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Human rights approaches to reducing infertility
Open accessAbstract
In April 2023, the World Health Organization (WHO) issued new estimates affirming that one in six individuals experience infertility globally. Yet, many states are unclear on their responsibility to prevent infertility, ensure access to treatment, and to end the harm suffered by individuals who are considered infertile. Responding to this uncertainty, in June 2023, the United Nations Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (OHCHR) issued a new research paper explaining states' legal obligations regarding infertility. Importantly, OHCHR underscores that states must take steps to prevent infertility by addressing its root causes and ensure access to treatment. Further, states must address the negative consequences of infertility, including stigma and violence, as well as the discriminatory stereotypes that lead to certain groups facing disproportionate harm from infertility. This article provides an overview of the OHCHR report and explains what this means for healthcare providers, who have a critical role to play in providing care and advocating for legal and policy reform necessary to prevent, diagnose, and treat infertility.
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“Furthermore, providing psychosocial interventions for infertility is fundamental for realizing the human rights related to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health and the ability to make decisions [64].”
From Psychosocial interventions for improving marital intimacy, sexual satisfaction, and quality of life of women and couples with infertility problems in low and middle-income countries: Systematic review protocol (2025) · cites this paper as [64]
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The human rights impact of gender stereotyping in the context of reproductive health care
O’Connell, C., & Zampas, C. (2018) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.12693 · Cited by 19
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Infertility and Human Rights: A Jurisprudential Survey
Davis, M. F., & Khosla, R. (2022) · Columbia Academic Commons (Columbia University) · doi:10.7916/j3vb-gg87 · Cited by 7
Bioethics training in reproductive health in Mexico
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Mahabamunuge, J., & Seifer, D. B. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13082224 · Cited by 13
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Breaking barriers in male infertility: the power of artificial intelligence-driven solutions
Vázquez, L. I., Romero, N. P., Silva, D. T., Hernández, S. I., González-Santander, C., de la Parra, I., Romo, I. G., Rivas, J. A. G., & Sierra, J. M. (2026) · Frontiers in Urology · doi:10.3389/fruro.2026.1719894 · Cited by 4
Lebina, V. A., Shikhalakhova, O. K., Kokhan, A. A., Rashidov, I. Y., Tazhev, K. A., Filippova, A. V., Myshinskaya, E. P., Symolkina, Y. V., Ibuev, Y. I., Mataeva, A. A., et al. (2025) · Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproduction · doi:10.17749/2313-7347/ob.gyn.rep.2025.591 · Cited by 3
Tang, Q., Yi, H., Chen, S., Zheng, Y., Wen, Y., & Yang, M. (2024) · International Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.2147/ijgm.s450912 · Cited by 1
Human Rights Studies: A Systematic Literature Review (SLR)
Melani, Y., Salahudin, S., Firdaus, M., & Sumitro, S. (2024) · QISTINA Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia · doi:10.57235/qistina.v3i1.2348 · Cited by 1
Efficacy of Cognitive Restructuring in Reducing Depression in Women with Infertility
Nawaz, S., Sultan, S., & Batool, A. (2025) · Social science review archives. · doi:10.70670/sra.v3i1.338 · Cited by 1
Wang, Q., Hu, C., Li, Y., Zhang, T., & Zhang, S. H. (2026) · Medical Education Online · doi:10.1080/10872981.2026.2670047 · Cited by 2
Oppong, S. S., Naab, F., Duah, I. O., Ankamah, S., Owiredu, D., Ametor, F. H., Imakando, M. M., Kyei, J. M., & Danso-Appiah, A. (2025) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0335068
“Furthermore, providing psychosocial interventions for infertility is fundamental for realizing the human rights related to the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health and the ability to make decisions [64].”
Steiner, J. J., & Eve, J. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/9780197755389.003.0008 · Cited by 1
Nie, X., Wang, Q., Xu, M., Dai, R., Pang, B., & Hu, C. (2025) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s540342
An epistemology of inclusion for nursing: Lessons from male infertility
Abdullahzadeh, M. (2026) · Nursing Ethics · doi:10.1177/09697330261424356
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Wang, Y., Tong, X., & 袁震鸣 (2026) · International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN) · doi:10.1109/ijcnn69854.2026.11729076
The role of auxiliary reproductive technologies in overcoming infertility at modern stage
Ступак, В. С., Mirgorodskaya, O. V., & А., Л. Е. (2026) · Problems of Social Hygiene Public Health and History of Medicine · doi:10.32687/0869-866x-2026-34-5-1284-1289
Metadata
- Authors
- Shah, P. K., & Gher, J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Gher, Jaime M.
- Venue
- International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2023-05-28
- Volume
- 162
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 368-374
- ISSN
- 0020-6695 (ISSN-L)
- 0020-7292
- 1879-3479
- OpenAlex
- W4378640171
- Cited by
- 17
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5
- FWCI
- 16.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › International Human Rights and Reproductive Law
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Social Sciences › Law › Medical and Health Sciences Research
- Keywords
- infertility, human rights, state obligations, infertility prevention, stigma, discrimination, healthcare workers
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Human Rights, Infertility, World Health Organization
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