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Self-stigma and the “why try” effect: impact on life goals and evidence-based practices
Open accessAbstract
Many individuals with mental illnesses are troubled by self-stigma and the subsequent processes that accompany this stigma: low self-esteem and self-efficacy. "Why try" is the overarching phenomenon of interest here, encompassing self-stigma, mediating processes, and their effect on goal-related behavior. In this paper, the literature that explains "why try" is reviewed, with special focus on social psychological models. Self-stigma comprises three steps: awareness of the stereotype, agreement with it, and applying it to one's self. As a result of these processes, people suffer reduced self-esteem and self-efficacy. People are dissuaded from pursuing the kind of opportunities that are fundamental to achieving life goals because of diminished self-esteem and self-efficacy. People may also avoid accessing and using evidence-based practices that help achieve these goals. The effects of self-stigma and the "why try" effect can be diminished by services that promote consumer empowerment.
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“self-stigmatization or shame can undermine motivation to seek help (23)”
From Masculinity and Help-Seeking Among Men With Depression: A Qualitative Study (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
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“Men with depressive symptoms may avoid treatment in order not to be labeled “mentally ill” or “unmanly” by others”
From Masculinity and Help-Seeking Among Men With Depression: A Qualitative Study (2020) · cites this paper as [23]
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Rüsch, N. (2010) · Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie Psychologie und Psychotherapie · doi:10.1024/1661-4747/a000039 · Cited by 20
Self-citationHirsch, J. K., Sirois, F. M., Visser, P. L., Brooks, B. D., Kohls, N., Offenbächer, M., & Toussaint, L. L. (2017) · Stigma and Health · doi:10.1037/sah0000116 · Cited by 38
Rüsch, N., Oexle, N., Reichhardt, L., & Ventling, S. (2018) · Psychiatrische Praxis · doi:10.1055/a-0800-3695 · Cited by 15
Self-citationRose, A. L., Atkey, S. K., Flett, G. L., & Goldberg, J. O. (2019) · Psychology in the Schools · doi:10.1002/pits.22276 · Cited by 15
Gäebel, W., Zäske, H., Hesse, K., Klingberg, S., Ohmann, C., Grebe, J., Kolbe, H., Icks, A., Schneider, F. W., Backes, V., et al. (2019) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s00406-019-01064-3 · Cited by 17
Schulze, L. N., Klinger-König, J., Stolzenburg, S., Wiese, J., Speerforck, S., der Auwera, S. V., Völzke, H., Grabe, H. J., & Schomerus, G. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112819 · Cited by 15
Metadata
- Authors
- CORRIGAN, P. W., LARSON, J. E., & RÜSCH, N.
- Affiliations
- Illinois Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- World Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-06
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 75-81
- ISSN
- 1723-8617 (ISSN-L)
- 2051-5545
- PMC
- PMC2694098
- OpenAlex
- W1498823917
- Cited by
- 1,074
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 90 · 2023: 78 · 2022: 108 · 2021: 84 · 2020: 91 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 71 · 2017: 71 · 2016: 73 · 2015: 58 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 31 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 23.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- World Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mental Health and Patient Involvement
- Keywords
- self-stigma, mental illness, life goals, self-esteem, self-efficacy, evidence-based practice, consumer empowerment, stigma awareness, social-psychological model, help-seeking
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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