The DOI matches its Crossref record; 138 of the 138 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A PHA-L analysis of ascending projections of the dorsal raphe nucleus in the rat
Abstract
Ascending projections from the dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) were examined in the rat by using the anterograde anatomical tracer, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin (PHA-L). The majority of labeled fibers from the DR ascended through the forebrain within the medial forebrain bundle. DR fibers were found to terminate heavily in several subcortical as well as cortical sites. The following subcortical nuclei receive dense projections from the DR: ventral regions of the midbrain central gray including the 'supraoculomotor central gray' region, the ventral tegmental area, the substantia nigra-pars compacta, midline and intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus including the posterior paraventricular, the parafascicular, reuniens, rhomboid, intermediodorsal/mediodorsal, and central medial thalamic nuclei, the central, lateral and basolateral nuclei of the amygdala, posteromedial regions of the striatum, the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, the lateral septal nucleus, the lateral preoptic area, the substantia innominata, the magnocellular preoptic nucleus, the endopiriform nucleus, and the ventral pallidum. The following subcortical nuclei receive moderately dense projections from the DR: the median raphe nucleus, the midbrain reticular formation, the cuneiform/pedunculopontine tegmental area, the retrorubral nucleus, the supramammillary nucleus, the lateral hypothalamus, the paracentral and central lateral intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus, the globus pallidus, the medial preoptic area, the vertical and horizontal limbs of the diagonal band nuclei, the claustrum, the nucleus accumbens, and the olfactory tubercle. The piriform, insular and frontal cortices receive dense projections from the DR; the occipital, entorhinal, perirhinal, frontal orbital, anterior cingulate, and infralimbic cortices, as well as the hippocampal formation, receive moderately dense projections from the DR. Some notable differences were observed in projections from the caudal DR and the rostral DR. For example, the hippocampal formation receives moderately dense projections from the caudal DR and essentially none from the rostral DR. On the other hand, virtually all neocortical regions receive significantly denser projections from the rostral than from the caudal DR. The present results demonstrate that dorsal raphe fibers project significantly throughout widespread regions of the midbrain and forebrain.
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“The MR serotonin neurons project to structures near the midline, whereas the DR serotonin neurons target more lateral regions (Jacobs and Azmitia, 1992; Muzerelle et al., 2016; Vertes, 1991; Vertes et al., 1999).”
From Single-cell transcriptomes and whole-brain projections of serotonin neurons in the mouse dorsal and median raphe nuclei (2019) · cites this paper as Vertes, 1991
In the citing paper
“DRN 5-HT neurons send highly divergent projections that target many functionally distinct brain regions (Azmitia and Segal, 1978; Muzerelle et al., 2016; Vertes, 1991).”
From Molecular and anatomical organization of the dorsal raphe nucleus (2019) · cites this paper as Vertes, 1991
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“Axonal projections of DRN neurons broadly innervate the vertebrate forebrain 35,54,90,91 .”
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“…5-HT signal may reflect engagement of slower neuromodulatory loops, possibly via mPFC projections to the dorsal raphe and reciprocal serotonergic innervation of frontal and striatal targets, which integrate over longer timescales than the fast glutamatergic and GABAergic responses [58–60].”
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“The DRN sends dense projections to key limbic and cortical regions, including the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala (Ren et al. 2018; Vertes 1991), that are vital for emotional processing.”
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“…studies have shown that the CLA receives strong inputs from serotonergic (5-HT) neurons of dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) (Zingg et al., 2018; Vertes, 1991; Peyron et al., 1998), and expresses high levels of 5-HT receptors, including 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1F, 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptors…”
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“In particular, Vertes and colleagues demonstrated that both the DRN and the MRN project to the forebrain, but to separate regions with very little overlap [ 12 , 13].”
BackgroundDefelipe (1999) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990927)412:3
Rinaman (1998) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19980914)399:1
Metadata
- Authors
- Vertes, R. P.
- Affiliations
- Florida Atlantic University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Vertes, Robert P.
- ORCID
- Vertes, Robert P.
- Venue
- Journal of Comparative Neurology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1991-11-22
- Volume
- 313
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 643-668
- ISSN
- 0021-9967 (ISSN-L)
- 1096-9861
- OpenAlex
- W1984112731
- Cited by
- 842
- References
- 138
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 26 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 36 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Comparative Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- dorsal raphe nucleus, ascending projections, serotonergic system, medial forebrain bundle, thalamus, amygdala, striatum, hippocampal formation, anterograde tracing, Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin, periaqueductal gray, substantia nigra pars compacta, ventral tegmental area
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, Immunohistochemistry, Male, Neural Pathways, Phytohemagglutinins, Raphe Nuclei, Rats, Inbred Strains, Rats
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