VEEV neurological sequelae share progressive characteristics of neurodegenerative disorders including cognitive, motor, or sensory deficits.
“Although previous studies do not indicate VEEV is related to neurodegeneration, VEEV neurological sequelae share progressive characteristics of neurodegenerative disorders including cognitive, motor, or sensory deficits [4,14,15].”
From VEEV TC-83 Triggers Dysregulation of the Tryptophan–Kynurenine Pathway in the Central Nervous System That Correlates with Cognitive Impairment in Tg2576 Mice (2024) · cites this paper as [14]
The “Venezuelan Equine Encephalomyelitis Virus” section (page not available in our copy) says VEEV can cause encephalitis in animals and humans and reports spinal-cord demyelination in infected mice. It does not describe progressive VEEV neurological sequelae or cognitive, motor, or sensory deficits; the passage about symptoms progressing over years concerns visna virus, not VEEV. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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“A prevailing view derived from the epidemiology of MS is that viral exposure, early in life in those with a specific genetic background predisposes to a later autoimmune-mediated attack on the CNS (Dal Canto and Rabinowitz, 1982; Denic et al., 2011; Stohlman and Hinton, 2001).”
Failure of remyelination in areas of demyelination produced in the spinal cord of old rats
Gilson, J., & Blakemore, W. (1993) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1993.tb00424.x · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Demyelination Determinants Map to the Spike Glycoprotein Gene of Coronavirus Mouse Hepatitis Virus
Sarma, J. D., Fu, L., Tsai, J. C., Weiss, S., & Lavi, E. (2000) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.74.19.9206-9213.2000 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
“Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and several virus-induced experimental models, including coronavirus infection in mice (5), have been instrumental in providing insight into the pathogenesis of demyelination.”
Selective degeneration of oligodendrocytes mediated by reactive oxygen species.
Griot, C., Vandevelde, M., Richard, A., Peterhans, E., & Stocker, R. (1990) · Free Radical Research Communications · doi:10.3109/10715769009088915 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
The neurobiology of canine distemper virus infection
Vandevelde, M., & Zurbriggen, A. (1995) · Veterinary Microbiology · doi:10.1016/0378-1135(95)00021-2 · Cited by 105
“The demyelinating lesions are not only responsible for severe neuro- logical signs but are also thought to be a model for human demyelinating conditions such as multiple sclerosis (Dal Canto and Rabinowitz, 1982; Appel et al., 198 1) .”
Background
Monoclonal autoantibodies promote central nervous system repair in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
Miller, D. J., Sanborn, K. S., Katzmann, J., & Rodriguez, M. (1994) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-10-06230.1994 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Glial cells of the human developing brain and B cells of the immune system share a common DNA binding factor for recognition of the regulatory sequences of the human polyomavirus, JCV
Major, E., Amemiya, K., Elder, G., & Houff, S. (1990) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490270405 · Cited by 100
DA strain of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus induces demyelination in nude mice
Roos, R. P., & Wollmann, R. (1984) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410150516 · Cited by 93
Persistence of RNA viruses in the central nervous system.
Kristensson, K., & Norrby, E. (1986) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.40.100186.001111 · Cited by 89
Up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex class II antigen expression in the central nervous system of dogs with spontaneous canine distemper virus encephalitis
Alldinger, S., Wünschmann, A., Baumgärtner, W., Voß, C., & Kremmer, E. (1996) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s004010050518 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“Due to the similarities between the neuropathological findings, this canine central nervous system (CNS) disease is regarded as a model for multiple sclerosis (MS) [ 13 ].”
Background
Parainfectious Optic Neuritis: Report and Review Following Varicella
Selbst, R. G., Selhorst, J., Harbison, J., & Myer, E. (1983) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.1983.04050060047007 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Neurodegenerative diseases of infancy and childhood
Dyken, P., & Krawiecki, N. (1983) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410130402 · Cited by 76
Virus-induced demyelination in mice: "dying back" of oligodendrocytes.
