Cited by 83Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applicationsCollagen: Extraction and Characterization3D Printing in Biomedical Research

Photochemically crosslinked cell-laden methacrylated collagen hydrogels with high cell viability and functionality

Open access
Nguyen, Thuy‐Uyen, Watkins, Kori E., Kishore, Vipuil·2019·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A

Abstract

Irgacure 2959 (I2959) is widely used as a photoinitiator for photochemical crosslinking of hydrogels. However, the free radicals generated from I2959 have been reported to be highly cytotoxic. In this study, methacrylated collagen (CMA) hydrogels were photochemically crosslinked using two different photoinitiators (i.e., I2959 and VA086) and the effect of photoinitiator type, photoinitiator concentration (i.e., 0.02 and 0.1%) and crosslinking time (1 and 10 min) on gel morphology, compressive modulus, and stability were investigated. In addition, Saos‐2 cells were encapsulated within the hydrogels and the effect of photochemical crosslinking conditions on cell viability, metabolic activity, and osteoblast functionality was assessed. Scanning electron microscopy imaging showed that photochemical crosslinking decreased the porosity of the hydrogels resulting in decrease in water retention ability compared to uncrosslinked hydrogels. On the other hand, photochemical crosslinking improved the stability of CMA hydrogels ( p < 0.05). Uniaxial compression tests showed that increasing the photoinitiator concentration significantly improved the compressive modulus of CMA hydrogels ( p < 0.05). Results from the live–dead assay showed that VA086 crosslinked hydrogels exhibited higher cell viability compared to I2959 ( p < 0.05) crosslinked hydrogels indicating that VA086 is more cytocompatible compared to I2959. Furthermore, Alizarin Red S staining revealed a significantly more pronounced cell‐mediated mineralization on VA086 crosslinked hydrogels ( p < 0.05) indicating that Saos‐2 cells retain their normal functionality in the presence of VA086. In summary, these results indicate that VA086 is a more biocompatible photoinitiator compared to I2959 for the generation of photochemically crosslinked CMA hydrogels for tissue engineering applications. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2019.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1002/jbm.a.36668

Cites

46 of 46 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Nguyen, T., Watkins, K. E., & Kishore, V.
Affiliations
Florida Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author
Kishore, Vipuil
Venue
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2019-04-07
Volume
107
Issue
7
Pages
1541-1550
ISSN
  • 1549-3296 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-4965
OpenAlex
W2921937046
Cited by
83
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4
FWCI
2.67
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Center for Scientific Review (1R15AR071102)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (1R15AR071102)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Medicine › Hydrogels: synthesis, properties, applications
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Collagen: Extraction and Characterization
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › 3D Printing in Biomedical Research
Keywords
photocrosslinking, photoinitiators, Irgacure 2959, Saos-2 cells, cell viability, compressive modulus, hydrogel porosity, hydrogel stability, cytocompatibility, tissue engineering scaffolds
MeSH terms
Calcification, Physiologic, Cell Survival, Collagen, Cross-Linking Reagents, Humans, Methacrylates, Photochemistry, Compressive Strength, Hydrogels, Cell Line, Tumor

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review