The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effects of supportive‐expressive group therapy on survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer: A randomized prospective trial
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to replicate our earlier finding that intensive group therapy extended survival time of women with metastatic breast cancer. Subsequent findings concerning the question of whether such psychosocial support affects survival have been mixed. METHODS: One hundred twenty-five women with confirmed metastatic (n = 122) or locally recurrent (n = 3) breast cancer were randomly assigned either to the supportive-expressive group therapy condition (n = 64), where they received educational materials plus weekly supportive-expressive group therapy, or to the control condition (n = 61), where they received only educational materials for a minimum of 1 year. The treatment, 90 minutes once a week, was designed to build new bonds of social support, encourage expression of emotion, deal with fears of dying and death, help restructure life priorities, improve communication with family members and healthcare professionals, and enhance control of pain and anxiety. RESULTS: Overall mortality after 14 years was 86%; median survival time was 32.8 months. No overall statistically significant effect of treatment on survival was found for treatment (median, 30.7 months) compared with control (median, 33.3 months) patients, but there was a statistically significant intervention site-by-condition interaction. Exploratory moderator analysis to explain that interaction revealed a significant overall interaction between estrogen-receptor (ER) status and treatment condition (P = .002) such that among the 25 ER-negative participants, those randomized to treatment survived longer (median, 29.8 months) than ER-negative controls (median, 9.3 months), whereas the ER-positive participants showed no treatment effect. CONCLUSIONS: The earlier finding that longer survival was associated with supportive-expressive group therapy was not replicated. Although it is possible that psychosocial effects on survival are relevant to a small subsample of women who are more refractory to current hormonal treatments, further research is required to investigate subgroup differences.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Another therapy modality that can improve quality of life of those living with advanced cancer is group Supportive Expressive Therapy (Kissane et al., 2007; Spiegel et al., 2007); however, this does not easily translate to an online format.”
From A mixed methods pilot and feasibility open trial of internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (iCanADAPT Advanced) for people with advanced cancer with depression and/or anxiety (2021) · cites this paper as Spiegel et al., 2007
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Molecular portraits of human breast tumours
Perou, C., Sørlie, T., Eisen, M., van de Rijn, M., Jeffrey, S., Rees, C. A., Pollack, J., Ross, D., Johnsen, H., Akslen, L., et al. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35021093 · Cited by 16,551
Sørlie, T., Perou, C. M., Tibshirani, R. J., Aas, T., Geisler, S. B., Johnsen, H., Hastie, T. J., Eisen, M. B., van de Rijn, M., Jeffrey, S. S., et al. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.191367098 · Cited by 11,506
Repeated observation of breast tumor subtypes in independent gene expression data sets
Sørlie, T., Tibshirani, R. J., Parker, J. S., Hastie, T. J., Marron, J. S., Nobel, A. B., Deng, S., Johnsen, H., Pesich, R., Geisler, S. B., et al. (2003) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0932692100 · Cited by 5,508
EFFECT OF PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT ON SURVIVAL OF PATIENTS WITH METASTATIC BREAST CANCER
Spiegel, D., Kraemer, H., Bloom, J., & Gottheil, E. (1989) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(89)91551-1 · Cited by 2,353
Self-citationKraemer, H. C., Stice, E., Kazdin, A., Offord, D., & Kupfer, D. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.848 · Cited by 1,712
Self-citationRodríguez‐Sains, R. S., Bart, R. S., Kopf, A. W., & Hölzle, E. (1979) · Cited by 1,287
Mood disorders in the medically ill: scientific review and recommendations
Evans, D. L., Charney, D. S., Lewis, L., Golden, R. N., Gorman, J. M., Krishnan, K. R. R., Nemeroff, C. B., Bremner, J. D., Carney, R. M., Coyne, J. C., et al. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.05.001 · Cited by 1,071
Self-citationFawzy, F. I. (1993) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820210015002 · Cited by 1,030
Selective Estrogen-Receptor Modulators — Mechanisms of Action and Application to Clinical Practice
Riggs, B. L., & Hartmann, L. C. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra022219 · Cited by 984
Aromatase Inhibitors in Breast Cancer
Smith, I. E., & Dowsett, M. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra023246 · Cited by 924
The Effect of Group Psychosocial Support on Survival in Metastatic Breast Cancer
