The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Ultramicroelectrodes in Electrochemistry
Abstract
In the 1950s and 1960s fundamental developments in electrochemical methods included voltammetry and low signal techniques. A generation later, the discovery of the unusual properties of ultramicroelectrodes has opened new possibilities of analyzing electrode processes. The changes in mass transport conditions bring about extremely high current densities at ultramicroelectrodes, whereas the currents themselves become very small. This little‐noticed phenomenon allows for many electroanalytical applications that are not possible with conventional electrodes, especially experiments in solutions with very low electrolyte concentrations, in nonpolar solvents, in solids, and even in gases. In addition, two factors— changes in the experimental time scale at low scan rates because of the size of the electrode, and insignificant iR effects at very high scan rates—make it possible to study very fast homogeneous and heterogeneous electrode processes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications
Bard, A. J., & Faulkner, L. R. (1980) · Cited by 22,435
Crank, J. (1956) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 18,978
Hamill, O. P., Marty, A., Neher, E., Sakmann, B., & Sigworth, F. J. (1981) · Pflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1007/bf00656997 · Cited by 18,436
Nicholson, R. S., & Shain, I. (1964) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac60210a007 · Cited by 5,097
Theory and Application of Cyclic Voltammetry for Measurement of Electrode Reaction Kinetics.
Nicholson, R. S. (1965) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac60230a016 · Cited by 3,446
Electron Transfer Reactions in Chemistry: Theory and Experiment (Nobel Lecture)
Marcus, R. A. (1993) · Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English · doi:10.1002/anie.199311113 · Cited by 1,915
Scanning electrochemical microscopy. Introduction and principles
Bard, A. J., Fan, F. R. F., Kwak, J., & Lev, O. (1989) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac00177a011 · Cited by 1,151
Paul, E. W., Ricco, A. J., & Wrighton, M. S. (1985) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/j100254a028 · Cited by 1,026
Detection of dopamine dynamics in the brain
Wightman, R. M., May, L. J., & Michael, A. C. (1988) · Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1021/ac00164a001 · Cited by 1,025
Williams, M. M. R. (1977) · Annals of Nuclear Energy · doi:10.1016/0306-4549(77)90072-x · Cited by 963
Cited by
Unconventional Methods for Fabricating and Patterning Nanostructures
Xia, Y., Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E., & Whitesides, G. M. (1999) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr980002q · Cited by 1,538
Accurate Simulations of Electric Double Layer Capacitance of Ultramicroelectrodes
Wang, H., & Pilon, L. (2011) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry C · doi:10.1021/jp204498e · Cited by 307
Amorphous silicon carbide ultramicroelectrode arrays for neural stimulation and recording
Deku, F., Cohen, Y., Joshi-Imre, A., Kanneganti, A., Gardner, T. J., & Cogan, S. F. (2018) · Journal of Neural Engineering · doi:10.1088/1741-2552/aa8f8b · Cited by 89
Metadata
- Authors
- Heinze, J.
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1993-09
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1268-1288
- ISSN
- 0570-0833 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2102445313
- Cited by
- 470
- References
- 61
- FWCI
- 10.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Ultramicroelectrodes in Electrochemistry. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/anie.199312681
- The paper
- Heinze, J. (1993). Ultramicroelectrodes in Electrochemistry. Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.199312681
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.