mTOR kinase, a key player in the regulation of glial functions: Relevance for the therapy of multiple sclerosis

Phosphorylation and regulation of Akt/PKB by the rictor-mTOR complex

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TOR signaling in growth and metabolism

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Multiple Sclerosis

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mTOR Interacts with Raptor to Form a Nutrient-Sensitive Complex that Signals to the Cell Growth Machinery

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Rictor, a Novel Binding Partner of mTOR, Defines a Rapamycin-Insensitive and Raptor-Independent Pathway that Regulates the Cytoskeleton

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Prolonged Rapamycin Treatment Inhibits mTORC2 Assembly and Akt/PKB

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Molecular mechanisms of mTOR-mediated translational control

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Mammalian TOR complex 2 controls the actin cytoskeleton and is rapamycin insensitive

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Raptor, a Binding Partner of Target of Rapamycin (TOR), Mediates TOR Action

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HIF1α–dependent glycolytic pathway orchestrates a metabolic checkpoint for the differentiation of TH17 and Treg cells

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Promoting Axon Regeneration in the Adult CNS by Modulation of the PTEN/mTOR Pathway

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mTOR regulates memory CD8 T-cell differentiation

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Ablation in Mice of the mTORC Components raptor, rictor, or mLST8 Reveals that mTORC2 Is Required for Signaling to Akt-FOXO and PKCα, but Not S6K1

Guertin, D. A., Stevens, D. M., Thoreen, C. C., Burds, A. A., Kalaany, N. Y., Moffat, J., Brown, M., Fitzgerald, K. J., & Sabatini, D. M. (2006) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2006.10.007 · Cited by 1,409 · see citing works

mTOR differentially regulates effector and regulatory T cell lineage commitment

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DEPTOR is an mTOR inhibitor frequently overexpressed in multiple myeloma cells and required for their survival

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mTOR signaling: At the crossroads of plasticity, memory and disease

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The kinase mTOR regulates the differentiation of helper T cells through the selective activation of signaling by mTORC1 and mTORC2

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Regulation and function of mTOR signalling in T cell fate decisions

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Inhibition of mTOR by Rapamycin Abolishes Cognitive Deficits and Reduces Amyloid-β Levels in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease

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PTEN deletion enhances the regenerative ability of adult corticospinal neurons

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The Biology and Clinical Relevance of the PTEN Tumor Suppressor Pathway

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Molecular Interplay between Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR), Amyloid-β, and Tau

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Immunoregulatory functions of mTOR inhibition

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Chemotropic Responses of Retinal Growth Cones Mediated by Rapid Local Protein Synthesis and Degradation

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A rapamycin-sensitive signaling pathway contributes to long-term synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus

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mTOR·RICTOR Is the Ser473 Kinase for Akt/Protein Kinase B in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

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Regulation of Dendritic Morphogenesis by Ras–PI3K–Akt–mTOR and Ras–MAPK Signaling Pathways

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Control of Dendritic Arborization by the Phosphoinositide-3′-Kinase–Akt–Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway

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Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR): Conducting the Cellular Signaling Symphony

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In vivo expansion of T reg cells with IL-2–mAb complexes: induction of resistance to EAE and long-term acceptance of islet allografts without immunosuppression

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Response of a Neuronal Model of Tuberous Sclerosis to Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Inhibitors: Effects on mTORC1 and Akt Signaling Lead to Improved Survival and Function

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The Mammalian Target of Rapamycin: Linking T Cell Differentiation, Function, and Metabolism

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Pain associated with multiple sclerosis: Systematic review and proposed classification

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Inhibition of the immune response by rapamycin, a new antifungal antibiotic

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Structure of the Human mTOR Complex I and Its Implications for Rapamycin Inhibition

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Targeting mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) for health and diseases

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An Oscillatory Switch in mTOR Kinase Activity Sets Regulatory T Cell Responsiveness

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Constitutively active Akt induces enhanced myelination in the CNS

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Inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases

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Tuberous Sclerosis: from Tubers to mTOR

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PTEN Inhibition to Facilitate Intrinsic Regenerative Outgrowth of Adult Peripheral Axons

Christie, K. J., Webber, C. A., Martinez, J. A., Singh, B., & Zochodne, D. W. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.6271-09.2010 · Cited by 336 · see citing works

mTORC2 can associate with ribosomes to promote cotranslational phosphorylation and stability of nascent Akt polypeptide

Oh, W. J., Wu, C. C., Kim, S. J., Facchinetti, V., Julien, L.-A., Finlan, M., Roux, P. P., Su, B., & Jacinto, E. (2010) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1038/emboj.2010.271 · Cited by 333 · see citing works

Elevated Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-Trisphosphate in Glia Triggers Cell-Autonomous Membrane Wrapping and Myelination

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Rapamycin is a neuroprotective treatment for traumatic brain injury

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Akt Signals through the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway to Regulate CNS Myelination

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Functional Genomic Analysis of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation

Dugas, J. C., Tai, Y. C., Speed, T. P., Ngai, J., & Barres, B. A. (2006) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.2572-06.2006 · Cited by 324 · see citing works

The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in innate immune cells: emerging therapeutic applications

Weichhart, T., & Säemann, M. D. (2008) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2008.098459 · Cited by 324 · see citing works

Target of rapamycin (TOR): balancing the opposing forces of protein synthesis and degradation.