Rodriguez, M. (1985) · Mayo Clinic proceedings · doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)60865-9 · Cited by 75
Evidence for multiple sclerosis as an infectious disease
Cook, S., Rohowsky-Kochan, C., Bansil, S., & Dowling, P. (1995) · Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Supplementum · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1995.tb05854.x · Cited by 71
Experimental demyelination induced by coronavirus JHM (MHV-4): molecular identification of a viral determinant of paralytic disease
Fleming, J., Trousdale, M., Bradbury, J., Stohlman, S., & Weiner, L. (1987) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/0882-4010(87)90033-7 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Axonal Pathology and Loss Precede Demyelination and Accompany Chronic Lesions in a Spontaneously Occurring Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Seehusen, F., & Baumgärtner, W. (2010) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.2009.00332.x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
“Due to the morphological similarities between the neuropathological changes in DL and Multiple Sclerosis (MS), nervous distemper advanced to an important spontaneously occurring animal model of human demyelinating diseases (3, 11, 49).”
Background
Identification of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets and B cells in the brain of dogs with spontaneous acute, subacute-, and chronic-demyelinating distemper encephalitis.
Wünschmann, A., Alldinger, S., Kremmer, E., & Baumgärtner, W. (1999) · Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology · doi:10.1016/s0165-2427(98)00216-5 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
“Distemper-induced demyelinating encephalitis represents a suitable model for studying the pathogenesis of other demyelinating diseases of unknown etiology that might be triggered by infectious agents such as multiple sclerosis (MS; Dal Canto and Rabinowitz, 1982).”
Background
Semliki Forest virus infection of mice: a model for genetic and molecular analysis of viral pathogenicity.
Atkins, G., Sheahan, B., & Dimmock, N. (1985) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/0022-1317-66-3-395 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Survival of athymic (nu/nu) mice after Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection by passive administration of neutralizing monoclonal antibody
Fujinami, R. S., Rosenthal, A., Lampert, P. W., Zurbriggen, A., & Yamada, M. (1989) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.63.5.2081-2087.1989 · Cited by 61
“experimental system has been used as a model for human demyelinating diseases (5).”
Method
Vimentin-positive astrocytes in canine distemper: a target for canine distemper virus especially in chronic demyelinating lesions?
Seehusen, F., Orlando, E., Wewetzer, K., & Baumgärtner, W. (2007) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-007-0307-5 · Cited by 58
Leptomeningeal cells modulate the neurite growth promoting properties of astrocytes in vitro
Ness, R., & David, S. (1997) · Glia · doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199701)19:1 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Multifocal CNS demyelination following peripheral inoculation with herpes simplex virus type 1
Kastrukoff, L., Lau, A. S., & Kim, S. U. (1987) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410220113 · Cited by 56
Up-regulation of mRNA for matrix metalloproteinases-9 and -14 in advanced lesions of demyelinating canine distemper leukoencephalitis
Gröters, S., Alldinger, S., & Baumgärtner, W. (2005) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-005-1055-z · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“Due to the morphology of the neuropathological changes, this disease advanced to an important spontaneously occurring animal model of human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) [17].”
Background
Multiple Sclerosis: Basic Concepts and Hypothesis
Rodriguez, M. (1989) · Mayo Clinic proceedings · doi:10.1016/s0025-6196(12)65563-3 · Cited by 54
“" An important impetus to continuation of the search for a viral cause for MS has come from study of several naturally occurring model diseases in animals in which viruses cause demyehnation.(47) These diseases include canine distemper virus (paramyxovirus) in dogs,(48) visna virus (nononcogenic retrovirus) in sheep,(…”
Background
Immune-mediated injury of virus-infected oligodendrocytes A model of multiple sclerosis.
Rodriguez, M., Pease, L. R., & David, C. S. (1986) · Immunology today (Amsterdam. Regular ed.) · doi:10.1016/0167-5699(86)90025-3 · Cited by 51
Monoclonal antibody defines determinant between Theiler's virus and lipid-like structures.
Fujinami, R., Zurbriggen, A., & Powell, H. (1988) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(88)90110-5 · Cited by 50
Microglial cell activation in demyelinating canine distemper lesions.
Stein, V., Czub, M., Schreiner, N. M. S., Moore, P., Vandevelde, M., Zurbriggen, A., & Tipold, A. (2004) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.05.001 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
“Therefore, microglia may also play a crucial role in demyelinating canine distemper virus (CDV) infection, an animal model of Multiple Sclerosis (MS; Appel and Gillespie, 1972; Dal Canto and Rabinowitz, 1982).”
