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Cited by 134Bacteriophages and microbial interactionsImmunotherapy and Immune Responsesvaccines and immunoinformatics approaches

Phage display as a tool for vaccine and immunotherapy development

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Hess, Krystina L., Jewell, Christopher M.·2020·Bioengineering & Translational Medicine
DOI 10.1002/btm2.10142PMC PMC6971447
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Abstract

Bacteriophages, or phages, are viruses that specifically infect bacteria and coopt the cellular machinery to create more phage proteins, eventually resulting in the release of new phage particles. Phages are heavily utilized in bioengineering for applications ranging from tissue engineering scaffolds to immune signal delivery. Of specific interest to vaccines and immunotherapies, phages have demonstrated an ability to activate both the innate and adaptive immune systems. The genome of these viral particles can be harnessed for DNA vaccination, or the surface proteins can be exploited for antigen display. More specifically, genes that encode an antigen of interest can be spliced into the phage genome, allowing antigenic proteins or peptides to be displayed by fusion to phage capsid proteins. Phages therefore present antigens to immune cells in a highly ordered and repetitive manner. This review discusses the use of phage with adjuvanting activity as antigen delivery vehicles for vaccination against infectious disease and cancer.

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  • Phage display technologies allow phages to be engineered to express tumor-associated antigens or immunostimulatory peptides on their capsid surfaces.

    “Phage display technologies allow phages to be engineered to express tumor-associated antigens or immunostimulatory peptides on their capsid surfaces [15,76–78]”

    From Phage therapy in oncology: opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment (2026) · cites this paper as [78]

    The section “Phage genomes can be modified to promote display of foreign antigens” (page unavailable) explains that engineered peptide or protein sequences are displayed on the phage surface. “Phage as a tumor antigen display tool > T7 phage” gives a tumor-associated peptide displayed on a capsid protein. The copy does not establish the separate claim that phages are engineered to display immunostimulatory peptides; its immunostimulatory surface-display example is a (glyco)lipid. (LLM, conf=0.82)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Phage platforms can function as standalone cancer vaccines or as adjuvants that enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade.

    “Such platforms can function as standalone cancer vaccines or as adjuvants that enhance the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade [49,76,78,79]”

    From Phage therapy in oncology: opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment (2026) · cites this paper as [78]

    The “Phage as a tumor antigen display tool” section describes phage-based cancer vaccines that reduced tumors or metastases in mice. Its Qβ phage subsection also reports reduced tumor volume when phage immunization was combined with checkpoint blockade, but it does not establish that phages enhanced blockade’s efficacy relative to blockade alone. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • By enhancing tumor antigen visibility and stimulating recruitment and activation of immune effector cells, phages can potentiate antitumor immune responses.

    “By enhancing tumor antigen visibility and stimulating the recruitment and activation of immune effector cells, phages can potentiate antitumor immune responses [15,77,78]”

    From Phage therapy in oncology: opportunities for cancer prevention and treatment (2026) · cites this paper as [78]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Hess, K. L., & Jewell, C. M.
Affiliations
  • U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command Chemical Biological Center (US)
  • University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
Corresponding author
Hess, Krystina L.
ORCID
Venue
Bioengineering & Translational Medicine
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2019-09-18
Volume
5
Issue
1
Pages
e10142-e10142
ISSN
2380-6761 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1002/btm2.10142
PMC
PMC6971447
OpenAlex
W2970959293
Cited by
134
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 1
FWCI
0.82
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Bioengineering & Translational Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB026896, R01EB027143)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
Keywords
phage display, bacteriophages, vaccine development, cancer immunotherapy, antigen display, DNA vaccine, adjuvants, antigen delivery, infectious disease vaccines

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