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Persistence of hepatitis A vaccine induced seropositivity in infants and young children by maternal antibody status: 10-year follow-up.
Open accessAbstract
UNLABELLED: Persistence of seropositivity conferred by hepatitis A vaccine administered to children <2 years of age is unknown and passively transferred maternal antibodies to hepatitis A virus (maternal anti-HAV) may lower the infant's immune response to the vaccine. One hundred ninety-seven infants and young children were randomized into three groups to receive a two-dose hepatitis A vaccine: group 1 at 6 and 12 months, group 2 at 12 and 18 months, and group 3 at 15 and 21 months of age. Within each group, infants were randomized by maternal anti-HAV status. Anti-HAV levels were measured at 1 and 6 months and at 3, 5, 7, and 10 years after the second dose of hepatitis A vaccination. Children in all groups had evidence of seroprotection (>10 mIU/mL) at 1 month after the second dose. At 10 years, all children retained seroprotective anti-HAV levels except for only 7% and 11% of children in group 1 born to anti-HAV-negative and anti-HAV-positive mothers, respectively, and 4% of group 3 children born to anti-HAV-negative mothers. At 10 years, children born to anti-HAV-negative mothers in group 3 had the highest geometric mean concentration (GMC) (97 mIU/mL; 95% confidence interval, 71-133 mIU/mL) and children born to anti-HAV-positive mothers in group 1 had the lowest GMC (29 mIU/mL; 95% confidence interval, 20-40 mIU/mL). Anti-HAV levels through 10 years of age correlated with initial peak anti-HAV levels (tested at 1 month after the second dose). CONCLUSION: The seropositivity induced by hepatitis A vaccine given to children <2 years of age persists for at least 10 years regardless of presence of maternal anti-HAV.
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By 1 month after the first dose, 94%-100% of adults have protective antibody levels, and after a second dose, 100% achieve protective levels.
“By 1 month after the first dose, 94%–100% of adults have protective antibody levels, and after a second dose, 100% achieve protective levels (1297,1300,1301).”
From Sexually Transmitted Infections Treatment Guidelines, 2021 (2021) · cites this paper as [1301]
Table 1 (Discussion; page not provided) reports 100% anti-HAV positivity one month after the second dose, but the participants were infants and young children, not adults. The paper does not report the claimed 94%–100% adult response one month after the first dose. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Sharapov, U. M., Bulkow, L. R., Negus, S. E., Spradling, P. R., Homan, C., Drobeniuc, J., Bruce, M., Kamili, S., Hu, D. J., & McMahon, B. J.
- Affiliations
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Hepatology
- Published
- 2012-08
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 516-522
- ISSN
- 0270-9139 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984391532
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 2.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Keywords
- hepatitis A vaccine, maternal antibodies, passive antibody transfer, infants, young children, vaccine immunogenicity, two-dose vaccination schedule, long-term antibody persistence
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Alaska, Child, Preschool, Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hepatitis A, Humans, Indians, North American, Infant, Male, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Infectious, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Incidence, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Hepatitis A Vaccines, Hepatitis A Antibodies
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