Goodwin, P. J., Leszcz, M., Ennis, M., Koopmans, J., Vincent, L., Guther, H., Drysdale, E., Hundleby, M., Chochinov, H. M., Navarro, M., et al. (2001) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa011871 · Cited by 891
Depression and cancer: mechanisms and disease progression
Spiegel, D., & Giese-Davis, J. (2003) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00566-3 · Cited by 874
Self-citationForcing a sequential experiment to be balanced
EFRON, B. (1971) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/58.3.403 · Cited by 873
Group Support for Patients With Metastatic Cancer: A Randomized Prospective Outcome Study
Spiegel, D. (1981) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1980.01780300039004 · Cited by 862
Self-citationBerry, D. A., Cirrincione, C., Henderson, I. C., Citron, M. L., Budman, D. R., Goldstein, L. J., Martino, S., Perez, E. A., Muss, H. B., Norton, L., et al. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.295.14.1658 · Cited by 732
UK and USA breast cancer deaths down 25% in year 2000 at ages 20–69 years
Peto, R., Boreham, J., Clarke, M. J., Davies, C., & Beral, V. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02277-7 · Cited by 647
Newell, S. (2002) · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · doi:10.1093/jnci/94.8.558 · Cited by 592
Centring in regression analyses: a strategy to prevent errors in statistical inference
Kraemer, H., & Blasey, C. (2004) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.170 · Cited by 533
Self-citationClassen, C., Butler, L. D., Koopman, C., Miller, E., DiMiceli, S., Giese-Davis, J., Fobair, P., Carlson, R. W., Kraemer, H. C., & Spiegel, D. (2001) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.5.494 · Cited by 520
Self-citationTrance and Treatment: Clinical Uses of Hypnosis
Spiegel, H., & Spiegel, D. (1978) · Cited by 516
Self-citationGroup therapy and hypnosis reduce metastatic breast carcinoma pain
Spiegel, D., & Bloom, J. R. (1983) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198308000-00007 · Cited by 451
Self-citationKissane, D. W., Grabsch, B., Clarke, D. M., Smith, G. C., Love, A. W., Bloch, S., Snyder, R. D., & Li, Y. (2007) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.1185 · Cited by 376
Trance and Treatment: Clinical Uses of Hypnosis
Werman, D. S. (1979) · American Journal of Psychotherapy · doi:10.1176/appi.psychotherapy.1979.33.2.317 · Cited by 343
McCorkle (2000) · doi:10.1111/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03886.x · Cited by 321
Moderators of Treatment Outcomes: Clinical, Research, and Policy Importance
Kraemer, H. C., Frank, E., & Kupfer, D. J. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.296.10.1286 · Cited by 310
Self-citationThe effect of compliance with treatment on survival among patients with hematologic malignancies.
Richardson, J. L., Shelton, D. R., Krailo, M., & Levine, A. M. (1990) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.1990.8.2.356 · Cited by 305
Cunningham, A. J., Edmonds, C. V. I., Jenkins, G., Pollack, H. B., Lockwood, G. A., & Warr, D. G. (1998) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1611(199811/12)7:6 · Cited by 276
Effects of counseling for late stage cancer patients
Linn, M. W., Linn, B. S., & Harris, R. (1982) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(19820301)49:5 · Cited by 273
Giese‐Davis, J., Koopman, C., Butler, L. D., Classen, C. C., Cordova, M. J., Fobair, P., Benson, J., KRAEMER, H. C., & Spiegel, D. (2002) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.70.4.916 · Cited by 236
Self-citationGroup Therapy For Cancer Patients: A Research-based Handbook Of Psychosocial Care
Spiegel, D., & Classen, C. C. (2000) · Cited by 195
Self-citationGroup therapy with the terminally ill
Yalom, I. D., & Greaves, C. (1977) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.134.4.396 · Cited by 173
Fawzy, F. I., Canada, A. L., & Fawzy, N. W. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.1.100 · Cited by 173
Effect of Cognitive-Existential Group Therapy on Survival in Early-Stage Breast Cancer
Kissane, D. W., Love, A. W., Hatton, A., Bloch, S., Smith, G. C., Clarke, D. M., Miach, P., Ikin, J. F., Ranieri, N., & Snyder, R. D. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2004.12.129 · Cited by 163
Kuchler, T., Henne‐Bruns, D., Rappat, S., Graul, J., Holst, K., Williams, J., & Wood-Dauphinée, S. (1999) · PubMed · Cited by 134
Meta-analysis of the effects of psychosocial interventions on survival time in cancer patients
Smedslund, G., & Ringdal, G. I. (2004) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(03)00575-0 · Cited by 121
Trance and Treatment: Clinical Uses of Hypnosis
(2004) · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781615377497 · Cited by 117
Does psychosocial intervention improve survival in cancer? A meta-analysis
Chow, E., Tsao, M. N., & Harth, T. (2004) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1191/0269216304pm842oa · Cited by 112
Effects of psychotherapy on cancer survival
