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Cited by 22Aging, Health, and DisabilityHealth disparities and outcomesAging and Gerontology Research

Determinants of psychosocial factors among the oldest old - Evidence from the representative "Survey on quality of life and subjective well-being of the very old in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW80+)

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Hajek, André, König, Hans‐Helmut·2022·International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
DOI 10.1002/gps.5631
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Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to examine socioeconomic and health-related variables associated with psychosocial factors among the oldest old. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were used from the representative "Survey on quality of life and subjective well-being of the very old in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW80+)" consisting of individuals aged 80 years and over (n = 952, average age was 86 years) living in North Rhine-Westphalia (most populous state of Germany). Established tools were used to quantify loneliness, life satisfaction and depressive symptoms. Socioeconomic and health-related determinants were included in regression analysis. RESULTS: Multiple linear regressions showed that higher life satisfaction was associated with a greater network size, lower functional impairment and better self-rated health. Moreover, higher loneliness was associated with being unmarried, a smaller network size, worse self-rated health and higher functional impairment. Additionally, more depressive symptoms were associated with lower age (i.e., 80-84 years compared to 90 years and over), asset poverty, the presence of multimorbidity, higher functional impairment and worse self-rated health. CONCLUSIONS: Our study identified various socioeconomic and health-related factors associated with worse psychosocial factors among the oldest old. This knowledge may assist in targeting oldest old individuals at risk for worse psychosocial factors.

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  • The mean loneliness score in this study was higher than among community-dwelling oldest-old in Germany (1.6) and in a previous study among community-dwelling and institutionalised oldest-old in one state in Germany (1.3).

    “which was higher than among community dwelling oldest-old in Germany 1.6 (0.7) [11] and in a previous study among community-dwelling and institutionalised (5.1%) oldest-old in one state in Germany 1.3 (0.6) [8].”

    From Factors associated with loneliness in a national study among persons 80 years and older in India in 2017-2018 (2025) · cites this paper as [8]

    The Sample characteristics section reports a mean loneliness score of 1.3 (SD 0.6) for the NRW80+ sample, which included people in private homes and institutional settings. However, Table 1 reports 1.5% living in an institutional setting, not the cited sentence’s 5.1%. The separate German community-dwelling comparison of 1.6 is attributed to citation [11], not this paper. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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  • A previous study among the oldest old in one state in Germany found that higher life satisfaction was associated with greater self-rated health, less functional impairment, and a larger network size, all of which may decrease the development of loneliness.

    “A previous study among the oldest old in one state in Germany [8] found that higher life satisfaction was associated greater self-rated health, less functional impairment, and a larger network size, all of which may decrease the development of loneliness.”

    From Factors associated with loneliness in a national study among persons 80 years and older in India in 2017-2018 (2025) · cites this paper as [8]

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  • Other studies among the oldest-old did not find significant gender differences, including in Shanghai, Germany, and Sweden/Finland.

    “Similarly, other studies among the oldest-old did not find significant gender differences, including in Shanghai [36], Germany [8,10,11], and Sweden/Finland [18,27].”

    From Factors associated with loneliness in a national study among persons 80 years and older in India in 2017-2018 (2025) · cites this paper as [8]

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Heidenblut S, Zank S. Screening for depression with the depression in old age scale (DIA-S) and the geriatric depression scale (GDS15): diagnostic accuracy in a geriatric inpatient setting. Geropsychol J Gerontopsychol Geriatric Psychiatry. 2014;27(1):41-49.
  2. Hajek A. Der Einfluss von Armut und Reichtum auf die Lebenszu- friedenheit: eine empirische Analyse mit dem SOEP unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Capability Approach. vol. 51. Herbert Utz Verlag; 2013.
  3. Lawton M, Brody E, Médecin U. Instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Gerontol. 1969;9:179-186.

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Authors
Hajek, A., & König, H.
Affiliations
University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (DE)
Corresponding author
Hajek, André
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2021-10-07
Volume
37
Issue
1
ISSN
  • 0885-6230 (ISSN-L)
  • 1099-1166
DOI
10.1002/gps.5631
OpenAlex
W3204253522
Cited by
22
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 6 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 2
FWCI
2.60
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
  • Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
Keywords
oldest old, psychosocial factors, loneliness, life satisfaction, depressive symptoms, social networks, functional disability, self-rated health, asset poverty, multimorbidity, marital status, socioeconomic factors, subjective well-being, quality of life

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