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The decade of the dendritic NMDA spike
Open accessAbstract
In the field of cortical cellular physiology, much effort has been invested in understanding thick apical dendrites of pyramidal neurons and the regenerative sodium and calcium spikes that take place in the apical trunk. Here we focus on thin dendrites of pyramidal cells (basal, oblique, and tuft dendrites), and we discuss one relatively novel form of an electrical signal ("NMDA spike") that is specific for these branches. Basal, oblique, and apical tuft dendrites receive a high density of glutamatergic synaptic contacts. Synchronous activation of 10-50 neighboring glutamatergic synapses triggers a local dendritic regenerative potential, NMDA spike/plateau, which is characterized by significant local amplitude (40-50 mV) and an extraordinary duration (up to several hundred milliseconds). The NMDA plateau potential, when it is initiated in an apical tuft dendrite, is able to maintain a good portion of that tuft in a sustained depolarized state. However, if NMDA-dominated plateau potentials originate in proximal segments of basal dendrites, they regularly bring the neuronal cell body into a sustained depolarized state, which resembles a cortical Up state. At each dendritic initiation site (basal, oblique, and tuft) an NMDA spike creates favorable conditions for causal interactions of active synaptic inputs, including the spatial or temporal binding of information, as well as processes of short-term and long-term synaptic modifications (e.g., long-term potentiation or long-term depression). Because of their strong amplitudes and durations, local dendritic NMDA spikes make up the cellular substrate for multisite independent subunit computations that enrich the computational power and repertoire of cortical pyramidal cells. We propose that NMDA spikes are likely to play significant roles in cortical information processing in awake animals (spatiotemporal binding, working memory) and during slow-wave sleep (neuronal Up states, consolidation of memories).
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“First, real neurons are highly nonlinear (Antic et al., 2010), with the dendrites of each single neuron implementing18 something computationally similar to a three-layer neural network (Mel, 1992)19.”
From Toward an integration of deep learning and neuroscience (2016) · cites this paper as Antic et al., 2010
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- Antic SD, 2007, Mechanisms of spontaneous active states in the neocortex, mechanisms of spontaneous active states in the neocortex, 45
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Burger, T. S., Rule, M. E., & O’Leary, T. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.89629 · Cited by 1
Active Dendrites Enable Robust Spiking Computations Despite Timing JitterPreprint
Burger, T. S., Rule, M. E., & O’Leary, T. (2023) · doi:10.7554/elife.89629.1
eLife Assessment: Active Dendrites Enable Robust Spiking Computations Despite Timing Jitter
Berman, G. J. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.89629.1.sa2
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Burger, T. S., Rule, M. E., & O’Leary, T. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.89629.2
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Bressloff, P. C. (2013) · Lecture notes on mathematical modelling in the life sciences · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8866-8_3
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From AMPAR lateral diffusion to whisker perception : a new model for cortical remapping
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Metadata
- Authors
- Antic, S. D., Zhou, W., Moore, A. R., Short, S. M., & Ikonomu, K. D.
- Affiliations
- UConn Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Antic, Srdjan D.
- Venue
- Journal of Neuroscience Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-06-11
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 2991-3001
- ISSN
- 0360-4012 (ISSN-L)
- 1097-4547
- PMC
- PMC5643072
- OpenAlex
- W1971335223
- Cited by
- 222
- References
- 110
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neuroscience Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- OpenCommons - UConn (University of Connecticut) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH063503, R01MH063503)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- pyramidal neurons, basal dendrites, glutamatergic synapses, working memory, long-term potentiation, long-term depression, slow-wave sleep, memory consolidation, cortical processing
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Dendrites, Humans, Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate, Pyramidal Cells
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