Cited by 321Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders ResearchKawasaki Disease and Coronary ComplicationsInflammasome and immune disorders

The diagnostic significance of soluble CD163 and soluble interleukin‐2 receptor α‐chain in macrophage activation syndrome and untreated new‐onset systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Bleesing, Jack, Prada, Anne, Siegel, David M., Villanueva, Joyce, Olson, Judyann, Ilowite, Norman T., Brunner, Hermine I., Griffin, Thomas +6 more·2007·Arthritis & Rheumatism

Abstract

Objective: Macrophage activation syndrome is characterized by an overwhelming inflammatory reaction driven by excessive expansion of T cells and hemophagocytic macrophages. Levels of soluble interleukin‐2 receptor α (sIL‐2Rα) and soluble CD163 (sCD163) may reflect the degree of activation and expansion of T cells and macrophages, respectively. This study was undertaken to assess the value of serum sIL‐2Rα and sCD163 in diagnosing acute macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods: Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess sIL‐2Rα and sCD163 levels in sera from 7 patients with acute macrophage activation syndrome complicating systemic JIA and 16 patients with untreated new‐onset systemic JIA. The results were correlated with clinical features of established macrophage activation syndrome, including ferritin levels. Results: The median level of sIL‐2Rα in the patients with macrophage activation syndrome was 19,646 pg/ml (interquartile range [IQR] 18,128), compared with 3,787 pg/ml (IQR 3,762) in patients with systemic JIA (P = 0.003). Similarly, the median level of sCD163 in patients with macrophage activation syndrome was 23,000 ng/ml (IQR 14,191), compared with 5,480 ng/ml (IQR 2,635) in patients with systemic JIA (P = 0.017). In 5 of 16 patients with systemic JIA, serum levels of sIL‐2Rα or sCD163 were comparable with those in patients with acute macrophage activation syndrome. These patients had high inflammatory activity associated with a trend toward lower hemoglobin levels (P = 0.11), lower platelet counts, and significantly higher ferritin levels (P = 0.02). Two of these 5 patients developed overt macrophage activation syndrome several months later. Conclusion: Levels of sIL‐2Rα and sCD163 are promising diagnostic markers for macrophage activation syndrome. They may also help identify patients with subclinical macrophage activation syndrome.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/art.22416

Cites

15 of 15 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Bleesing, J., Prada, A., Siegel, D. M., Villanueva, J., Olson, J., Ilowite, N. T., Brunner, H. I., Griffin, T., Graham, T. B., Sherry, D. D., Passo, M. H., Ramanan, A. V., Filipovich, A., & Grom, A. A.
Affiliations
  • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (US)
  • University of Rochester (US)
  • Medical College of Wisconsin (US)
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (US)
  • Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases (GB)
Venue
Arthritis & Rheumatism
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2007-02-27
Volume
56
Issue
3
Pages
965-971
ISSN
  • 0004-3591 (ISSN-L)
  • 1529-0131
OpenAlex
W2052504835
Cited by
321
References
15
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 20
FWCI
8.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Arthritis & Rheumatism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Bristol Research (University of Bristol) (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P01AR048929)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Kawasaki Disease and Coronary Complications
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
Keywords
macrophage activation syndrome, systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis, soluble CD163, soluble interleukin-2 receptor alpha, diagnostic biomarkers, ferritin, T cell activation, hemoglobin, platelet count, hemophagocytosis, disease severity prediction, treatment response monitoring
MeSH terms
CD163 Antigen, Adolescent, Arthritis, Juvenile, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Ferritins, Humans, Macrophage Activation, Macrophages, Male, Prospective Studies, Receptors, Cell Surface, Syndrome, T-Lymphocytes, Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic, Antigens, CD, Cell Proliferation, Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review