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Cited by 221Ginger and Zingiberaceae researchGarlic and Onion StudiesGinseng Biological Effects and Applications

Ginger in gastrointestinal disorders: A systematic review of clinical trials

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Nikkhah Bodagh, Mehrnaz, Maleki, Iradj, Hekmatdoost, Azita·2019·Food Science & Nutrition
DOI 10.1002/fsn3.807PMC PMC6341159
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Abstract

Ginger, the rhizome of Zingiber officinale, which is used as a spice globally has a long history of medicinal use that stimulates investigators to assess its potential roles as an adjuvant therapy or alternative medicine in a range of diseases. Anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, and antiulcer effects of ginger have been proven in many scientific studies, and some of the ancient applications of ginger as a home remedy has been confirmed in human. In this review, we summarized the current evidence on the effects of ginger consumption on gastrointestinal disorders based on clinical trials. Our data indicate that divided lower daily dosage of 1500 mg ginger is beneficial for nausea relief. Because of limited number of studies on some other gastrointestinal disorders, the results may not be as much powered as to find significant results. Therefore, more extensive and well-controlled human studies of ginger or its standard extracts are required to demonstrate its efficacy as a gastroprotective agent. Dose-finding studies should be undertaken to accurately determine the effective dose and preparation of ginger in further clinical trials protocol.

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  • Ginger supplementation has beneficial effects on nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, bloating, gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal malignancies, abdominal discomfort, gastric dysrhythmias, gastric ulcers, gastric emptying, intestinal motility, and swallowing function.

    “In particular, supplementation with ginger has shown beneficial effects on nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, bloating, gastroenteritis, GI malignancies, abdominal discomfort, gastric dysrhythmias, gastric ulcers, gastric emptying, intestinal motility, and swallowing function [12, 13].”

    From The effects of ginger supplementation on common gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [12]

    The Nausea and Vomiting and Gastric Emptying and Dyspepsia sections report benefits for nausea, vomiting, motility and gastric emptying; the latter also reports improved bloating and epigastric pain with a ginger–artichoke combination. The Dysphagia and Gastrointestinal Malignancies sections describe narrower findings concerning swallowing in older adults and colorectal-cancer risk markers. The claim overstates the evidence for gastroenteritis, gastric dysrhythmias and gastric ulcers: the Gastroenteritis section examines gastrointestinal pain in patients with osteoarthritis, dysrhythmias appear only in a reference title, and the Introduction describes ulcer treatment chiefly as traditional use. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Mild GI-related side effects such as mouth irritation, heartburn, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, gas, and belching have rarely been reported after ginger consumption.

    “Mild GI-related side effects such as mouth irritation, heartburn, abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, gas, and belching have rarely been reported after ginger consumption [7, 12].”

    From The effects of ginger supplementation on common gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [12]

    The “Adverse Effects After Ingestion of Ginger” section (page not supplied) says ginger rarely causes mild gastrointestinal side effects, including heartburn, belching, and gastrointestinal discomfort. It does not identify mouth irritation, diarrhea, or gas as reported side effects; elsewhere, it describes ginger as preventing flatulence rather than causing it. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Ginger has gastrointestinal protective properties.

    “Ginger rhizome or simply ginger is also a nutraceutical known for its antioxidant, neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, anti-cancer, analgesic, and GI protective properties [9–12].”

    From The effects of ginger supplementation on common gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [12]

  • The analgesic, carminative, anti-nausea, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of ginger may further increase its efficacy in reducing GI symptoms.

    “the analgesic, carminative, anti-nausea, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of ginger may further increase its efficacy in reducing GI symptoms [12].”

    From The effects of ginger supplementation on common gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial (2023) · cites this paper as [12]

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Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Nikkhah Bodagh, M., Maleki, I., & Hekmatdoost, A.
Affiliations
  • Student Research Committee Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
  • Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences (IR)
  • National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute (IR)
Corresponding author
Hekmatdoost, Azita
ORCID
Venue
Food Science & Nutrition
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2018-11-05
Volume
7
Issue
1
Pages
96-108
ISSN
2048-7177 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1002/fsn3.807
PMC
PMC6341159
OpenAlex
W2899591997
Cited by
221
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 36 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 1
FWCI
3.06
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Food Science & Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmacology › Ginger and Zingiberaceae research
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Garlic and Onion Studies
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ginseng Biological Effects and Applications
Keywords
ginger, gastrointestinal diseases, gastroprotection, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, antiulcer activity, adjuvant therapy, dose-finding studies, ginger extract

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