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Periodontitis activates the NLRP3 inflammasome in serum and saliva
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nod-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing protein-3 (NLRP3) complex inflammasome has potentially been shown to play an important role in the development of periodontitis and diabetes. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between serum and salivary NLRP3 concentrations in patients with periodontitis and type-II diabetes mellitus (DM) and to evaluate whether this association was influenced by potential confounders. METHODS: For the present study, a cohort of healthy controls (n = 32), and patients with periodontitis (n = 34), type-II DM (n = 33), and a combination of periodontitis + type-II DM (n = 34) were enrolled. Patients were characterized on the basis of their periodontal status and analyzed for demographic characteristics, serum mediators, and for serum and salivary concentrations of NLRP3. A uni- and multivariate model was established to analyze whether periodontitis, type-II DM, and CRP influenced serum and salivary NLRP3 concentrations. RESULTS: In comparison to type-II DM patients and healthy controls, patients with periodontitis (serum, P = 0.003; saliva P = 0.012) and periodontitis + type-II DM (serum, P = 0.028; saliva, P = 0.003) had elevated serum and salivary NLRP3 concentrations. The multivariate regression model showed that periodontitis (P = 0.029) and HDL-cholesterol (P = 0.012) were significant predictors of serum NLRP3 concentrations whereas periodontitis (P = 0.036) and CRP (P = 0.012) were significant predictors of salivary NLRP3. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study showed that periodontitis and periodontitis + type-II DM patients had higher serum and salivary NLRP3 concentrations in comparison to healthy controls and patients with type-II DM. Periodontitis was demonstrated to be a significant predictor of both serum and salivary NLRP3 concentrations.
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“Periodontitis is a disease with a multifactorial etiology that, following infection induced by bacteria of the periodontal biofilm, can determine tooth loss following host response [5].”
From A Cross-Talk between Diet and the Oral Microbiome: Balance of Nutrition on Inflammation and Immune System’s Response during Periodontitis (2022) · cites this paper as [5]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Isola, G., Polizzi, A., Santonocito, S., Alibrandi, A., & Williams, R. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Catania (IT)
- University of Messina (IT)
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Corresponding author
- Isola, Gaetano
- Venue
- Journal of Periodontology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2021-06-02
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 135-145
- ISSN
- 0022-3492 (ISSN-L)
- 1943-3670
- OpenAlex
- W3161768710
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 46 · 2021: 18
- FWCI
- 9.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Periodontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- periodontitis, NLRP3 inflammasome, type 2 diabetes, salivary biomarkers, serum biomarkers, C-reactive protein, HDL cholesterol, inflammation
- MeSH terms
- NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Periodontitis, Saliva, Inflammasomes
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