Background
Theiler's Virus-Induced Demyelinating Disease
Miller, S. D., Karpus, W., Pope, J. G., Canto, M. C. D., & Melvold, R. (1994) · doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-091736-8.50007-6 · Cited by 45
Phase-dependent expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in demyelinating canine distemper encephalitis
Miao, Q., Baumgärtner, W., Failing, K., & Alldinger, S. (2003) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-003-0754-6 · Cited by 42
“Due to the quality of the associated neuropathological changes, this disease advanced to an important model of human demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS) [ 10 ].”
Background
Canine distemper infections, with special reference to South Africa, with a review of the literature.
Leisewitz, A., Carter, A., van Vuuren, M., & van Blerk, L. (2001) · Journal of the South African Veterinary Association · doi:10.4102/jsava.v72i3.635 · Cited by 42
Myelination by oligodendrocytes isolated from 4–6-week-old rat central nervous system and transplanted into newborn shiverer brain
Lubetzki, C., Gansmuller, A., Lachapelle, F., Lombrail, P., & Gumpel, M. (1988) · Journal of Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(88)90214-6 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Viral infections in domestic animals as models for studies of viral immunology and pathogenesis.
Ohmann, H., & Babiuk, L. (1986) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/0022-1317-67-1-1 · Cited by 41
Canine distemper, a re-emerging morbillivirus with complex neuropathogenic mechanisms
Griot, C., Vandevelde, M., Schobesberger, M., & Zurbriggen, A. (2003) · Animal Health Research Reviews · doi:10.1079/ahrr20047 · Cited by 40
Serum and cells from Theiler's virus-infected mice fail to injure myelinating cultures or to produce in vivo transfer of disease. The pathogenesis of Theiler's virus-induced demyelination appears to differ from that of EAE.
Barbano, R., & Canto, M. C. D. (1984) · Journal of Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(84)90017-0 · Cited by 39
The pathogenicity of the M9 mutant of Semliki Forest virus in immune-compromised mice.
Gates, M., Sheahan, B., & Atkins, G. (1984) · Journal of General Virology · doi:10.1099/0022-1317-65-1-73 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Viral etiology of multiple sclerosis: where does the truth lie?
Waksman, B., & Reingold, S. (2003) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(86)90124-4 · Cited by 37
Up-regulation of the hyaluronate receptor CD44 in canine distemper demyelinated plaques
Alldinger, S., Fonfara, S., Kremmer, E., & Baumgärtner, W. (2000) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/pl00007417 · Cited by 37
“Due to the central nervous system (CNS) tropism of the virus and the associated neuropathological changes, canine distemper encephalitis (CDE) has advanced to an important model for human demyelinating diseases [ 7 ].”
Background
AIDS and the nervous system: current status and future perspectives.
Canto, M. C. D. (1989) · Human Pathology · doi:10.1016/0046-8177(89)90004-x · Cited by 36
Evidence of persistent viral infection in Menière's disease.
Williams, L. L., Lowery, H. W., & Shannon, B. T. (1987) · Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · doi:10.1001/archotol.1987.01860040059017 · Cited by 36
Lymphocyte responsiveness to lectin and myelin antigens in canine distemper infection in relation to the development of demyelinating lesions.
Cerruti-Sola, S., Kristensen, F., Vandevelde, M., Bichsel, P., & Kihm, U. (1983) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(83)90013-9 · Cited by 35
Antibody-induced generation of reactive oxygen radicals by brain macrophages in canine distemper encephalitis: a mechanism for bystander demyelination
Griot, C., Bürge, T., Vandevelde, M., & Peterhans, E. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00688176 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
On the relationship between viral infection and autoimmunity.
Panoutsakopoulou, V., & Cantor, H. (2001) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1006/jaut.2000.0480 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Magnetic Resonance of Myelin, Myelination, and Myelin Disorders
Valk, J., & van der Knaap, M. S. (1989) · Springer Berlin Heidelberg · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-02568-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-immunoreactive astrocytes in dogs infected with canine distemper virus.
Headley, S. A., Soares, I. C., & Graça, D. (2001) · Journal of Comparative Pathology · doi:10.1053/jcpa.2001.0483 · Cited by 33
Coronavirus induced primary demyelination: indications for the involvement of a humoral immune response
Zimprich, F., Winter, J., Wege, H., & Lassmann, H. (1991) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.1991.tb00750.x · Cited by 32
“models to study the pathogenesis of such diseases (Dal Canto & Rabinowitz, 1981; Kyuwa & Stohlman, 1990) .”
