The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Production of a standard closed fracture in laboratory animal bone
Abstract
To develop a technique for the production of a standard closed experimental fracture, a new apparatus was designed and tested on 40 male Sprague‐Dawley rats. First, the femur was treated with an intramedullary Steinmann pin. The femoral diaphysis was then fractured by means of a blunt guillotine driven by a dropped weight. Radiographically, this technique resulted in a highly reproducible transverse fracture. There was minimal comminution and minimal angulation of the intramedullary pin. Histologically, there was minimal soft tissue damage. Mechanical testing showed that all fractures healed. Pin removal was accomplished with ease and without disturbance of the healed fracture site. The apparatus is simple to use and inexpensive to build. Through its use, a highly reproducible closed fracture model is established.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
The biology of fracture healing
Marsell, R., & Einhorn, T. A. (2011) · Injury · doi:10.1016/j.injury.2011.03.031 · Cited by 1,824
Self-citationKon, T., Cho, T.-J., Aizawa, T., Yamazaki, M., Nooh, N., Graves, D., Gerstenfeld, L. C., & Einhorn, T. A. (2001) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1359/jbmr.2001.16.6.1004 · Cited by 552
Self-citationAngiogenesis in Fracture Repair
Glowacki, J. (1998) · Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research · doi:10.1097/00003086-199810001-00010 · Cited by 386
Prevention of fracture healing in rats by an inhibitor of angiogenesis
Hausman, M. R., Schaffler, M. B., & Majeska, R. J. (2001) · Bone · doi:10.1016/s8756-3282(01)00608-1 · Cited by 384
Fracture healing is accelerated in the absence of the adaptive immune system
Toben, D., Schroeder, I., El Khassawna, T., Mehta, M., Hoffmann, J.-E., Frisch, J.-T., Schell, H., Lienau, J., Serra, A., Radbruch, A., et al. (2011) · Journal of Bone and Mineral Research · doi:10.1002/jbmr.185 · Cited by 236
Metadata
- Authors
- Bonnarens, F., & Einhorn, T. A.
- Venue
- Journal of Orthopaedic Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1984-01
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 97-101
- ISSN
- 0736-0266 (ISSN-L)
- 1554-527X
- OpenAlex
- W1979242330
- Cited by
- 888
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Production of a standard closed fracture in laboratory animal bone. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1002/jor.1100020115
- The paper
- Bonnarens, F., & Einhorn, T. A. (1984). Production of a standard closed fracture in laboratory animal bone. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. https://doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100020115
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
