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Cited by 86Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPosttraumatic Stress Disorder Research

Anger problems across the anxiety disorders: findings from a population-based study

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Hawkins, Kirsten A., Cougle, Jesse R.·2011·Depression and Anxiety
DOI 10.1002/da.20764
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Previous research examining anger problems among the anxiety disorders has been limited by the use of nonrepresentative samples, univariate analyses, as well as low sample size. The current study examined the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder, specific phobia (SP), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and anger experience and expression. We hypothesized that greater anger experience and expression would be associated with all anxiety disorders, but that it would be most consistently associated with PTSD and PD diagnoses, and that these relationships would remain significant after controlling for demographics (i.e. age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, and income) and comorbid disorders. METHODS: Participants included 5,692 (54% female) adults from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication, a large, nationally representative survey. RESULTS: Our data suggest that there are unique relationships between multiple anxiety disorders and various indices of anger experience and expression that are not better accounted for by psychiatric comorbidity. Contrary to predictions, PTSD and PD were not consistently associated with anger experience and expression. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these findings lend support to the emerging literature demonstrating a potentially important relationship between anxiety disorders and anger problems.

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  • The ICD-11 guidelines alert clinicians to the diversity of emotional reactions (e.g., shame, disgust, anger) that may manifest in anxiety and fear-related disorders.

    “the ICD-11 guidelines also alert clinicians to the diversity of emotional reactions (e.g., shame, disgust, anger) that may manifest in these disorders.[42][43][44][45][46]”

    From The Classification of Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorders in the ICD-11: Review: Anxiety and Fear-Related Disorders in ICD-11 (2016) · cites this paper as [44]

    The Discussion (page unavailable) reports a relationship between anger and multiple anxiety disorders and suggests that clinicians assess anger. This supports anger as an emotional reaction in these disorders, but the paper does not address shame, disgust, or what the ICD-11 guidelines tell clinicians. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Rothenberg A. On anger. Am J Psychiatry 1971;128:454-460.
  2. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Fourth Edition Text Revision. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2000.
  3. First MB, Spitzer RL, Gibbon M, Williams JBW. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Research Version, Non-Patient Edition (SCID-I/NP). New York: Bio- metrics Research, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 2002.

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Authors
Hawkins, K. A., & Cougle, J. R.
Affiliations
Florida State University (US)
Corresponding author
Cougle, Jesse R.
ORCID
Cougle, Jesse R.
Venue
Depression and Anxiety
Publisher
Hindawi Limited
Published
2010-12-13
Volume
28
Issue
2
Pages
145-152
ISSN
1091-4269 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1002/da.20764
OpenAlex
W1970001081
Cited by
86
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 9
FWCI
8.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 1723 d)
Locations
  • Depression and Anxiety (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Keywords
anger problems, anger experience, anger expression, anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, generalized anxiety disorder, psychiatric comorbidity, National Comorbidity Survey Replication
MeSH terms
Adult, Alcoholism, Anger, Anxiety Disorders, Borderline Personality Disorder, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders, Male, Middle Aged, Phobic Disorders, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Comorbidity, Panic Disorder, Substance-Related Disorders

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