Soil- and plant-based nitrogen-fertilizer recommendations in arable farming

Olfs, Hans‐Werner; Blankenau, Klaus; Brentrup, Frank; Jasper, Jörg; Link, Axel; Lammel, Joachim

doi:10.1002/jpln.200520526

Cited by 238Agricultural Science and FertilizationSoil Carbon and Nitrogen DynamicsCrop Yield and Soil Fertility

Soil- and plant-based nitrogen-fertilizer recommendations in arable farming

Olfs, Hans‐Werner, Blankenau, Klaus, Brentrup, Frank, Jasper, Jörg, Link, Axel, Lammel, Joachim·2005·Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science

DOI 10.1002/jpln.200520526

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Abstract

Abstract Under‐ as well as overfertilization with nitrogen (N) will result in economic loss for the farmer due to reduced yields and quality of the products. Also from an ecological perspective, it is important that the grower makes the correct decision on how much and when to apply N for a certain crop to minimize impacts on the environment. To aggravate the situation, N is a substance that is present in many compartments in different forms (nitrate, ammonium, organic N, etc.) in the soil‐plant environment and takes part in various processes ( e.g. , mineralization, immobilization, leaching, denitrification, etc.). Today, many N‐recommendation systems are mainly based on yield expectation. However, yields are not stable from year to year for a given field. Also the processes that determine the N supply from other sources than fertilizer are not predictable at the start of the growing season. Different methodological approaches are reviewed that have been introduced to improve N‐fertilizer recommendations for arable crops. Many soil‐based methods have been developed to measure soil mineral N (SMN) that is available for plants at a given sampling date. Soil sampling at the start of the growing period and analyzing for the amount of NO $ _3^- $ ‐N (and NH $ _4^+ $ ‐N) is a widespread approach in Europe and North America. Based on data from field calibrations, the SMN pool is filled up with fertilizer N to a recommended amount. Depending on pre‐crop, use of organic manure, or soil characteristics, the recommendation might be modified (±10–50 kg N ha –1 ). Another set of soil methods has been established to estimate the amount of N that is mineralized from soil organic matter, plant residues, and/or organic manure. From the huge range of methods proposed so far, simple mild extraction procedures have gained most interest, but introduction into practical recommendation schemes has been rather limited. Plant‐analytical procedures cover the whole range from quantitative laboratory analysis to semiquantitative “quick” tests carried out in the field. The main idea is that the plant itself is the best indicator for the N supply from any source within the growth period. In‐field methods like the nitrate plant sap/petiole test and chlorophyll measurements with hand‐held devices or via remote sensing are regarded as most promising, because with these methods an adequate adjustment of the N‐fertilizer application strategy within the season is feasible. Prerequisite is a fertilization strategy that is based on several N applications and not on a one‐go approach.

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The NIR:red ratio is sensitive in detecting water stress of canopies.
“The NIR:red ratio is sensitive in detecting water stress of canopies, while the red:red-edge ratio is sensitive to chlorophyll content and consequently, to nitrogen deficiencies (SPAD, Olfs et al., 2005).”
From Intensify production, transform biomass to energy and novel goods and protect soils in Europe—A vision how to mobilize marginal lands (2018) · cites this paper as Olfs et al., 2005
The red:red-edge ratio is sensitive to chlorophyll content and consequently to nitrogen deficiencies.
“The NIR:red ratio is sensitive in detecting water stress of canopies, while the red:red-edge ratio is sensitive to chlorophyll content and consequently, to nitrogen deficiencies (SPAD, Olfs et al., 2005).”
From Intensify production, transform biomass to energy and novel goods and protect soils in Europe—A vision how to mobilize marginal lands (2018) · cites this paper as Olfs et al., 2005

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Intensify production, transform biomass to energy and novel goods and protect soils in Europe—A vision how to mobilize marginal lands
Schröder, P., Beckers, B., Daniels, S., Gnädinger, F., Maestri, E., Marmiroli, N., Mench, M., Millan, R., Obermeier, M. M., Oustriere, N., et al. (2018) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.209 · Cited by 151 · see citing works

Authors: Olfs, H., Blankenau, K., Brentrup, F., Jasper, J., Link, A., & Lammel, J.
Affiliations: Yara (Germany) (DE)
ORCID: Olfs, Hans‐Werner
Venue: Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2005-07-27
Volume: 168
Issue: 4
Pages: 414-431
ISSN: 1436-8730 (ISSN-L)
1522-2624
DOI: 10.1002/jpln.200520526
OpenAlex: W1986541078
Cited by: 238
References: 147
Citations by year: 2026: 9 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 19
FWCI: 13.18
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Crop Yield and Soil Fertility
Keywords: nitrogen fertilizer recommendation, nitrogen management, soil mineral nitrogen, soil nitrogen mineralization, organic manure, plant analysis, chlorophyll measurement, remote sensing, split nitrogen application, field crops, nitrogen leaching, denitrification, yield stability, field calibration, soil sampling

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Soil- and plant-based nitrogen-fertilizer recommendations in arable farming

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