In vitro characterization and preferential infection by canine distemper virus of glial precursors with Schwann cell characteristics from adult canine brain
Orlando, E., Imbschweiler, I., Gerhauser, I., Baumgärtner, W., & Wewetzer, K. (2008) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.2008.00958.x · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Olfactory neural pathway in mouse hepatitis virus nasoencephalitis
Barthold, S. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00686390 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
“The murine coronavirus, mouse hepatitis virus (MHV), has served prominently as a model of viral encephalitis and demyelinating disease in mice and rats [7, 18-20].”
Background
Bilateral neuroretinitis associated with mumps.
Khubchandani, R., Rane, T., Agarwal, P., Nabi, F., Patel, P., & Shetty, A. (2002) · Archives of Neurology · doi:10.1001/archneur.59.10.1633 · Cited by 29
“Additionally, the temporal framework and immunopathologic features of postinfectious encephalitis closely resemble those of experimental models of virus-induced demyelination of the central nervous system.(19) The role of corticosteroids is controversial.”
Background
Dengue virus infects mouse cultured neurons but not astrocytes
Imbert, J., Guevara, P., Ramos-Castañeda, J., Ramos, C., & Sotelo, J. (1994) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.1890420304 · Cited by 29
Restricted infection with canine distemper virus leads to down-regulation of myelin gene transcription in cultured oligodendrocytes
Graber, H., Müller, C., Vandevelde, M., & Zurbriggen, A. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00296516 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
“Like other reproducible demyelinating diseases in animals, canine distemper is considered a model for studying human demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis [ 5 ].”
Background
Neuroimmune interactions in a model of multiple sclerosis
Welsh, C., Steelman, A., Mi, W., Young, C., Storts, R., Welsh, T. H., & Meagher, M. (2009) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03984.x · Cited by 27
Spontaneous and induced remyelination in multiple sclerosis and the theiler's virus model of central nervous system demyelination
Miller, D. J., & Rodriguez, M. (1995) · Microscopy Research and Technique · doi:10.1002/jemt.1070320306 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Magnetic resonance imaging findings in acute canine distemper virus infection.
Bathen-Noethen, A., Stein, V. M., Puff, C., Baumgaertner, W., & Tipold, A. (2008) · Journal of Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2008.00552.x · Cited by 26
Neurotoxic potential of reactive astrocytes in canine distemper demyelinating leukoencephalitis
Klemens, J., Ciurkiewicz, M., Chludzinski, E., Iseringhausen, M., Klotz, D., Pfankuche, V., Ulrich, R., Herder, V., Puff, C., Baumgärtner, W., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48146-9 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Experimental strategies to promote central nervous system remyelination in multiple sclerosis: Insights gained from the Theiler's virus model system
Miller, D. J., Asakura, K., & Rodriguez, M. (1995) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490410302 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Chronic relapsing demyelinating encephalomyelitis associated with persistent spontaneous canine distemper virus infection
Higgins, R. J., Child, G., & Vandevelde, M. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00687381 · Cited by 24
“It would be of great comparative interest to other viral models of demyelinating disease [ 5 ] and multiple sclerosis [20] to define the immunological mechanisms resulting in clearance of antigen from the chronic demyelinating lesions and for the progressive multiphasic nature of this disease.”
Background
Recovery of Myelin after Induction of Oligodendrocyte Cell Death in Postnatal Brain
Jalabi, W., Boehm, N., Grucker, D., & Ghandour, M. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2748-04.2005 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
“Ethidium bromide (Yajima and Suzuki, 1979), lysolecithin (Hall, 1972), cuprizone (Blakemore, 1973; Hiremath et al., 1998), and viral infection in animal (Martin and Nathanson, 1979; Dal Canto and Rabinowitz, 1982; Stohlman and Hinton, 2001; Fazakerley and Walker, 2003) were extensively used.”
Immunity and the nervous system: Basic tenets
Waksman, B. (1983) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410130602 · Cited by 22
Ultrastructural and biochemical findings in brain cell cultures infected with canine distemper virus
Glaus, T., Griot, C., Richard, A., Althaus, U., Herschkowitz, N., & Vandevelde, M. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00294222 · Cited by 21
“The mechanism of primary demyelination in canine distemper (CD), an animal model for demyelinating disease in man [9] is still unclear.”