Spiegel, D. (2002) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc800 · Cited by 96
Self-citationPitfalls of Multisite Randomized Clinical Trials of Efficacy and Effectiveness
KRAEMER, H. C. (2000) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.schbul.a033474 · Cited by 89
Self-citationChlebowski, R. T., Blackburn, G. L., Elashoff, R. E., Thomson, C. A., Goodman, M. T., Shapiro, A. C., Giuliano, A. E., KARANJA, N. M., Hoy, M. K., & Nixon, D. W. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.10 · Cited by 88
Correlates of depressed mood in ambulatory head and neck cancer patients
Kugaya, A., Akechi, T., Okamura, H., Mikami, I., & Uchitomi, Y. (1999) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1611(199911/12)8:6 · Cited by 70
Self-citationAwareness of breast cancer incidence and risk factors among healthy women
Pöhls, U. G., Renner, S. P., Fasching, P. A., Lux, M. P., Kreis, H., Ackermann, S., Bender, H., & Beckmann, M. W. (2004) · European Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.1097/01.cej.0000136718.03089.a5 · Cited by 57
Psychological interventions for women with metastatic breast cancer
Edwards, A., Hulbert-Williams, N., & Neal, R. D. (2004) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004253.pub2 · Cited by 57
Yalom, I. D. (1977) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.134.2.213-b · Cited by 42
Kristensen, V. N., Sørlie, T., Geisler, J., Langerød, A., Yoshimura, N., Kåresen, R., Harada, N., Lønning, P. E., & Børresen‐Dale, A. (2005) · Clinical Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/1078-0432.878s.11.2 · Cited by 36
KRAEMER, H. C., & Robinson, T. N. (2005) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2005.05.002 · Cited by 31
Self-citationEnhancing women's lives: The role of support groups among breast cancer patients
Gore-Felton, C. E., & Spiegel, D. (1999) · The Journal for Specialists in Group Work · doi:10.1080/01933929908411436 · Cited by 29
Self-citationHill, M. A., Araya, J. C., Eckert, M. W., Gillespie, A. T., Hunt, J. D., & Levine, E. A. (1997) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0142(19970715)80:2 · Cited by 29
Self-citationEFFECTS OF COUNSELING FOR LATE STAGE CANCER
Linn, M. W., Linn, B. S., & Harris, R. (1982) · Cited by 23
Spiegel, D. (2004) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/s0022-3999(03)00576-2 · Cited by 12
Self-citation- Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Ilnyckyj A, 1994, A randomized controlled trial of psychotherapeutic intervention in cancer patients, Ann R Coll Phys Surg Can., 27, 93
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Happy People Live Longer: Subjective Well‐Being Contributes to Health and Longevity
Diener, E., & Chan, M. Y. (2011) · Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/j.1758-0854.2010.01045.x · Cited by 2,260
Marital Status and Survival in Patients With Cancer
Aizer, A. A., Chen, M., McCarthy, E. P., Mendu, M. L., Koo, S., Wilhite, T. J., Graham, P. L., Choueiri, T. K., Hoffman, K. E., Martin, N. E., et al. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2013.49.6489 · Cited by 1,053
Taylor, S. E. (2012) · The Oxford Handbook of Health Psychology · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342819.013.0009 · Cited by 993
Faller, H., Schuler, M., Richard, M., Heckl, U., Weis, J., & Küffner, R. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2011.40.8922 · Cited by 912
Anxiety disorders and comorbid medical illness
Roy-Byrne, P. P., Davidson, K. W., Kessler, R. C., Asmundson, G. J. G., Goodwin, R. D., Kubzansky, L., Lydiard, R. B., Massie, M. J., Katon, W., Laden, S. K., et al. (2008) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2007.12.006 · Cited by 668
Metadata
- Authors
- Spiegel, D., Butler, L. D., Giese‐Davis, J., Koopman, C., Miller, E., DiMiceli, S., Classen, C. C., Fobair, P., Carlson, R. W., & Kraemer, H. C.
- Affiliations
- Stanford Medicine (US)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Spiegel, David
- Venue
- Cancer
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-08-20
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1130-1138
- ISSN
- 0008-543X (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0142
- OpenAlex
- W1519098354
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 37 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 10.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cancer (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- Fetzer Institute
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH047226)
- National Cancer Institute
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Keywords
- supportive-expressive group therapy, metastatic breast cancer, survival, psychosocial interventions, estrogen receptor status, replication, social support, emotional expression, locally recurrent breast cancer
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Metastasis, Prognosis, Prospective Studies, Psychotherapy, Group, Time Factors, Logistic Models, Kaplan-Meier Estimate
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
