Adult attachment style and stress as risk factors for early maternal sensitivity and negativity
Open accessAbstract
The current study examined the individual and joint effects of self‐reported adult attachment style, psychological distress, and parenting stress on maternal caregiving behaviors at 6 and 12 months of child age. We proposed a diathesis‐stress model to examine the potential deleterious effects of stress for mothers with insecure adult attachment styles. Data from 137 mothers were gathered by the longitudinal Durham Child Health and Development Study. Mothers provided self‐reports using C. Hazan and P. Shaver's (1987) Adult Attachment Style measure, the Brief Symptom Inventory (L.R. Derogatis & P.M. Spencer, 1982), and the Parent Stress Inventory (R.R. Abidin, 1995); observations of parenting data were made from 10‐min free‐play interactions. Consistently avoidant mothers were less sensitive with their infants than were consistently secure mothers; however, this effect was limited to avoidant mothers who experienced elevated levels of psychological distress. Results suggest that the association between insecure adult attachment style and insensitive parenting behavior is moderated by concurrent psychosocial stress. Clinical implications for these findings are discussed.
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Perceived parenting stress disrupts the ability of mothers to appropriately assess infant signals and to react sensitively to them.
“Indeed, perceived parenting stress disrupts the ability of mothers to appropriately assess infant signals and to react sensitively to them.38”
From Effectiveness and acceptability of cognitive-behavioural therapy based interventions for maternal peripartum depression: A systematic review, meta-analysis and thematic synthesis protocol (2019) · cites this paper as [38]
The Results (Descriptive Statistics and Correlations among Covariates; page unavailable) report that parenting stress was negatively associated with maternal sensitivity. But the Discussion says only psychological distress independently predicted sensitivity after demographic controls. The paper does not show that parenting stress disrupts mothers’ assessment of infant signals or establish a causal effect on their responses. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Moreira, H. (2025) · Handbook of Assessment in Mindfulness Research · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-47219-0_100 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Perzolli, S., Arcos, D., Kerr, M. L., Smiley, P. A., & Borelli, J. L. (2025) · Journal of Social and Personal Relationships · doi:10.1177/02654075251342712 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Mindfulness in Parenting Scale: Infant Version
Moreira, H. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-77644-2_100-1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Attachment Style and Working Models of Parenting in Individuals without Children
Conway, A. P. (2014) · doi:10.26686/wgtn.17008078.v1 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Emer, A. (2013) · Unitn-eprints PhD (University of Trento) · doi:10.15168/11572_368115
Sensitividad, representaciones de apego e ideal de sensitividad en madres adolescentes
Torres, V., & Milagros, G. (2015) · Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú
Supplemental Parenting Inventories Used in Custody Evaluations
Holland, K. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-13942-5_10
Exercise Habits, Adult Attachment Styles, and HPA-Axis Hypersensitivity
Chrisman-Miller, Z. (2015)
The Role of Stress in Changing Attachment Style over the Transition to Parenthood
Galaugher, T. (2013) · UVic’s Research and Learning Repository (University of Victoria)
Interface trabalho-família, vinculação romântica e parentalidade em homens e mulheres
Pereira, A. V. C. (2014) · Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT) · doi:10.34626/hzs2-hr31
Maternal Sensitivity to Infant Distress Emotion
胡, 佳. (2017) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2017.71015
Emotional communication between dogs and humans
Konok, V., & Miklósi, Á. (2014)
- Authors
- Mills‐Koonce, W. R., Appleyard, K., Barnett, M., Deng, M., Putallaz, M., & Cox, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Arizona (US)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- Infant Mental Health Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-04-11
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 277-285
- ISSN
- 0163-9641 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-0355
- PMC
- PMC4026358
- OpenAlex
- W2063302185
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 9.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Infant Mental Health Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Science Foundation (0126475)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (T32HD007376)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- adult attachment styles, insecure attachment, attachment avoidance, maternal sensitivity, maternal negativity, parental stress, psychological distress, diathesis-stress model, infant care, early infancy, mother-infant interaction
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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