Hormonal control of neuron number in sexually dimorphic spinal nuclei of the rat: II. Development of the spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus in androgen‐insensitive (Tfm) rats
Abstract
The spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus (SNB) is a sexually dimorphic motor nucleus whose development is under the control of steroid hormones. The SNB contains many more motoneurons in adult male rats than in females, and this sex difference is produced by a sexually dimorphic motoneuron death which is regulated by androgens. To study further the role of androgens in the development of sex differences in SNB motoneuron number, we examined SNB development in males with the testicular feminization mutation (Tfm) which renders them insensitive to androgens. Counts of SNB motoneurons perinatally revealed that SNB development in normal male and female King-Holtzman rats was similar to that reported previously for Sprague-Dawley rats; SNB motoneuron number increased from initially low levels at embryonic day 18 through the day before birth, when motoneuron numbers in both sexes were substantially higher than adult levels. After this prenatal increase, motoneuron number declined in both sexes, until by postnatal day 10 motoneuron numbers were in their adult ranges and the sex difference was fully expressed. Females lost more motoneurons than did males during this period, and this loss was due to motoneuron death as revealed by counts of degenerating cells. SNB development in King-Holtzman Tfm males was similar to that of normal males through embryonic day 20, suggesting that androgens may not be necessary for the initial increase in motoneuron numbers in the SNB. Thereafter, SNB…
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Perinatal androgens serve to rescue SNB motor neurons from programmed death.
“Perinatal androgens serve to rescue SNB motor neurons from programmed death (Sengelaub et al. 1989), a process that could be blocked by an antiandrogen like Vz.”
From Perinatal Exposure to Low Levels of the Environmental Antiandrogen Vinclozolin Alters Sex-Differentiated Social Play and Sexual Behaviors in the Rat (2005) · cites this paper as Sengelaub et al. 1989
Cites
Part I. Male Pseudohermaphroditism in the Laboratory Norway Rat
STANLEY, A. J., GUMBRECK, L. G., ALLISON, J. E., & EASLEY, R. B. (1973) · Proceedings of the 1972 Laurentian Hormone Conference · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-571129-6.50005-1 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
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Colbert, N. K. W., Pelletier, N. C., Cote, J. M., Concannon, J. B., Jurdak, N. A., Minott, S. B., & Markowski, V. P. (2005) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.7509 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“In the adult male, there are two to three times more SNB motor neurons than in females (Sengelaub et al. 1989).”
Background
- Authors
- Sengelaub, D. R., Kurz, E. M., Jordan, C. L., & Arnold, A. P.
- Affiliations
- Indiana University Bloomington (US)
- University of California, Los Angeles (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1989-02-22
- Volume
- 280
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 630-636
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- OpenAlex
- W2084450124
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29ns024877-03)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R29 NS 24877, NS 0735-5)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 15021)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Hypothalamic control of reproductive hormones
- Keywords
- spinal nucleus of the bulbocavernosus, androgen insensitivity syndrome, androgen receptor, motoneuron death, neuronal cell death, prenatal development, postnatal development
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Androgens, Animals, Cell Count, Female, Male, Motor Neurons, Rats, Mutant Strains, Sex Characteristics, Spinal Cord, Rats
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