Shape‐Dependent Electrocatalysis: Oxygen Reduction on Carbon‐Supported Gold Nanoparticles
Open accessAbstract
Cubic, octahedral and quasi‐spherical (two different particle sizes) Au nanoparticles are synthesised and dispersed in a carbon‐black powder. The size and morphology of the Au nanocatalysts is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. Au nanospheres are approximately 5 and 30 nm in diameter, whereas the size of Au octahedra and nanocubes is approximately 40–45 nm. The electrocatalytic activity of these carbon‐supported particles towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is studied in 0.5 M H 2 SO 4 and 0.1 M KOH solutions by using the rotating‐disk‐electrode method. The specific activity (SA) for O 2 reduction is measured, and the highest SA is observed for Au nanocubes supported on carbon. The highest mass activities are found for the smallest Au nanoparticles. Tafel analysis suggests that the mechanism of the ORR on shape‐controlled Au/C catalysts is the same as on bulk Au.
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In acidic solution, the anodic peak at E > 1.4 V can be attributed to formation of Au surface oxides and the cathodic peak at 1.1 V to reduction of these surface oxides.
“In acidic solution the anodic peak at E > 1.4 V can be attributed as the formation of Au surface oxides and the cathodic peak at 1.1 V to the reduction of these surface oxides58.”
From Gold aerogel supported on graphitic carbon nitride: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [58]
Section 2.4 (p. 4) agrees that the peaks reflect formation and reduction of Au surface oxides in acidic solution, but gives different potentials: the anodic peak is at E > 1.1 V and the cathodic peak at approximately 0.9 V. It does not give the claimed E > 1.4 V and 1.1 V. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe considerably lower SA value for small AuNPs (2 nm) is due to the particle size effect and particular crystallographic orientation of AuNPs.
“The considerably lower SA value for small AuNPs (2 nm) is due to the particle size effect39 and particular crystallographic orientation of AuNPs58.”
From Gold aerogel supported on graphitic carbon nitride: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [58]
The paper’s SA discussion says crystallographic orientation makes a major contribution to AuNP activity, supporting the point attached to citation 58. It does not establish that orientation caused the considerably lower SA of 2 nm particles: its smallest studied spheres were approximately 5 nm, and it describes their SA as only slightly lower than that of larger spheres. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredH Erikson reported at low potential mainly H2O2 (2e) predominates and more negative potential H2O2 further reduced (4e) to water.
“H Erikson58, 64 reported at low potential mainly H2O2 (2e) predominates and more negative potential H2O2 further reduced (4e) to water.”
From Gold aerogel supported on graphitic carbon nitride: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [58]
The high tafel slopes of ~160 mV dec-1 as well as low tafel slopes of ~60 mV dec-1 were reported by various groups in the literature for Au/C ORR catalyst.
“The high tafel slopes of ̴160 mV dec-1 as well as low tafel slopes of ̴60 mV dec-1 were reported by various groups64,58 in the literature for Au/C ORR catalyst.”
From Gold aerogel supported on graphitic carbon nitride: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [58]
The similar high value of tafel slope in acidic medium is also reported for carbon supported gold nanoparticles based catalysts.
“The similar high value of tafel slope in acidic medium is also reported for carbon supported gold nanoparticles based catalysts58.”
From Gold aerogel supported on graphitic carbon nitride: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [58]
The reduction of oxygen at gold surface can occur via either 2e pathway producing hydrogen peroxide or 4e pathways forming water.
“It is known that the reduction of oxygen at gold surface can occur via either 2e pathway producing hydrogen peroxide or 4e pathways forming water58.”
From Gold aerogel supported on graphitic carbon nitride: an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [58]
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Hernández, J., Solla-Gullón, J., & Herrero, E. (2004) · Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jelechem.2003.10.039 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Wang, X. X., Swihart, M. T., & Wu, G. (2019) · Nature Catalysis · doi:10.1038/s41929-019-0304-9 · Cited by 1,174 · see citing works
Kundu, M. K., Bhowmik, T., & Barman, S. (2015) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/c5ta06740e · Cited by 66 · see citing works
- Authors
- Erikson, H., Sarapuu, A., Tammeveski, K., Solla‐Gullón, J., & Feliu, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Tartu (EE)
- University of Alicante (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Tammeveski, Kaido
- Venue
- ChemElectroChem
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-07-13
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 1338-1347
- ISSN
- 2196-0216 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2000995168
- Cited by
- 51
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 6
- FWCI
- 2.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- ChemElectroChem (publishedVersion)
- RUA, Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Alicante (Universidad de Alicante) (submittedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sihtasutus Archimedes (3.2.0501.10-0015)
- Eesti Teadusagentuur (IUT20-16)
- Generalitat Valenciana
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Keywords
- oxygen reduction reaction, gold nanoparticles, nanoparticle morphology, carbon-supported catalysts, carbon black, specific activity, mass activity, Tafel analysis, electrocatalysis, particle size effects
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