Increased CO2 outgassing in February‐May 2010 in the tropical Atlantic following the 2009 Pacific El Niño
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Abstract The fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) has been measured underway during the voyages of a merchant ship sailing from France to Brazil since 2008. High fCO2 values are observed in 2010, between approximately 8°S and 8°N, and are particularly pronounced in boreal spring. These high values are explained by the anomalous situation occurring in the tropical Atlantic in 2010 after the 2009 El Niño in the Pacific. The weakening of the trade winds during the El Niño event contributes to an increase of sea surface temperatures in the tropical Atlantic and a northward shift of the intertropical convergence zone. The anomalous position of the intertropical convergence zone is accompanied by reduced precipitation in boreal spring and hence a higher than usual sea surface salinity. The year 2010 is also characterized by a strong positive Atlantic multidecadal oscillation index and a negative North Atlantic oscillation index that contribute to the tropical Atlantic warming. Positive anomalies of both surface temperature and salinity cause an increase of surface CO2, leading to a stronger outgassing of CO2 in 2010 compared with 2009 and 2011. The main factor responsible for the CO2 anomalies is the Pacific El Niño teleconnection. The Atlantic multidecadal oscillation index also contributes in the northern hemisphere, and the role of the North Atlantic oscillation is negligible.
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Interannual variability of air-sea CO2 fluxes is closely linked to climate variability.
“Interannual variability of air-sea CO 2 fluxes is closely linked to climate variability (Lefèvre et al., 2013;Ibánhez et al., 2017).”
From The tropical atlantic observing system (2019) · cites this paper as Lefèvre et al., 2013
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Foltz, G. R., Brandt, P., Richter, I., Rodríguez-Fonseca, B., Hernandez, F., Dengler, M., Rodrigues, R. R., Schmidt, J. O., Yu, L., Lefevre, N., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Marine Science · doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00206 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Sohou, Z., Koné, V., Da-Allada, Y. C., Djakouré, S., Bourlès, B., Racape, V., Degbe, G., & Adje, C. (2020) · Regional Studies in Marine Science · doi:10.1016/j.rsma.2020.101129 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Relationship between the Guinea Current and the Coastal Upwelling in Northern of Gulf of Guinea
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- Authors
- Lefèvre, N., Caniaux, G., Janicot, S., & Gueye, A. K.
- Affiliations
- Universidade Federal do Ceará (BR)
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (FR)
- Venue
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2013-04
- Volume
- 118
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1645-1657
- ISSN
- 2169-9275 (ISSN-L)
- 2169-9291
- OpenAlex
- W1496312476
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3
- FWCI
- 1.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hal.science
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- European Integrated Project CARBOCHANGE (FP7 264879)
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)
- LEFE CYBER
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Keywords
- CO2 degassing, fugacity of CO2, tropical Atlantic, Intertropical Convergence Zone, trade wind weakening, sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation, North Atlantic Oscillation, ENSO teleconnections, boreal spring
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