Inhibition of microbial growth and metabolism by excess turbulence
Open accessAbstract
Excess turbulence caused by high‐intensity stirring inhibited microbial growth and metabolism. In stirred tank bioreactors, the growth rate and lysine biosynthesis decreased in Brevibacterium flavum beyond 900 rpm, the growth rate of Trichoderma reesei on wheat straw beyond 150 rpm, and the growth rate of Saccharomyces cerevisae beyond 800 rpm. The term turbohypobiosis was introduced to describe this inhibition. Turbohypobiosis was characterized by a stress factor Fstr expressing the interaction of medium flow with microbial cells in local turbulent zones, dependent on the energy distribution of the stirring regime. Lysine synthesis was inhibited at significantly lower Fstr values than the growth of B. flavum. The main reason for the inhibition was shear effects causing decreased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation, lower O 2 uptake, and lower specific growth rate of bacteria.
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Breakage and/or damage of bacterial cells upon exposure to such stress encourages neighboring cells to produce secondary metabolites in an attempt to survive and protect against the challenge.
“The breakage and/or damage of bacterial cells upon exposure to such stress in turn, encourage the neighboring cells to produce secondary metabolites in an attempt to survive and protect against the challenge (Toma et al., 1991; Joshi et al., 1996; Rosa et al., 2005).”
From Fermentation Conditions that Affect Clavulanic Acid Production in Streptomyces clavuligerus: A Systematic Review (2016) · cites this paper as Toma et al., 1991
The Introduction (page not available in our copy) says shear forces may damage cell membranes and secondary-metabolite production may be enhanced under turbulence stress. It does not say damaged cells induce neighboring cells to produce those metabolites for protection. The Experimental Results (page not available) describe stress without killing the microorganisms, so the claimed cell breakage is not established. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredHigh speed stirring prevents cell clumping and causes cell shearing.
“It is believed that the high speed stirring prevents cell clumping and also causes cell shearing (Toma et al., 1991; Rosa et al., 2005).”
From Fermentation Conditions that Affect Clavulanic Acid Production in Streptomyces clavuligerus: A Systematic Review (2016) · cites this paper as Toma et al., 1991
The Conclusions (page unavailable) attribute the effects of excessive stirring to turbulence-induced shear stress, possibly damaging cell membranes; Experimental Results say the microorganisms were stressed, probably by shear effects, without being killed. Neither section addresses whether stirring prevents cell clumping, so the source supports only the shear-related part of the claim. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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Cites
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
- Ruklisha, M. P., Shvinka, J. E., Viesturs, U. E., Sakse, A. K., Leite, M. P. 1984. Izv. AN LatvSSR 3(440): 85. (In Russian.)
- Toma, M. K. 1980. Turbohypobiosis in lysine fermentation. Doctoral thesis, State University of Byelorussia, Minsk, USSR. (In Russian.)
- Toma, M. K., Viesturs, U. E., Ruklisha, M. P., Rikmanis, M. A., Vanags, J. J. 1986. In Proceedings 4th Symp. SOC. Coun- tries on Biotechnology, Sofia, Bulgaria, p. 266.
- Vardar-Sukan, F. 1986. Proc. Biochem. 4: 40.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ser, H.-L., Law, J. W.-F., Chaiyakunapruk, N., Jacob, S. A., Palanisamy, U. D., Chan, K.-G., Goh, B.-H., & Lee, L.-H. (2016) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.00522 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
- Authors
- Toma, M. K., Ruklisha, M. P., Vanags, J. J., Zeltina, M. O., Lelte, M. P., Galinine, N. I., Viesturs, U. E., & Tengerdy, R. P.
- Affiliations
- Latvian Academy of Sciences (LV)
- Colorado State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tengerdy, R. P.
- Venue
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1991-08-20
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 552-556
- ISSN
- 0006-3592 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0290
- OpenAlex
- W2000230333
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Biotechnology and Bioengineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Fluid Dynamics and Mixing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Microbial Metabolic Engineering and Bioproduction
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
- Keywords
- microbial growth inhibition, microbial metabolism, stirred tank bioreactor, shear stress, Brevibacterium flavum, Trichoderma reesei, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, lysine biosynthesis, ATP production, oxygen consumption, stressors
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