Background
Transgenic mouse models of multiple sclerosis
Scheikl, T., Pignolet, B., Mars, L. T., & Liblau, R. (2010) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-010-0481-9 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
“In rodents, various viruses, including murine hepatitis virus (strain JHM) and Semliki Forest virus, can induce inflammatory demyelination [20].”
Background
The Pathogenesis of Canine Distemper Virus Induced Demyelination
Baumgärtner, W., & Alldinger, S. (2005) · doi:10.1007/0-387-25518-4_51 · Cited by 19
Polyomavirus Models of Brain Infection and the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis
Stoner, G. (1993) · Brain Pathology · doi:10.1111/j.1750-3639.1993.tb00748.x · Cited by 18
Impact of Theiler's virus infection on hippocampal neuronal progenitor cells: differential effects in two mouse strains
Jafari, M., Haist, V., Baumgärtner, W., Wagner, S., Stein, V. M., Tipold, A., Wendt, H., & Potschka, H. (2012) · Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2990.2012.01256.x · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Theiler's virus-associated antigens on the surfaces of cultured glial cells.
Rodriguez, M., Siegel, L. M., Hovanec-Burns, D., Bologa, L., & Graves, M. (1988) · Virology · doi:10.1016/0042-6822(88)90517-x · Cited by 16
The Possible Role of Viral Infections in Multiple Sclerosis
ter Meulen, V. (1986) · doi:10.1007/978-94-009-4143-4_40 · Cited by 16
STAT4‐ and STAT6‐signaling molecules in a murine model of multiple sclerosis
Rodriguez, M., Zoecklein, L., Gamez, J., Pavelko, K., Papke, L. M., Nakane, S., Howe, C., Radhakrishnan, S., Hansen, M. J., David, C. S., et al. (2006) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.05-4650fje · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“, picornaviruses, corona viruses, toga viruses, and herpes viruses) (2) and viruses that cause human disease characterized by demyelination (i.”
Background
Cerebral Involvement in Children with Acute and Relapsing Inflammatory Polyneuropathy
Willis, J., & den Bergh, P. V. (1988) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/088307388800300310 · Cited by 15
The involvement of the cerebral cortex in human immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy: a morphological and immunohistochemical study
Ciardi, A., Sinclair, E., Scaravilli, F., Harcourt-Webster, N., & Lucas, S. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00662637 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“According to this theory [ 9 ] myelin is destroyed by soluble immune factors liberated by activated monocytes and lymphocytes with a mechanism similar to the demyelination in Theiler's virus infection [7].”
Method
Canine distemper virus-immune complexes induce bystander degeneration of oligodendrocytes
Botteron, C., Zurbriggen, A., Griot, C., & Vandevelde, M. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00713532 · Cited by 15
“Canine distemper virus (CDV) infection in the dog is an animal model for human demyelinating disorders, such as multiple sclerosis [4].”
Background
Deep spatial profiling of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus reveals increased genetic diversity amidst neuroinflammation and cell death during brain infection
Williams, E. P., Xue, Y., Lee, J., Fitzpatrick, E. A., Kong, Y., Reichard, W., Writt, H., & Jonsson, C. B. (2023) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.00827-23 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
A Mechanism of Virus-Induced Demyelination
Sarma, J. D. (2010) · Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1155/2010/109239 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“There are other but not many CNS disorders in which increased amounts of IgG and OGBs are found.”
Background
Canine distemper virus-induced glial cell changes in vitro
Zurbriggen, A., & Vandevelde, M. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00684920 · Cited by 14
“Lytic infection of oligodendrocytes as, e.g., in mouse corona virus infection ( Dal Canto and Rabinowitz 1982 ) is not apparent in distemper.”
Background
Comparison of Reported Spinal Cord Lesions in Progressive Multiple Sclerosis with Theiler’s Murine Encephalomyelitis Virus Induced Demyelinating Disease
Leitzen, E., Jin, W., Herder, V., Beineke, A., Elmarabet, S., Baumgärtner, W., & Hansmann, F. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20040989 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Distribution of 3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase in the Cerebellum in Canine Distemper Virus Infection
Yarım, M., & Kabakci, N. (2002) · Journal of Comparative Pathology · doi:10.1053/jcpa.2002.0594 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Immunocytochemical localization of MAG, MBP and P0 protein in acute and relapsing demyelinating lesions of Theiler's virus infection.
