The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Localized Water‐In‐Salt Electrolyte for Aqueous Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Abstract
Water‐in‐salt (WIS) electrolytes using super‐concentrated organic lithium (Li) salts are of interest for aqueous Li‐ion batteries. However, the high salt cost, high viscosity, poor wettability, and environmental hazards remain a great challenge. Herein, we present a localized water‐in‐salt (LWIS) electrolyte based on low‐cost lithium nitrate (LiNO 3) salt and 1,5‐pentanediol (PD) as inert diluent. The addition of PD maintains the solvation structure of the WIS electrolyte, improves the electrolyte stability via hydrogen‐bonding interactions with water and NO 3− molecules, and reduces the total salt concentration. By in situ gelling the LWIS electrolyte with tetraethylene glycol diacrylate (TEGDA) monomer, the electrolyte stability window can be further expanded to 3.0 V. The as‐developed Mo 6 S 8|LWIS gel electrolyte|LiMn 2 O 4 (LMO) batteries delivered outstanding cycling performance with an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.53 % after 250 cycles at 1 C.
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“Therefore, Wang's group [87] developed localized water-in-salt electrolytes (LWiSEs) with low-cost and high safety for aqueous lithium-ion batteries, in which they used inexpensive and eco-friendly LiNO 3 salt to replace the toxic and costly Li salts, and lowered the electrolyte salt concentration by introducing diluents that dissolve the water but not the inorganic salts.”
From Review on Low-Temperature Electrolytes for Lithium-Ion and Lithium Metal Batteries (2023) · cites this paper as [87]
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Cites
“Water-in-salt” electrolyte enables high-voltage aqueous lithium-ion chemistries
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Self-citationAtomic structure of sensitive battery materials and interfaces revealed by cryo–electron microscopy
Li, Y., Li, Y., Pei, A., Yan, K., Sun, Y., Wu, C.-L., Joubert, L.-M., Chin, R., Koh, A. L., Yu, Y., et al. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aam6014 · Cited by 1,547
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Research Progresses of Liquid Electrolytes in Lithium-Ion Batteries.
Liu, Y.-K., Zhao, C.-Z., Du, J., Zhang, X.-Q., Chen, A.-Q., & Zhang, Q. (2022) · Small · doi:10.1002/smll.202205315 · Cited by 341
Thermal behaviour and thermal runaway propagation in lithium-ion battery systems – A critical review
Mallick, S., & Gayen, D. (2023) · Journal of Energy Storage · doi:10.1016/j.est.2023.106894 · Cited by 337
Battery technologies for grid-scale energy storage
Jiang, T., Shen, D., Zhang, Z., Liu, H., Zhao, G., Wang, Y., Tan, S., Luo, R., & Chen, W. (2025) · Nature Reviews Clean Technology · doi:10.1038/s44359-025-00067-9 · Cited by 292
“Therefore, localized highly concentrated electrolytes 119,120 , which benefit from a wide stability window and greatly reduced use of solutes, have been proposed 121 .”
Challenges and possibilities for aqueous battery systems
Ahn, H., Kim, D., Lee, M., & Nam, K. W. (2023) · Communications Materials · doi:10.1038/s43246-023-00367-2 · Cited by 276
Xiao, P., Yun, X., Chen, Y., Guo, X., Gao, P. D., Zhou, G., & Zheng, C. (2023) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d3cs00151b · Cited by 461
Metadata
- Authors
- Jaumaux, P., Yang, X., Zhang, B., Safaei, J., Tang, X., Zhou, D., Wang, C., & Wang, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Technology Sydney (AU)
- Huazhong University of Science and Technology (CN)
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Zhou, Dong
- Wang, Chunsheng
- Wang, Guoxiu
- Venue
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-07-26
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 36
- Pages
- 19965-19973
- ISSN
- 1433-7851 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-3773
- OpenAlex
- W3175391148
- Cited by
- 205
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 17 · 2025: 52 · 2024: 41 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 7
- FWCI
- 10.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Angewandte Chemie International Edition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Australian Research Council (DP200101249)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Aqueous and Flow Batteries
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Keywords
- water-in-salt electrolytes, aqueous lithium-ion batteries, lithium nitrate, 1,5-pentanediol, hydrogen bonding, electrochemical stability window, in situ gelation, gel electrolyte, LiMn2O4 cathode, cycling stability
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