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Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ agonists prevent experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Accuracy of ARGOS Locations of Pinnipeds at-Sea Estimated Using Fastloc GPS

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T- and B-cell responses to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis

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The Growing Role of mTOR in Neuronal Development and Plasticity

Jaworski, J., & Sheng, M. (2006) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1385/mn:34:3:205 · Cited by 268 · see citing works

Rapamycin inhibits mTORC1, but not completely

Thoreen, C. C., & Sabatini, D. M. (2009) · Autophagy · doi:10.4161/auto.5.5.8504 · Cited by 267 · see citing works

Activation of the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Is Essential for Oligodendrocyte Differentiation

Tyler, W. A., Gangoli, N., Gokina, P., Kim, H. A., Covey, M., Levison, S. W., & Wood, T. L. (2009) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0234-09.2009 · Cited by 263 · see citing works

The multiple facets of mTOR in immunity

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Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1: Signalling inputs, substrates and feedback mechanisms

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Insulin promotes dendritic spine and synapse formation by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Rac1 signaling pathways

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Rapamycin: Something Old, Something New, Sometimes Borrowed and Now Renewed

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Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Activation Increases Axonal Growth Capacity of Injured Peripheral Nerves

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Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) orchestrates the defense program of innate immune cells

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The Receptor SIGIRR Suppresses Th17 Cell Proliferation via Inhibition of the Interleukin-1 Receptor Pathway and mTOR Kinase Activation

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The mTOR kinase inhibitor rapamycin decreases iNOS mRNA stability in astrocytes

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Erk1/2 MAPK and mTOR signaling sequentially regulates progression through distinct stages of oligodendrocyte differentiation

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The Rheb-mTOR pathway is upregulated in reactive astrocytes of the injured spinal cord

Codeluppi, S., Svensson, C., Hefferan, M., Valencia, F., Silldorff, M. D., Oshiro, M., Marsala, M., & Pasquale, E. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4103-08.2009 · Cited by 168 · see citing works

Rapamycin impairs antigen uptake of human dendritic cells1

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Kinetics and Cellular Origin of Cytokines in the Central Nervous System: Insight into Mechanisms of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

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Dysferlin Is a New Marker for Leaky Brain Blood Vessels in Multiple Sclerosis

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Involvement of mTOR kinase in cytokine-dependent microglial activation and cell proliferation

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Rapamycin Activates Autophagy and Improves Myelination in Explant Cultures from Neuropathic Mice

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Characterization of relapsing–remitting and chronic forms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in C57BL/6 mice

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Dopaminergic pathway reconstruction by Akt/Rheb‐induced axon regeneration

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Glutamatergic Regulation of the p70S6 Kinase in Primary Mouse Neurons*

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IGF‐1‐stimulated protein synthesis in oligodendrocyte progenitors requires PI3K/mTOR/Akt and MEK/ERK pathways

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TOR on the brain

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Sirolimus, a New, Potent Immunosuppressive Agent

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ANALOGS OF 1,25-DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D 3 AS DOSE-REDUCING AGENTS FOR CLASSICAL IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS12

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Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and mTOR mediate lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nitric oxide production in macrophages via interferon-β

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Chronic Progressive Multiple Sclerosis – Pathogenesis of Neurodegeneration and Therapeutic Strategies

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Hypoxia-induced iNOS expression in microglia is regulated by the PI3-kinase/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway and activation of hypoxia inducible factor-1α

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mTOR at the crossroads of T cell proliferation and tolerance

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PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling regulates glutamate transporter 1 in astrocytes

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Rapamycin inhibits relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by both effector and regulatory T cells modulation

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Pituitary adenylyl cyclase-activating polypeptide is an intrinsic regulator of Treg abundance and protects against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Erythropoietin and Wnt1 Govern Pathways of mTOR, Apaf-1, and XIAP in Inflammatory Microglia

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Use of Rapamycin in the Induction of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells

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Everolimus and Basiliximab Permit Suppression by Human CD4+CD25+ Cells in vitro

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Insulin Promotes Rat Retinal Neuronal Cell Survival in a p70S6K-dependent Manner*

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The pro-survival pathways of mTOR and protein kinase B target glycogen synthase kinase-3beta and nuclear factor-kappaB to foster endogenous microglial cell protection.

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