Canto, M. C. D., & Barbano, R. (1985) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(85)90003-7 · Cited by 13
Glial proteins in canine distemper virus-induced demyelination
Vandevelde, M., Bichsel, P., Cerruti-Sola, S., Steck, A., Kristensen, F., & Higgins, R. J. (1983) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00691492 · Cited by 13
“However, Higgins et al. (1982) clearly demonstrated segmental demyelination in early distemper lesions similar to the one in experimental corona virus infection in mice, a disease in which oligodendrocytes are known to be the primary target (Lampert 1978; Dal Canto and Rabinowitz 1982 ).”
Background
Reactive Oxygen Species Are Key Mediators of Demyelination in Canine Distemper Leukoencephalitis but not in Theiler’s Murine Encephalomyelitis
Attig, F., Spitzbarth, I., Kalkuhl, A., Deschl, U., Puff, C., Baumgärtner, W., & Ulrich, R. (2019) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms20133217 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
“Similarly, TMEV-induced demyelinating lesions in mice share pathological similarities with MS lesions, and the immune response of infected mice appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of demyelination [46].”
Background
Phenotypic and functional characterization of CD8+ T lymphocytes from the central nervous system of rats with coronavirus JHM induced demyelinating encephalomyelitis.
Hein, A., Schwender, S., Imrich, H., Sopper, S., Czub, M., & Dörries, R. (1995) · Journal of Neurovirology · doi:10.3109/13550289509111023 · Cited by 12
Pathogenesis of Demyelinating Encephalopathy in Dogs with Spontaneous Acute Canine Distemper
Pan, Y., Liu, X.-Y., Meng, L.-P., Zhu, G., Xia, Y., Chen, J.-S., & Yoshikawa, T. (2013) · doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(13)60233-6 · Cited by 11
Oligodendrocyte infection and demyelination produced in mice by the M9 mutant of Semliki Forest virus
Sheahan, B., Gates, M., Caffrey, J., & Atkins, G. (2004) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/bf00691874 · Cited by 11
“The relative importance of these factors in different models has been the subject of intensive investigation (Wisniewski 1977; Dal Canto and Rabinowitz 1982) .”
Background
In vitro cytotoxicity and demyelination induced by theiler viruses in cultures of spinal cord slices
Shahar, A., Frankel, G., David, Y., & Friedmann, A. (1986) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.490160408 · Cited by 11
Facilitation of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by irradiation and virus infection: role of inflammatory cells
Erälinna, J., Soilu-Hänninen, M., Röyttä, M., Ilonen, J., Mäkelä, M., Salmi, A., & Salonen, R. (1994) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/0165-5728(94)90149-x · Cited by 10
Distribution of Theiler's virus in the CNS of athymic nude mice: effect of varying the route of inoculation.
Love, S. (1987) · Journal of Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/0022-510x(87)90183-3 · Cited by 10

Authors: Dal Canto, M. C., & Rabinowitz, S. G.
Affiliations: Northwestern University (US)
Venue: Annals of Neurology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 1982-02
Volume: 11
Issue: 2
Pages: 109-127
ISSN: 0364-5134 (ISSN-L)
1531-8249
DOI: 10.1002/ana.410110202
PMC: PMC7159566
OpenAlex: W2025146338
Cited by: 173
References: 92
Citations by year: 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 4 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 2.52
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 8284 d)
Locations: Annals of Neurology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Virology and Viral Diseases
Keywords: demyelination, multiple sclerosis, viral pathogenesis, animal models, JHM virus, Theiler's virus, visna virus, canine distemper virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, Chandipura virus, herpes simplex virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Semliki Forest virus, central nervous system demyelination, immunopathology
MeSH terms: Animals, Antibodies, Viral, Central Nervous System Diseases, Coronaviridae Infections, Demyelinating Diseases, Disease Models, Animal, Distemper, Distemper Virus, Canine, Dogs, Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine, Maus Elberfeld virus, Enterovirus Infections, Herpes Simplex, Multiple Sclerosis, Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep, Rhabdoviridae, Sheep, Virus Diseases, Visna-maedi virus

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Experimental models of virus-induced demyelination of the central nervous system

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