The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
SCAI clinical expert consensus statement on the classification of cardiogenic shock: This document was endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) in April 2019
Open accessAbstract
Background: The outcome of cardiogenic shock complicating myocardial infarction has not appreciably changed in the last 30 years despite the development of various percutaneous mechanical circulatory support options. It is clear that there are varying degrees of cardiogenic shock but there is no robust classification scheme to categorize this disease state. Methods: A multidisciplinary group of experts convened by the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions was assembled to derive a proposed classification schema for cardiogenic shock. Representatives from cardiology (interventional, advanced heart failure, noninvasive), emergency medicine, critical care, and cardiac nursing all collaborated to develop the proposed schema. Results: A system describing stages of cardiogenic shock from A to E was developed. Stage A is “at risk” for cardiogenic shock, stage B is “beginning” shock, stage C is “classic” cardiogenic shock, stage D is “deteriorating”, and E is “extremis”. The difference between stages B and C is the presence of hypoperfusion which is present in stages C and higher. Stage D implies that the initial set of interventions chosen have not restored stability and adequate perfusion despite at least 30 minutes of observation and stage E is the patient in extremis, highly unstable, often with cardiovascular collapse. Conclusion: This proposed classification system is simple, clinically applicable across the care spectrum from pre‐hospital providers to intensive care staff but will require future validation studies to assess its utility and potential prognostic implications.
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WRITING COMMITTEE MEMBERS*, O’Gara, P. T., Kushner, F. G., Ascheim, D. D., Casey, D. E., Chung, M. K., de Lemos, J. A., Ettinger, S. M., Fang, J. C., Fesmire, F. M., et al. (2013) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0b013e3182742cf6 · Cited by 4,725
Self-citationEarly Revascularization in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock
Hochman, J. S., Sleeper, L. A., Webb, J. G., Sanborn, T. A., White, H. D., Talley, J. D., Buller, C. E., Jacobs, A. K., Slater, J. N., Col, J., et al. (1999) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199908263410901 · Cited by 3,131
Intraaortic Balloon Support for Myocardial Infarction with Cardiogenic Shock
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Self-citation2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction
O'Gara, P. T., Kushner, F. G., Ascheim, D. D., Casey, D. E., Chung, M. K., de Lemos, J. A., Ettinger, S. M., Fang, J. C., Fesmire, F. M., Franklin, B. A., et al. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2012.11.019 · Cited by 2,625
Self-citationvan Diepen, S., Katz, J. N., Albert, N. M., Henry, T. D., Jacobs, A. K., Kapur, N. K., Kilic, A., Menon, V., Ohman, E. M., Sweitzer, N. K., et al. (2017) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000525 · Cited by 1,869
Self-citationCommittee Members, Hunt, S. A., Baker, D. W., Chin, M. H., Cinquegrani, M. P., Feldmanmd, A. M., Francis, G. S., Ganiats, T. G., Goldstein, S., Gregoratos, G., et al. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/hc4901.102568 · Cited by 1,442
Ouweneel, D. M., Eriksen, E., Sjauw, K. D., van Dongen, I. M., Hirsch, A., Packer, E. J. S., Vis, M. M., Wykrzykowska, J. J., Koch, K. T., Baan, J., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2016.10.022 · Cited by 890
INTERMACS Profiles of Advanced Heart Failure: The Current Picture
Stevenson, L. W., Pagani, F. D., Young, J. B., Jessup, M., Miller, L., Kormos, R. L., Naftel, D. C., Ulisney, K., Desvigne-Nickens, P., & Kirklin, J. K. (2009) · The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation · doi:10.1016/j.healun.2009.02.015 · Cited by 793
Clinical Picture and Risk Prediction of Short-Term Mortality in Cardiogenic Shock
Harjola, V.-P., Lassus, J., Sionis, A., Køber, L., Tarvasmäki, T., Spinar, J., Parissis, J., Banaszewski, M., Silva-Cardoso, J., Carubelli, V., et al. (2015) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.260 · Cited by 790
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Heidenreich, P. A., Bozkurt, B., Aguilar, D., Allen, L. A., Byun, J. J., Colvin, M. M., Deswal, A., Drazner, M. H., Dunlay, S. M., Evers, L. R., et al. (2022) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001063 · Cited by 4,922
2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure
Heidenreich, P. A., Bozkurt, B., Aguilar, D., Allen, L. A., Byun, J. J., Colvin, M. M., Deswal, A., Drazner, M. H., Dunlay, S. M., Evers, L. R., et al. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2021.12.012 · Cited by 2,862
Bozkurt, B., Coats, A. J. S., Tsutsui, H., Abdelhamid, C. M., Adamopoulos, S., Albert, N., Anker, S. D., Atherton, J., Böhm, M., Butler, J., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.2115 · Cited by 1,665
Rao, S. V., O’Donoghue, M. L., Ruel, M., Rab, T., Tamis-Holland, J. E., Alexander, J. H., Baber, U., Baker, H., Cohen, M. G., Cruz-Ruiz, M., et al. (2025) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001309 · Cited by 625
Cardiogenic Shock Classification to Predict Mortality in the Cardiac Intensive Care Unit
Jentzer, J. C., van Diepen, S., Barsness, G. W., Henry, T. D., Menon, V., Rihal, C. S., Naidu, S. S., & Baran, D. A. (2019) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2019.07.077 · Cited by 554
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Metadata
- Authors
- Baran, D. A., Grines, C. L., Bailey, S., Burkhoff, D., Hall, S. A., Henry, T. D., Hollenberg, S. M., Kapur, N. K., O'Neill, W., Ornato, J. P., Stelling, K., Thiele, H., van Diepen, S., & Naidu, S. S.
- Venue
- Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-05-19
- Volume
- 94
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 29-37
- ISSN
- 1522-1946 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-726X
- OpenAlex
- W2945771063
- Cited by
- 1,017
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 38.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: SCAI clinical expert consensus statement on the classification of cardiogenic shock: This document was endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) in April 2019. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/ccd.28329
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- Baran, D. A., Grines, C. L., Bailey, S., Burkhoff, D., Hall, S. A., Henry, T. D., Hollenberg, S. M., Kapur, N. K., O'Neill, W., Ornato, J. P., Stelling, K., Thiele, H., van Diepen, S., & Naidu, S. S. (2019). SCAI clinical expert consensus statement on the classification of cardiogenic shock: This document was endorsed by the American College of Cardiology (ACC), the American Heart Association (AHA), the Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) in April 2019. Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions. https://doi.org/10.1002/ccd.28329
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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